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1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:04,220 中道佛学会阿含经讲要

2 00:00:04,800 --> 00:00:08,000 第112讲

3 00:00:08,820 --> 00:00:11,520 如源法师主讲

4 00:00:11,520 --> 00:00:12,460 请合掌

5 00:00:13,380 --> 00:00:15,520 南无本师释迦牟尼佛

6 00:00:18,640 --> 00:00:21,480 南无本师释迦牟尼佛

7 00:00:28,940 --> 00:00:31,360 无上甚深微妙法

8 00:00:33,700 --> 00:00:36,500 百千万劫难遭遇

9 00:00:38,520 --> 00:00:40,880 我今见闻得受持

10 00:00:43,440 --> 00:00:45,360 愿解如来真实义

11 00:00:47,700 --> 00:00:48,620 阿弥陀佛

12 00:00:50,060 --> 00:00:51,300 各位同学大家好

13 00:00:52,920 --> 00:00:56,140 我们继续来看无常法门

14 00:00:56,960 --> 00:00:58,860 无常法门我们也常常讲了

15 00:00:58,860 --> 00:01:01,140 但是事实上无常法门

16 00:01:01,740 --> 00:01:03,880 尤其是我们说观无常

17 00:01:03,880 --> 00:01:05,120 但是真正的无常

18 00:01:06,240 --> 00:01:08,100 不是那么容易能够理解

19 00:01:08,620 --> 00:01:10,440 而且有一点很重要就是说

20 00:01:11,080 --> 00:01:13,000 你观无常的生命变化可以

21 00:01:13,000 --> 00:01:15,100 但是你要透到无我

22 00:01:15,100 --> 00:01:17,360 甚至透入到修行

23 00:01:17,360 --> 00:01:18,780 然后解脱涅槃

24 00:01:18,780 --> 00:01:20,000 其实不容易

25 00:01:21,360 --> 00:01:22,620 第二个，观无常

26 00:01:22,620 --> 00:01:24,600 不是观现象上的无常

27 00:01:25,300 --> 00:01:29,280 而是要融入到法理的无常

28 00:01:29,280 --> 00:01:32,120 但是就算是融入到法理的无常

29 00:01:32,120 --> 00:01:34,680 还是要从现象上的无常观察起

30 00:01:34,680 --> 00:01:37,200 也就是说观察现象上的无常

31 00:01:37,200 --> 00:01:40,360 但是观念知见上要有法理上的无常

32 00:01:40,360 --> 00:01:42,980 才会真正透入到无常的真实意

33 00:01:42,980 --> 00:01:46,520 不然会只是在表象上看无常

34 00:01:46,520 --> 00:01:50,240 但是有可能会拟想出一个表面上无常

35 00:01:50,240 --> 00:01:52,960 但是背后有一个常的东西

36 00:01:52,960 --> 00:01:55,580 有时候会变成有这种认知跟误解

37 00:01:56,440 --> 00:01:58,540 那我们来看这个他怎么说

38 00:01:58,540 --> 00:02:00,580

39 00:02:02,460 --> 00:02:04,260 (三)無常法性不易明瞭

40 00:02:04,840 --> 00:02:06,080 这个经很有意思

41 00:02:06,080 --> 00:02:09,380 而且可以做一个比较彻底的分析跟观察

42 00:02:09,380 --> 00:02:12,800 而且有些时候大乘佛教或是中观学派

43 00:02:12,800 --> 00:02:14,540 有时候会拿那个经作为一切法击灭

44 00:02:14,540 --> 00:02:17,120 一切法空的一个讨论

45 00:02:17,880 --> 00:02:18,360

46 00:02:19,060 --> 00:02:20,560 【佛般涅槃未久】

47 00:02:20,900 --> 00:02:22,400 你看佛已经入灭了

48 00:02:23,080 --> 00:02:25,940 【時，長老闡陀晨朝著衣持鉢，

入波羅㮈城乞食。

49 00:02:26,940 --> 00:02:29,800  

50 00:02:29,800 --> 00:02:32,140  

51 00:02:32,140 --> 00:02:34,840 食已，還攝衣鉢，洗足已，持

戶鈎，

52 00:02:34,840 --> 00:02:37,720  

53 00:02:37,720 --> 00:02:39,380 從林至林，從房至房，從經行處至經行處，

54 00:02:39,380 --> 00:02:41,200  

55 00:02:42,140 --> 00:02:44,480  

56 00:02:44,480 --> 00:02:46,080 處處請諸比丘言:「當教授我，為我說法，

57 00:02:47,940 --> 00:02:51,360  

58 00:02:51,360 --> 00:02:54,100  令我

知法、見法，我當如法知、如法觀。」】

59 00:02:54,100 --> 00:02:57,520  

60 00:02:58,140 --> 00:02:59,280 他就是说

61 00:02:59,820 --> 00:03:03,360 持衣持钵出去外面托钵

62 00:03:03,360 --> 00:03:06,380 托钵完之后回来洗脚

63 00:03:06,380 --> 00:03:08,200 洗了把锅收起来

64 00:03:08,200 --> 00:03:10,660 那接下来就经行

65 00:03:11,300 --> 00:03:13,020 那经行的时候 

66 00:03:13,020 --> 00:03:14,760 慢慢就是從林至林，從房至房

67 00:03:15,260 --> 00:03:16,560  

68 00:03:16,560 --> 00:03:18,800  这个林就是什么

69 00:03:18,800 --> 00:03:20,760  可能是一个大片的

70 00:03:21,280 --> 00:03:23,000 然后里面可能有好几个

71 00:03:23,000 --> 00:03:24,920 然后他就在里面经行

72 00:03:25,920 --> 00:03:27,660 那里面可能就很多那种小的茅棚

73 00:03:28,120 --> 00:03:29,760 

74 00:03:29,760 --> 00:03:32,040 那可能比丘都住在那里

75 00:03:32,460 --> 00:03:33,120  

76 00:03:33,720 --> 00:03:36,740 以前是没有大雄宝殿这种东西的

77 00:03:37,640 --> 00:03:39,500 以前佛陀在的时候

78 00:03:39,500 --> 00:03:41,220 很多地方它都是

79 00:03:41,820 --> 00:03:45,120 比如说祇树给孤独园

80 00:03:45,120 --> 00:03:46,240 它就是一个树林

81 00:03:46,240 --> 00:03:48,460 那里面就盖一些遮风挡雨的

82 00:03:48,460 --> 00:03:50,240 没有说很好的

83 00:03:50,240 --> 00:03:52,260 里面还有自动冲洗马桶的那种

84 00:03:52,260 --> 00:03:52,820  

85 00:03:54,520 --> 00:03:55,400   

86 00:03:55,400 --> 00:03:59,000 它里面可能就没有那个浴厕的

87 00:03:59,000 --> 00:04:00,460 浴厕就到外面去

88 00:04:00,460 --> 00:04:02,260 然后他就 纯粹住

89 00:04:02,820 --> 00:04:03,340 这样讲

90 00:04:03,340 --> 00:04:04,880 那纯粹住呢

91 00:04:04,880 --> 00:04:06,360 然后他会有一间

92 00:04:06,360 --> 00:04:07,860 如果比较 设施完善

93 00:04:07,860 --> 00:04:09,260 会有一间比较大一点

94 00:04:09,720 --> 00:04:11,400 然后这个比较大一点的

95 00:04:11,400 --> 00:04:12,920 他就做大众的集会

96 00:04:13,400 --> 00:04:14,720 大众什么集会呢

97 00:04:14,720 --> 00:04:17,500 比如说吃饭的时候

98 00:04:19,000 --> 00:04:21,140 然后佛陀讲经说法的时候

99 00:04:21,940 --> 00:04:23,620 比如说吃饭也去那边吃

100 00:04:23,620 --> 00:04:24,920 讲经说法的时候也在那边集会

101 00:04:24,920 --> 00:04:26,100 

102 00:04:26,100 --> 00:04:27,660 还有初一十五

103 00:04:27,660 --> 00:04:29,680 布萨的时候也都到那边去

104 00:04:30,340 --> 00:04:32,480 那个就是一个比较大一点的

105 00:04:32,480 --> 00:04:33,880 然后大家聚会用的而已

106 00:04:33,880 --> 00:04:35,960 没有说一个很大的大雄宝殿

107 00:04:36,820 --> 00:04:37,260  

108 00:04:39,100 --> 00:04:39,980  

109 00:04:42,400 --> 00:04:43,700 然后接下来呢

110 00:04:43,700 --> 00:04:45,040 他就到处去

111 00:04:45,040 --> 00:04:46,760 然后跟那些比丘们说

112 00:04:46,760 --> 00:04:48,220 你教导我佛法

113 00:04:48,220 --> 00:04:49,560 

114 00:04:49,560 --> 00:04:51,380 教导我一些法要

115 00:04:51,380 --> 00:04:51,980  

116 00:04:51,980 --> 00:04:54,200 我会依佛法而如是观察

117 00:04:54,200 --> 00:04:55,620  

118 00:04:55,620 --> 00:04:56,000 这样子如是观察

119 00:04:56,560 --> 00:04:57,640 

120 00:04:58,740 --> 00:05:01,160 然后那个时比丘与

121 00:05:01,160 --> 00:05:02,780 就如是观察

122 00:05:02,780 --> 00:05:03,060  

123 00:05:03,560 --> 00:05:05,660 这时候比丘们就要跟他讲法

124 00:05:05,660 --> 00:05:06,940 他说 你教我法

125 00:05:07,500 --> 00:05:10,740 然后【時，諸比丘語闡陀言:

126 00:05:10,740 --> 00:05:12,140 「色無常，受、想、

行、識無常，一切行無常

127 00:05:12,140 --> 00:05:14,380  

128 00:05:14,380 --> 00:05:15,880  

129 00:05:15,880 --> 00:05:17,520 一切法無我，涅槃寂

滅。」

】

130 00:05:17,520 --> 00:05:18,860  

131 00:05:19,640 --> 00:05:20,400 这是什么

132 00:05:20,400 --> 00:05:21,720 四事之教

133 00:05:21,720 --> 00:05:23,920 一切无常 

134 00:05:24,420 --> 00:05:25,140 一切无我

135 00:05:25,140 --> 00:05:26,020 然后涅槃寂灭

136 00:05:26,020 --> 00:05:26,980 这就是三法印

137 00:05:27,420 --> 00:05:28,820 那么就这样跟他讲

138 00:05:28,820 --> 00:05:29,680  

139 00:05:29,680 --> 00:05:30,740 这个是其实

140 00:05:31,660 --> 00:05:33,660 在阿含经里面就是根本的教法

141 00:05:33,660 --> 00:05:34,660 就是讲三法印

142 00:05:35,560 --> 00:05:37,000 一切行无常

143 00:05:37,840 --> 00:05:38,640  

144 00:05:38,640 --> 00:05:39,960 一切法无我

145 00:05:39,960 --> 00:05:40,620 诸行无常

146 00:05:40,620 --> 00:05:41,260 诸法无我

147 00:05:41,260 --> 00:05:42,380 然后涅槃 寂灭

148 00:05:42,380 --> 00:05:44,260 这个讲的就是三法印

149 00:05:44,260 --> 00:05:46,280 这本来也是没什么问题的

150 00:05:46,280 --> 00:05:47,960 大家就是这样学的

151 00:05:47,960 --> 00:05:48,980  

152 00:05:48,980 --> 00:05:50,200 但是这时候禅陀有问题

153 00:05:51,120 --> 00:05:52,240 他说什么问题呢

154 00:05:52,240 --> 00:05:52,740 你看他说

155 00:05:53,240 --> 00:05:54,520 【闡陀語諸比丘言:「我已知色無常

156 00:05:54,520 --> 00:05:56,300  

157 00:05:56,300 --> 00:05:58,080 受、想、行、识无常

158 00:05:58,080 --> 00:05:59,160 一切行无常

159 00:05:59,160 --> 00:06:00,580 一切行無常，一切法無我，涅槃寂 滅。」】

160 00:06:00,580 --> 00:06:01,980  

161 00:06:01,980 --> 00:06:04,420 他说他已知道了

162 00:06:05,700 --> 00:06:06,520 然后 

163 00:06:06,520 --> 00:06:07,680 【闡陀復言:「然我不喜聞:『一切諸行空 寂、

164 00:06:07,680 --> 00:06:11,420  

165 00:06:11,420 --> 00:06:14,040 不可得、愛盡、離欲、涅槃。』】

166 00:06:16,340 --> 00:06:17,580 不是有点奇怪

167 00:06:17,580 --> 00:06:19,240  既然三法印

168 00:06:19,240 --> 00:06:19,880  他说他知道

169 00:06:19,880 --> 00:06:20,700 

170 00:06:21,940 --> 00:06:22,980  

171 00:06:22,980 --> 00:06:24,200 我已知色无常

172 00:06:24,200 --> 00:06:25,460 受、想、行、识无常

173 00:06:25,460 --> 00:06:26,840 一切行无常

174 00:06:26,840 --> 00:06:28,000 一切法无我

175 00:06:28,000 --> 00:06:29,180 涅槃 寂灭

176 00:06:29,180 --> 00:06:30,280 闡陀復言:「然我不喜聞:『一切諸行空 寂、

177 00:06:30,280 --> 00:06:33,840  

178 00:06:33,840 --> 00:06:35,180 一不可得、愛盡、離欲、涅槃。』

179 00:06:35,180 --> 00:06:37,700  

180 00:06:37,700 --> 00:06:38,960 此中云何有 我而言:『如是知、如是見，

181 00:06:38,960 --> 00:06:40,700  

182 00:06:40,700 --> 00:06:42,000  

183 00:06:42,000 --> 00:06:43,460 是名見法。』?」 第二、第三亦如是說。...】

184 00:06:43,460 --> 00:06:45,600  

185 00:06:45,600 --> 00:06:46,900 他意思是说

186 00:06:46,900 --> 00:06:48,780 我已经知道三法印

187 00:06:48,780 --> 00:06:50,020  

188 00:06:50,020 --> 00:06:52,540 但是我不喜欢听到一切诸行空

189 00:06:54,180 --> 00:06:55,360 就是诸行空

190 00:06:55,360 --> 00:06:57,040 这里指的就是无我无我所

191 00:06:57,620 --> 00:06:59,660 那当然从般若经角度

192 00:06:59,660 --> 00:07:00,600 他讲诸行空

193 00:07:00,600 --> 00:07:02,720  从般若经会把它理解为从法性来讲

194 00:07:02,720 --> 00:07:03,940 

195 00:07:03,940 --> 00:07:06,240 一切行就是如幻如化

196 00:07:06,240 --> 00:07:07,880 叫做诸行空即当下寂灭

197 00:07:07,880 --> 00:07:09,380 

198 00:07:09,380 --> 00:07:11,200 般若经会做这样的解释

199 00:07:11,660 --> 00:07:13,040 但是这里的诸行空是指无我无我所

200 00:07:13,040 --> 00:07:14,180 

201 00:07:14,180 --> 00:07:15,860 那无我无我所

202 00:07:15,860 --> 00:07:18,100 就是可以愛盡、離欲、涅槃

203 00:07:18,100 --> 00:07:20,380 但是他说他不喜欢听到这样子

204 00:07:22,220 --> 00:07:22,940 然后 

205 00:07:22,940 --> 00:07:23,640 【此中云何有 我而言:『如是知、如是見，

206 00:07:23,640 --> 00:07:24,900  

207 00:07:24,900 --> 00:07:26,480  

208 00:07:26,480 --> 00:07:27,200 是名見法。』?」 

209 00:07:27,200 --> 00:07:28,780 他说有我啊

210 00:07:28,780 --> 00:07:29,060  

211 00:07:29,060 --> 00:07:31,080 然后第二第三亦如是说

212 00:07:31,080 --> 00:07:33,180 第二第三还是这样子说

213 00:07:33,700 --> 00:07:34,600 意思是说

214 00:07:34,600 --> 00:07:35,900 他知道三法印

215 00:07:36,580 --> 00:07:39,180 但是他不喜欢听到

216 00:07:39,180 --> 00:07:41,700 而且他不认可一切诸行空

217 00:07:41,700 --> 00:07:43,900 不可得、愛盡、離欲、涅槃

218 00:07:45,940 --> 00:07:47,420 那可见 他对一切行无常

219 00:07:47,840 --> 00:07:50,300

220 00:07:50,720 --> 00:07:52,480 对一切法无我、涅槃为寂静

221 00:07:52,480 --> 00:07:54,740 他并不是真实的了解

222 00:07:54,740 --> 00:07:55,820 也就是说

223 00:07:55,820 --> 00:07:58,100 他知道了可能表面上的无常

224 00:07:58,100 --> 00:07:59,740 而不是真实的观察到无常的法性

225 00:07:59,740 --> 00:08:00,840 

226 00:08:02,160 --> 00:08:03,580 那我们继续来看

227 00:08:03,580 --> 00:08:04,340 后面还有

228 00:08:05,040 --> 00:08:06,540 【我爾時作是念:『是中誰復有力堪能為我說法，

229 00:08:06,540 --> 00:08:08,040  

230 00:08:08,040 --> 00:08:09,340  

231 00:08:09,340 --> 00:08:12,340 令我知法、見法?』】

232 00:08:12,340 --> 00:08:13,400 这是谁想的

233 00:08:13,400 --> 00:08:14,320 禅陀

234 00:08:14,940 --> 00:08:16,200 因为比丘跟他讲

235 00:08:16,200 --> 00:08:17,780  他觉得有问题

236 00:08:18,260 --> 00:08:19,620 没有办法真正的理解

237 00:08:19,620 --> 00:08:20,940 所以他就想说

238 00:08:20,940 --> 00:08:23,200 那么到底有谁可以进一步为我说法呢

239 00:08:23,200 --> 00:08:24,800  

240 00:08:24,800 --> 00:08:26,580 让我真正能理解呢

241 00:08:26,580 --> 00:08:26,860  

242 00:08:26,860 --> 00:08:27,760 这时候 

243 00:08:27,760 --> 00:08:29,040 【我時復作是念:『尊者阿難

今在拘睒彌國瞿師羅園，】

244 00:08:29,040 --> 00:08:30,380  

245 00:08:30,380 --> 00:08:32,620  

246 00:08:33,360 --> 00:08:34,760  

247 00:08:34,760 --> 00:08:35,880 就是在这个地方

248 00:08:35,880 --> 00:08:38,160 他说尊者阿难在这个地方

249 00:08:38,160 --> 00:08:39,960 【曾供養親覲世尊，佛所

讚歎，諸梵行者皆悉知識。】

250 00:08:39,960 --> 00:08:41,680  

251 00:08:41,680 --> 00:08:43,080  

252 00:08:43,080 --> 00:08:44,900 他当世尊的侍者

253 00:08:45,740 --> 00:08:46,520  

254 00:08:46,520 --> 00:08:47,540 佛所

讚歎，諸梵行者皆悉知識。

255 00:08:47,540 --> 00:08:49,920  

256 00:08:49,920 --> 00:08:52,100 就是很多修行人都知道阿难是佛陀的侍者

257 00:08:52,520 --> 00:08:55,020 

258 00:08:55,020 --> 00:08:55,680 而且这个这时候阿难已经

259 00:08:55,680 --> 00:08:56,860 

260 00:08:57,400 --> 00:08:59,420 已经是阿罗汉了

261 00:08:59,420 --> 00:09:01,100 因为佛入面的当下

262 00:09:01,500 --> 00:09:02,760 他为了要加入他

263 00:09:02,760 --> 00:09:04,280 加入五百阿罗汉的结集

264 00:09:04,280 --> 00:09:05,880 

265 00:09:05,880 --> 00:09:06,900 他已经是阿罗汉了

266 00:09:07,340 --> 00:09:08,860 所以他是阿罗汉了

267 00:09:08,860 --> 00:09:10,340 【彼必堪能為我說法，

令我知法、見法。』

268 00:09:10,340 --> 00:09:12,020  

269 00:09:12,020 --> 00:09:13,420 善哉!尊者阿難今當為我說

法，令我知法、見法。」】

270 00:09:13,420 --> 00:09:14,620  

271 00:09:14,620 --> 00:09:16,260  

272 00:09:16,260 --> 00:09:17,360 

273 00:09:17,360 --> 00:09:18,340  

274 00:09:18,340 --> 00:09:19,820 他讲完之后后面还有 

275 00:09:19,820 --> 00:09:21,240 其实他就中间那一段

276 00:09:21,240 --> 00:09:22,780 他就跑去问阿难

277 00:09:23,460 --> 00:09:24,460  

278 00:09:24,460 --> 00:09:25,300 然后 

279 00:09:25,300 --> 00:09:27,300 【時，尊者阿難語闡陀言:

280 00:09:28,060 --> 00:09:29,400 「善哉!闡陀!我意

大喜，我慶仁者能於梵行人前，

281 00:09:29,400 --> 00:09:30,840  

282 00:09:30,840 --> 00:09:34,320  

283 00:09:34,320 --> 00:09:35,680 無所覆藏，破虛

偽刺。

284 00:09:35,680 --> 00:09:37,580  

285 00:09:37,580 --> 00:09:38,600 闡陀!愚癡凡夫所不能解色無常，受、想、

行、識無常，

286 00:09:38,600 --> 00:09:41,020  

287 00:09:41,020 --> 00:09:42,500  

288 00:09:42,500 --> 00:09:44,240  

289 00:09:44,240 --> 00:09:45,440  一切諸行無常，一切法無我，涅槃

寂滅。

290 00:09:45,440 --> 00:09:46,460  

291 00:09:46,460 --> 00:09:47,760  

292 00:09:47,760 --> 00:09:49,860 汝今堪受勝妙法，汝今諦聽，當為汝說。」】

293 00:09:49,860 --> 00:09:51,640  

294 00:09:52,360 --> 00:09:53,600 这一句话阿难讲了什么

295 00:09:54,940 --> 00:09:56,080 

296 00:09:57,000 --> 00:09:59,260 阿难跟前面比丘讲的还是一样的

297 00:10:00,340 --> 00:10:00,820 

298 00:10:00,820 --> 00:10:03,180 但这里面有一个玄妙性

299 00:10:03,180 --> 00:10:04,300 他说 

300 00:10:04,860 --> 00:10:06,680 善哉！我意

大喜，

301 00:10:06,680 --> 00:10:07,840 这个就是在赞叹说

302 00:10:07,840 --> 00:10:09,940 你现在根基应该还算可以的

303 00:10:09,940 --> 00:10:12,900 但是我就尽我可能跟你解说

304 00:10:12,900 --> 00:10:13,600 他说

305 00:10:13,600 --> 00:10:17,400 【愚癡凡夫所不能解色無常】

306 00:10:18,060 --> 00:10:18,800 意思是说

307 00:10:18,800 --> 00:10:21,380 不是没办法真正了解

308 00:10:21,380 --> 00:10:22,820 什么叫做色无常

309 00:10:22,820 --> 00:10:25,300 所以不是表面上的无常而已

310 00:10:25,300 --> 00:10:27,120 不能解色无常

311 00:10:27,120 --> 00:10:28,640 受、想、行、识无常

312 00:10:28,640 --> 00:10:29,800 一切诸行无常

313 00:10:29,800 --> 00:10:31,460 一切法无我

314 00:10:31,460 --> 00:10:32,440 涅槃 寂灭

315 00:10:32,440 --> 00:10:34,680 汝今堪受勝妙法，汝今諦聽，當為汝說。

316 00:10:34,680 --> 00:10:36,040  

317 00:10:36,680 --> 00:10:37,700 他意思是说

318 00:10:37,700 --> 00:10:39,820 要跟他解释这一句话到底是什么意思

319 00:10:39,820 --> 00:10:41,480 

320 00:10:42,060 --> 00:10:44,420 什么叫做一切色无常

321 00:10:44,420 --> 00:10:46,020 一切受、想无常

322 00:10:46,020 --> 00:10:46,680 然后无我

323 00:10:46,680 --> 00:10:48,340 然后涅槃寂静

324 00:10:48,340 --> 00:10:48,640  

325 00:10:49,900 --> 00:10:51,560 刚刚禅陀是不是说他接受这句话

326 00:10:51,560 --> 00:10:53,360 

327 00:10:53,360 --> 00:10:54,840  

328 00:10:55,360 --> 00:10:56,280  

329 00:10:56,280 --> 00:10:57,780 但是他不想接受什么

330 00:10:58,760 --> 00:11:00,080 一切行空

331 00:11:00,080 --> 00:11:01,640 愛盡、離欲、涅槃。

332 00:11:01,640 --> 00:11:02,160  

333 00:11:02,160 --> 00:11:02,760  

334 00:11:03,360 --> 00:11:05,540 他没办法这样认知

335 00:11:06,860 --> 00:11:08,260 那么阿难说

336 00:11:08,260 --> 00:11:09,180 那我跟你解释

337 00:11:09,180 --> 00:11:10,760 这句话到底是什么意思

338 00:11:10,760 --> 00:11:12,320 它的真实意义是什么

339 00:11:12,320 --> 00:11:14,480 那你看阿难说了什么

340 00:11:15,280 --> 00:11:16,820 阿难与禅陀言

341 00:11:17,360 --> 00:11:17,920  

342 00:11:18,900 --> 00:11:20,140 接下来这一句就是有名的

343 00:11:20,740 --> 00:11:22,580 

344 00:11:22,580 --> 00:11:23,940中道离两边

345 00:11:24,740 --> 00:11:26,620  

346 00:11:28,620 --> 00:11:29,740 这也是我们立中道的一个基本的观念

347 00:11:29,740 --> 00:11:31,760 

348 00:11:31,760 --> 00:11:32,780 

349 00:11:33,240 --> 00:11:34,820 师父以前有叫人家写这个这一句

350 00:11:34,820 --> 00:11:36,020 

351 00:11:36,900 --> 00:11:37,700 但是写一写现在不见了

352 00:11:37,700 --> 00:11:38,320 

353 00:11:38,320 --> 00:11:39,240 不知道跑到哪里去了

354 00:11:39,240 --> 00:11:40,920 忽然间就不见了

355 00:11:40,920 --> 00:11:42,060 真的很奇怪的事情

356 00:11:42,560 --> 00:11:43,640 很大的一张 

357 00:11:43,640 --> 00:11:45,000 但是那时候因为没办法

358 00:11:45,000 --> 00:11:45,940 很大 

359 00:11:45,940 --> 00:11:47,320 没办法表备

360 00:11:47,320 --> 00:11:49,080 所以想说写一写拿到国内去装潢

361 00:11:49,080 --> 00:11:50,480 

362 00:11:50,480 --> 00:11:52,380  表备再寄过来

363 00:11:52,380 --> 00:11:54,500 但是那时候开光很忙

364 00:11:54,500 --> 00:11:55,640 忙了十几天

365 00:11:55,640 --> 00:11:57,280 回来想起来之后

366 00:11:57,280 --> 00:11:58,600 不知道跑到哪里去了

367 00:11:59,160 --> 00:12:00,060 不过也好啦

368 00:12:00,060 --> 00:12:01,060 如果有人请走了那也可以

369 00:12:01,060 --> 00:12:01,640 

370 00:12:02,460 --> 00:12:03,940 你看这一句

371 00:12:03,940 --> 00:12:04,920 你看他怎么说

372 00:12:05,300 --> 00:12:06,720 【阿難語闡陀言:「我親從佛聞，

】

373 00:12:06,720 --> 00:12:08,800  

374 00:12:10,180 --> 00:12:13,260 这个听起来有点感触

375 00:12:13,260 --> 00:12:14,660 因为佛陀已经入灭

376 00:12:16,020 --> 00:12:17,580 然后阿难才说我是亲自听到佛陀这样教导的

377 00:12:17,580 --> 00:12:20,760 

378 00:12:20,760 --> 00:12:22,620 【我親從佛聞，教摩訶迦旃延

言:

379 00:12:22,620 --> 00:12:24,940  

380 00:12:24,940 --> 00:12:25,720 就是说

381 00:12:25,720 --> 00:12:28,840 佛陀在教摩訶迦旃延的时候

382 00:12:28,840 --> 00:12:30,620 阿难在旁边

383 00:12:30,620 --> 00:12:32,680 他说【我親從佛聞，教摩訶迦旃延

言:

384 00:12:32,680 --> 00:12:34,640  

385 00:12:34,640 --> 00:12:35,960  

386 00:12:36,580 --> 00:12:38,440 『世人顛倒依於二邊，若有、若無，】

387 00:12:38,440 --> 00:12:39,640  

388 00:12:39,640 --> 00:12:41,340  

389 00:12:44,300 --> 00:12:46,900 一般我们讲有跟无

390 00:12:46,900 --> 00:12:48,840 要么有就是有

391 00:12:48,840 --> 00:12:50,220 没有就是没有

392 00:12:50,820 --> 00:12:51,680 但是他说

393 00:12:51,680 --> 00:12:52,560 【世人顛倒依於二邊，若有、若無，】

394 00:12:52,560 --> 00:12:53,220  

395 00:12:53,220 --> 00:12:54,020  

396 00:12:54,020 --> 00:12:55,180 也就是说

397 00:12:55,180 --> 00:12:56,640 一般人所说的有跟无

398 00:12:56,640 --> 00:12:58,340 其实是错误的观念

399 00:12:59,520 --> 00:13:00,920 那么什么叫若有若无

400 00:13:00,920 --> 00:13:01,220 他说

401 00:13:01,220 --> 00:13:02,920 【世人取

諸境界，心便計著。

402 00:13:02,920 --> 00:13:04,220  

403 00:13:04,220 --> 00:13:05,140 迦旃延!若不受、不取、不

住、不計於我，

404 00:13:05,140 --> 00:13:07,940  

405 00:13:07,940 --> 00:13:11,840  

406 00:13:11,840 --> 00:13:12,620 此苦生時生、滅時滅。

407 00:13:12,620 --> 00:13:13,660 迦旃延!

於此不疑、不惑、不由於他而能自知，

408 00:13:13,660 --> 00:13:15,860  

409 00:13:15,860 --> 00:13:17,420 是名正見，

如來所說。所以者何?

】

410 00:13:17,420 --> 00:13:19,500  

411 00:13:19,500 --> 00:13:20,120 他说什么

412 00:13:20,660 --> 00:13:21,960 世人 颠倒

413 00:13:21,960 --> 00:13:23,440  

414 00:13:23,440 --> 00:13:25,480 一般世人是取诸境界

415 00:13:25,480 --> 00:13:26,340  

416 00:13:26,340 --> 00:13:27,680 心就执著了

417 00:13:27,680 --> 00:13:28,720 所以认为

418 00:13:28,720 --> 00:13:30,800 有就是常的有

419 00:13:30,800 --> 00:13:32,440 无就是断灭的没有

420 00:13:33,120 --> 00:13:35,180 一般人会有这样的错误的认知

421 00:13:35,180 --> 00:13:36,120 但这是因为一般人是計著有我

422 00:13:36,560 --> 00:13:38,300 

423 00:13:38,300 --> 00:13:39,260 心里的計著

424 00:13:39,260 --> 00:13:40,300 迦旃延

425 00:13:40,300 --> 00:13:42,500 就是佛陀跟迦旃延讲的

426 00:13:42,500 --> 00:13:44,040 所以他叫迦旃延

427 00:13:44,040 --> 00:13:45,340 就呼格

428 00:13:45,860 --> 00:13:46,760 就跟舍利弗什么什么一样

429 00:13:46,760 --> 00:13:48,520 

430 00:13:49,580 --> 00:13:52,800 若不受、不取、不

住、不計於我，

431 00:13:52,800 --> 00:13:54,220 就是说如果无我的话

432 00:13:54,220 --> 00:13:55,140 不再取著

433 00:13:55,140 --> 00:13:56,520 不再执著的话

434 00:13:56,520 --> 00:13:58,140 【此苦生時生、滅時滅。

435 00:13:58,140 --> 00:13:59,700  

436 00:14:00,360 --> 00:14:00,980 迦旃延!

於此不疑、不惑、不由於他而能自知，是名正見，】

437 00:14:00,980 --> 00:14:02,560  

438 00:14:02,560 --> 00:14:03,880 

439 00:14:03,880 --> 00:14:05,000 什么叫生时生、灭时灭？

440 00:14:05,000 --> 00:14:06,000 

441 00:14:06,000 --> 00:14:07,920 苦生起的时候

442 00:14:08,360 --> 00:14:09,040 你就知道他是生起的

443 00:14:09,040 --> 00:14:10,880 

444 00:14:10,880 --> 00:14:11,760  

445 00:14:11,760 --> 00:14:13,000 你会说有说没有

446 00:14:13,740 --> 00:14:15,480 灭时就灭了

447 00:14:15,480 --> 00:14:17,460 苦灭的时候就是灭了

448 00:14:17,460 --> 00:14:19,320 你不会苦明明灭了还说他有

449 00:14:19,880 --> 00:14:20,580 这样了解吗

450 00:14:20,580 --> 00:14:22,240 所以有的就说有

451 00:14:22,240 --> 00:14:23,860 没有的就说没有

452 00:14:24,400 --> 00:14:25,840 有的就认知有

453 00:14:25,840 --> 00:14:27,660 没有的就认知到没有

454 00:14:28,380 --> 00:14:30,860 但这又是什么意思呢

455 00:14:31,740 --> 00:14:33,520  

456 00:14:33,520 --> 00:14:34,340  我们来看一下

457 00:14:35,520 --> 00:14:36,380 【迦旃延!如實正觀世間集者，則不生世間無見，】

458 00:14:36,380 --> 00:14:38,900  

459 00:14:38,900 --> 00:14:40,560  

460 00:14:42,660 --> 00:14:44,180 正观世间集

461 00:14:45,280 --> 00:14:47,440 什么叫世间集

462 00:14:51,020 --> 00:14:52,720 其实世间集就是缘起的流转

463 00:14:52,720 --> 00:14:54,320 

464 00:14:54,320 --> 00:14:58,140 苦集不断的轮回相生

465 00:14:58,140 --> 00:14:59,760 这个叫做世间集

466 00:14:59,760 --> 00:15:02,000 记得什么叫世间吗

467 00:15:02,000 --> 00:15:02,720 在阿含经

468 00:15:02,720 --> 00:15:03,620 这个是杂阿含的

469 00:15:03,620 --> 00:15:05,640 杂阿含里面什么叫世间

470 00:15:07,620 --> 00:15:09,380 五蕴身心世间

471 00:15:09,380 --> 00:15:10,040  

472 00:15:10,440 --> 00:15:11,620 那么所谓的世间集

473 00:15:11,620 --> 00:15:12,280  

474 00:15:12,900 --> 00:15:16,240 就是我们这个身心是怎么来的

475 00:15:16,960 --> 00:15:18,340 就是世间集

476 00:15:18,340 --> 00:15:19,280  

477 00:15:19,280 --> 00:15:20,400 这个五蕴身心是怎么循环流转的

478 00:15:20,400 --> 00:15:23,040 

479 00:15:23,040 --> 00:15:24,120 缘起的流转

480 00:15:24,120 --> 00:15:25,400 是怎么不断的生

481 00:15:25,400 --> 00:15:27,060 不断的生生世世这样一直轮回

482 00:15:27,060 --> 00:15:27,880 

483 00:15:27,880 --> 00:15:29,580 这样一直不断的存在的

484 00:15:29,580 --> 00:15:31,320 是依十二因缘的流转

485 00:15:31,320 --> 00:15:32,500 由无明而行

486 00:15:32,500 --> 00:15:33,460 不断的这样子

487 00:15:33,460 --> 00:15:35,280 那么到了 老、死之后

488 00:15:35,280 --> 00:15:36,360  

489 00:15:36,360 --> 00:15:37,700 由于造业

490 00:15:37,700 --> 00:15:38,720 由于有烦恼

491 00:15:38,720 --> 00:15:39,640 造业又润身

492 00:15:39,640 --> 00:15:40,560 又来轮回

493 00:15:40,560 --> 00:15:42,080 这个叫做世间集

494 00:15:42,080 --> 00:15:43,580 那么这样子的话

495 00:15:43,580 --> 00:15:45,220 <nowiki><u>则不生世间无见</u></nowiki>

496 00:15:45,220 --> 00:15:47,020 所以你要清楚明白

497 00:15:47,020 --> 00:15:48,300 我们身心生命不断的这样轮回

498 00:15:48,300 --> 00:15:49,360 

499 00:15:49,360 --> 00:15:50,840 它的原因到底是什么

500 00:15:51,300 --> 00:15:53,100 而且这样的循环轮回

501 00:15:53,100 --> 00:15:54,680 不断的是有的

502 00:15:55,600 --> 00:15:57,200 就是世间的实相

503 00:15:57,200 --> 00:15:58,880 你不能去否定它

504 00:15:59,460 --> 00:16:00,380 不能说它没有

505 00:16:00,380 --> 00:16:02,520 但是你要正确的认识

506 00:16:02,520 --> 00:16:03,540 它是怎么有的

507 00:16:03,540 --> 00:16:04,400 这个叫做什么

508 00:16:05,720 --> 00:16:07,240 【正觀世間集者，則不生世間無見】

509 00:16:07,240 --> 00:16:09,420  

510 00:16:09,420 --> 00:16:10,380 你就不会去否定我们生死的轮回

511 00:16:10,380 --> 00:16:11,440 

512 00:16:12,320 --> 00:16:14,220 【如實正觀世間滅，則不生世間有見。】

513 00:16:14,220 --> 00:16:16,360 

514 00:16:17,020 --> 00:16:18,500 什么叫世间灭

515 00:16:23,300 --> 00:16:24,860 此无故彼无

516 00:16:26,400 --> 00:16:27,900 那接下来呢

517 00:16:30,020 --> 00:16:31,300 此灭故彼灭

518 00:16:31,300 --> 00:16:32,700 然后接下来呢

519 00:16:32,700 --> 00:16:34,660 它是还灭

520 00:16:35,380 --> 00:16:37,160 之前是讲流转

521 00:16:37,160 --> 00:16:38,160 此无故彼无

522 00:16:38,160 --> 00:16:38,880 也就是有无明则有行

523 00:16:38,880 --> 00:16:40,120 

524 00:16:40,120 --> 00:16:42,000 这叫此无故彼无

525 00:16:42,000 --> 00:16:43,560 此有故彼有

526 00:16:44,140 --> 00:16:45,260 那此无故彼无

527 00:16:45,260 --> 00:16:46,120 此灭故彼灭

528 00:16:46,120 --> 00:16:47,400 接下来是讲什么

529 00:16:47,860 --> 00:16:48,880 讲还灭的

530 00:16:48,880 --> 00:16:52,920 讲无无明则无行

531 00:16:53,660 --> 00:16:54,940 那么接下来就是纯大苦聚集灭

532 00:16:54,940 --> 00:16:56,320 

533 00:16:56,320 --> 00:16:59,340 这个叫做世间灭

534 00:16:59,340 --> 00:16:59,840 这样了解

535 00:16:59,840 --> 00:17:02,200 那这样已经告诉你的是什么

536 00:17:02,200 --> 00:17:04,060 有，是真的流转

537 00:17:04,060 --> 00:17:06,680 那你正确认识无常无我

538 00:17:06,680 --> 00:17:09,160 就会达到世间的还灭

539 00:17:09,160 --> 00:17:10,700 那世间的还灭

540 00:17:10,700 --> 00:17:12,740 确实是如此的

541 00:17:12,740 --> 00:17:15,320 只要你能够满足它的条件

542 00:17:15,320 --> 00:17:16,920 也就是灭了无明

543 00:17:16,920 --> 00:17:18,540 那到最后就怎么样

544 00:17:19,920 --> 00:17:21,560 就生老病死纯大苦聚集灭

545 00:17:21,560 --> 00:17:22,760 

546 00:17:22,760 --> 00:17:25,860 这不就是愛盡、離欲、涅槃了吗

547 00:17:26,440 --> 00:17:28,160 这样各位了解吗

548 00:17:28,160 --> 00:17:28,960 所以这个就是

549 00:17:28,960 --> 00:17:33,640 那个 阿难跟那个闡陀

讲的

550 00:17:34,160 --> 00:17:36,660 所以如果世间灭

551 00:17:36,660 --> 00:17:39,720 也就是说生死灭了

552 00:17:39,720 --> 00:17:40,960 你就不能生

553 00:17:40,960 --> 00:17:42,580 你就要正确的认识它

554 00:17:42,580 --> 00:17:44,400 它是灭了

555 00:17:44,400 --> 00:17:46,100 不会再起，灭了之后

556 00:17:46,100 --> 00:17:47,560 还是在这个世间

557 00:17:47,560 --> 00:17:51,100 有无、非有非无、亦有亦无

558 00:17:51,100 --> 00:17:52,220 这样的一些认知

559 00:17:53,260 --> 00:17:54,160 【迦旃延!如 來離於二邊，說於中道，

560 00:17:54,160 --> 00:17:55,920  

561 00:17:55,920 --> 00:17:58,820  

562 00:17:58,820 --> 00:18:00,380  

563 00:18:00,380 --> 00:18:02,440 所謂此有故彼有，此生 故彼生，謂緣無明有行，

564 00:18:02,440 --> 00:18:03,560  

565 00:18:03,560 --> 00:18:04,120  

566 00:18:04,900 --> 00:18:06,800 乃至生、老、病、死、 憂、悲、惱、苦集;】

567 00:18:06,800 --> 00:18:09,160  

568 00:18:10,360 --> 00:18:12,140 这个叫做世间集

569 00:18:12,880 --> 00:18:14,680 【所謂此無故彼無，此滅故彼 滅，謂無明滅則行滅，

570 00:18:14,680 --> 00:18:15,660  

571 00:18:15,660 --> 00:18:17,300 

572 00:18:17,300 --> 00:18:19,720 乃至生、老、病、死、憂、 悲、惱、苦滅。』」(雜262)】

573 00:18:19,720 --> 00:18:21,340 这个叫做世间灭

574 00:18:21,900 --> 00:18:25,120 这个就是爱尽、离欲、涅槃

575 00:18:25,120 --> 00:18:27,020  

576 00:18:28,020 --> 00:18:32,100 这个就是阿难对闡陀的解说

577 00:18:32,100 --> 00:18:33,760  

578 00:18:35,580 --> 00:18:37,020 这个经之后

579 00:18:37,020 --> 00:18:37,960  

580 00:18:39,100 --> 00:18:41,340 还有后面的故事

581 00:18:41,340 --> 00:18:42,480 接下来的故事

582 00:18:42,480 --> 00:18:46,340 当然就是照一般的情节下去走

583 00:18:46,340 --> 00:18:48,580 一般的情节下去走是怎么样

584 00:18:50,900 --> 00:18:53,600 闡陀后来终于悟解了

585 00:18:53,600 --> 00:18:56,740 一切行无常的真实义到底是什么

586 00:18:56,740 --> 00:18:58,680 不是表面上的说这无常变化这样而已

587 00:18:58,680 --> 00:19:00,120 

588 00:19:00,120 --> 00:19:03,040 而是在法理上真实的认知到什么

589 00:19:03,040 --> 00:19:04,280 此有故彼有

590 00:19:04,280 --> 00:19:05,460 此生故彼生

591 00:19:06,020 --> 00:19:07,380 缘无明而有行

592 00:19:07,380 --> 00:19:09,160 纯大苦聚集

593 00:19:10,280 --> 00:19:11,580 此无故彼无

594 00:19:11,580 --> 00:19:12,760 此灭故彼灭

595 00:19:13,440 --> 00:19:14,840 无明灭则行灭

596 00:19:14,840 --> 00:19:17,460 最后就是纯大苦聚灭

597 00:19:17,460 --> 00:19:19,760 也就是到最后你真的认知它

598 00:19:19,760 --> 00:19:20,880 然后去实践了

599 00:19:20,880 --> 00:19:23,520 就到最后的爱尽、离欲、涅槃

600 00:19:24,280 --> 00:19:26,520 这是阿难这样跟他讲的

601 00:19:26,520 --> 00:19:28,820 这就是佛教最深的地方

602 00:19:28,820 --> 00:19:31,440 也就是说对于生死的流转你要正确的认识

603 00:19:31,440 --> 00:19:32,660 

604 00:19:33,200 --> 00:19:34,640 是怎么样来的

605 00:19:34,640 --> 00:19:36,720 我们这个身心生命是怎样来的

606 00:19:36,720 --> 00:19:38,020 然后它是无常变化

607 00:19:38,020 --> 00:19:39,300 是怎么样的无常变化

608 00:19:39,300 --> 00:19:42,840 还有如果你达到了满足它的条件

609 00:19:42,840 --> 00:19:43,920 把无明灭了

610 00:19:43,920 --> 00:19:44,680 它就怎么样

611 00:19:44,680 --> 00:19:46,240 纯大苦聚灭

612 00:19:46,820 --> 00:19:50,400 就不是只是在谈表面上的问题而已

613 00:19:51,440 --> 00:19:54,140 那么这个地方师父谈到一个事情

614 00:19:56,100 --> 00:19:57,340 就是说你看 

615 00:19:57,340 --> 00:19:59,500 

616 00:20:00,060 --> 00:20:01,020 如果你不了解的话

617 00:20:01,020 --> 00:20:02,000 你为什么说谈一谈

618 00:20:02,000 --> 00:20:03,360 讲一讲一切行无常

619 00:20:03,360 --> 00:20:04,280 讲到最后为什么

620 00:20:05,100 --> 00:20:07,860 又谈到了缘起的流转跟还灭

621 00:20:09,780 --> 00:20:12,180 其实 师父刚刚有讲过一句话

622 00:20:17,120 --> 00:20:17,920 缘起的三相

623 00:20:19,480 --> 00:20:19,980  

624 00:20:19,980 --> 00:20:21,080 

625 00:20:23,040 --> 00:20:23,780 无常、无我、寂灭涅槃

626 00:20:25,860 --> 00:20:26,700  

627 00:20:28,420 --> 00:20:29,360  

628 00:20:29,360 --> 00:20:30,040  

629 00:20:32,580 --> 00:20:34,100 为什么一定要说

630 00:20:34,100 --> 00:20:37,820 无常无我还有涅槃是缘起的三相呢

631 00:20:42,300 --> 00:20:45,060 你们应该如果有考虑到或想过

632 00:20:45,060 --> 00:20:46,560 应该也想过一件事情

633 00:20:46,560 --> 00:20:49,420 如果一个不是佛教徒（的人）

634 00:20:49,420 --> 00:20:51,260 他不了解缘起

635 00:20:51,260 --> 00:20:53,420 他没有听过缘起法的

636 00:20:54,520 --> 00:20:55,800 你跟他讲无常

637 00:20:56,500 --> 00:20:58,080 他可能会认为是的

638 00:20:59,440 --> 00:21:00,480 他很容易说是啊都在变化

639 00:21:00,480 --> 00:21:01,420 

640 00:21:01,420 --> 00:21:02,400 但问题是他说都在变化

641 00:21:02,400 --> 00:21:04,000 

642 00:21:04,000 --> 00:21:05,500 他可能会有两件事情 

643 00:21:06,860 --> 00:21:08,120 是错误的认知

644 00:21:08,120 --> 00:21:09,440 或是有些人两件事情

645 00:21:09,440 --> 00:21:10,980 可能他的认知的无常变化

646 00:21:10,980 --> 00:21:12,400 是错误的无常变化

647 00:21:12,400 --> 00:21:12,720 第一个

648 00:21:13,480 --> 00:21:14,800 他会认为说

649 00:21:14,800 --> 00:21:15,780 是啊，都在变化

650 00:21:15,780 --> 00:21:16,320 问题是

651 00:21:17,040 --> 00:21:19,080 在变化的现象当下

652 00:21:19,080 --> 00:21:20,620 下面更深的

653 00:21:20,620 --> 00:21:22,180 会不会有一个不变化的东西

654 00:21:24,560 --> 00:21:24,920  

655 00:21:24,920 --> 00:21:26,920 因为无常变化是大家都看得到

656 00:21:26,920 --> 00:21:29,680 也可以相对看得到

657 00:21:29,680 --> 00:21:30,820   想得到的

658 00:21:31,320 --> 00:21:32,640 但是他可能会认为说

659 00:21:32,640 --> 00:21:33,660 对啊，这是表面而已

660 00:21:34,120 --> 00:21:35,920 但是不管是外在的或内在的

661 00:21:35,920 --> 00:21:37,460 可能会有一个不变的东西

662 00:21:39,300 --> 00:21:42,160 比如说谈上谛创造万物的

663 00:21:42,520 --> 00:21:44,600 你去问这些其他宗教

664 00:21:44,600 --> 00:21:47,080 比如说基督教什么教得好

665 00:21:47,600 --> 00:21:49,120 你跟他讲世间都在变化

666 00:21:49,120 --> 00:21:50,280 他是不是也承认

667 00:21:50,780 --> 00:21:51,220  

668 00:21:52,460 --> 00:21:54,300 但是他会告诉你说

669 00:21:54,300 --> 00:21:56,560 这些变化都是上谛在创造的

670 00:21:57,940 --> 00:22:00,860 

671 00:22:00,860 --> 00:22:02,500 所以这些都是变化的

672 00:22:02,500 --> 00:22:04,360 但是有一个不变的东西

673 00:22:04,360 --> 00:22:05,580 那就是上谛

674 00:22:07,180 --> 00:22:07,620  

675 00:22:07,620 --> 00:22:10,000  当然他这种无常

676 00:22:10,000 --> 00:22:12,640 就不是佛教讲真实的无常

677 00:22:12,640 --> 00:22:14,920 他只是认为表面变化的无常

678 00:22:14,920 --> 00:22:16,220 这是无常相

679 00:22:16,220 --> 00:22:17,680 但是没有达到无常性

680 00:22:19,000 --> 00:22:19,640  

681 00:22:20,220 --> 00:22:20,940 还有第二个

682 00:22:21,680 --> 00:22:22,700  

683 00:22:22,700 --> 00:22:23,220 以前

684 00:22:25,020 --> 00:22:26,160 你跟他讲无常的时候

685 00:22:26,160 --> 00:22:27,980 他会变成是一切都是无常

686 00:22:28,600 --> 00:22:29,840 

687 00:22:29,840 --> 00:22:31,060 既然一切都是无常

688 00:22:31,060 --> 00:22:33,140 就是一切的不可知性

689 00:22:35,600 --> 00:22:37,080 什么叫一切的不可知性

690 00:22:38,820 --> 00:22:39,740 他会跟你说

691 00:22:39,740 --> 00:22:41,100 那一切都是变化

692 00:22:41,100 --> 00:22:42,420 那我现在努力干什么

693 00:22:44,020 --> 00:22:44,380  

694 00:22:44,380 --> 00:22:45,740 我现在努力赚钱

695 00:22:45,740 --> 00:22:47,160 明天就都被拿走

696 00:22:47,160 --> 00:22:49,220 那我那么努力干什么

697 00:22:49,220 --> 00:22:49,500  

698 00:22:49,940 --> 00:22:51,000 他会认为一切都是无因无缘的

699 00:22:51,000 --> 00:22:53,140 

700 00:22:53,140 --> 00:22:54,600 反正他要发生就发生

701 00:22:55,860 --> 00:22:57,820 所以到最后会有一些理论说

702 00:22:58,360 --> 00:22:59,840 有一些人有钱 

703 00:23:00,700 --> 00:23:02,120 有一些人会变得有钱

704 00:23:03,580 --> 00:23:04,420  

705 00:23:06,660 --> 00:23:08,360 你没有听过这样的一个理论

706 00:23:08,880 --> 00:23:10,000 他做很多实验

707 00:23:10,000 --> 00:23:10,920 然后告诉你

708 00:23:10,920 --> 00:23:13,620 而且是用电脑下去模拟的实验

709 00:23:13,620 --> 00:23:14,740 他会告诉你

710 00:23:14,740 --> 00:23:16,360 有些人变得有钱

711 00:23:16,360 --> 00:23:18,340 或是有些人成功了

712 00:23:19,320 --> 00:23:21,360 完全是机缘的问题

713 00:23:22,420 --> 00:23:24,320  

714 00:23:25,360 --> 00:23:27,080 你们有听过这样的理论吗

715 00:23:27,080 --> 00:23:27,740  

716 00:23:27,740 --> 00:23:28,860  

717 00:23:28,860 --> 00:23:30,200  

718 00:23:30,200 --> 00:23:31,720 比如说他设定一千个人

719 00:23:32,180 --> 00:23:36,140 然后用了一套电脑的程式

720 00:23:37,980 --> 00:23:39,040 

721 00:23:39,040 --> 00:23:40,320 然后就去试验

722 00:23:40,320 --> 00:23:41,540 说这一千个人

723 00:23:41,540 --> 00:23:43,460 比如说他遇到了一个好的机缘

724 00:23:43,860 --> 00:23:44,620 

725 00:23:44,620 --> 00:23:46,960 他就把这个人的credit加1

726 00:23:47,520 --> 00:23:48,560 遇到了不好的机缘

727 00:23:48,560 --> 00:23:50,460 就把这个人的credit减1

728 00:23:50,460 --> 00:23:52,680 然后每个人先给他十个credit

729 00:23:53,060 --> 00:23:53,680  

730 00:23:53,680 --> 00:23:55,880 然后就去弄弄弄弄

731 00:23:56,340 --> 00:23:56,700  

732 00:23:57,560 --> 00:23:59,100 发现每一个人都有一个记号

733 00:23:59,100 --> 00:24:00,020 他发现

734 00:24:01,120 --> 00:24:03,080 所有人之所以会到最后成功

735 00:24:03,080 --> 00:24:04,800 会变有钱，都是机缘的问题

736 00:24:06,300 --> 00:24:07,240 那这样机缘问题

737 00:24:07,240 --> 00:24:08,360 会不会产生一个问题

738 00:24:08,360 --> 00:24:11,140 他是不是何以无常相

739 00:24:12,900 --> 00:24:14,280  

740 00:24:14,280 --> 00:24:16,000 但这样会变成一种

741 00:24:16,700 --> 00:24:18,080 什么都是不确定性

742 00:24:18,080 --> 00:24:18,940 你再努力

743 00:24:18,940 --> 00:24:20,760 你机缘不好都没有用

744 00:24:21,760 --> 00:24:22,580 这样了解吗

745 00:24:23,200 --> 00:24:24,380 所以为什么说

746 00:24:24,840 --> 00:24:26,160 我们谈无常的时候

747 00:24:26,160 --> 00:24:27,880 不能只是生命

748 00:24:27,880 --> 00:24:30,840 不能只是不可预知的变化而已

749 00:24:31,380 --> 00:24:32,380 佛教讲无常

750 00:24:32,380 --> 00:24:33,660 可不是讲一切不可预知的变化

751 00:24:33,660 --> 00:24:35,140 

752 00:24:35,780 --> 00:24:38,340  佛在讲无常的时候

753 00:24:39,140 --> 00:24:42,080 他是基于什么在讲无常的

754 00:24:43,780 --> 00:24:46,620 基于缘起法则在讲无常的

755 00:24:47,440 --> 00:24:48,420 这样了解吗

756 00:24:48,420 --> 00:24:50,540 基于缘起法则在讲无常的

757 00:24:51,140 --> 00:24:52,400 而且他更进一步

758 00:24:52,400 --> 00:24:54,340 是回到我们这个身心生命的缘起 在讲无常的

759 00:24:54,340 --> 00:24:56,300 

760 00:24:56,300 --> 00:24:57,440

761 00:24:59,100 --> 00:25:01,880 因为我们不了解无常法性

762 00:25:01,880 --> 00:25:03,880 所以会执著为我

763 00:25:03,880 --> 00:25:05,140 这样了解吗

764 00:25:05,140 --> 00:25:07,520 然后才会产生痛苦

765 00:25:07,520 --> 00:25:09,760 所以他是有因有缘的

766 00:25:10,340 --> 00:25:12,280 不是无因无缘的

767 00:25:12,280 --> 00:25:14,020 所以佛教讲的缘起无常

768 00:25:14,020 --> 00:25:16,540 是在缘起的法则下，因果条件下而谈无常

769 00:25:16,540 --> 00:25:19,380 

770 00:25:19,380 --> 00:25:20,480 

771 00:25:21,480 --> 00:25:24,600 不是只是谈泛泛的无常

772 00:25:24,600 --> 00:25:26,240 而变成<nowiki><u>不可预知性</u></nowiki>

773 00:25:27,080 --> 00:25:28,040 这样了解吗

774 00:25:28,040 --> 00:25:30,100 那在这个状况之下

775 00:25:30,100 --> 00:25:35,740 变成一个东西的产生

776 00:25:35,740 --> 00:25:37,140 一定有他的 因缘的道理

777 00:25:37,720 --> 00:25:39,280 

778 00:25:40,920 --> 00:25:42,040 这样了解吗

779 00:25:42,040 --> 00:25:44,700 只是说我们可以掌控大部分的很多的

780 00:25:44,700 --> 00:25:46,220 

781 00:25:46,220 --> 00:25:48,580 看个人的能力跟你的认知

782 00:25:48,580 --> 00:25:50,960 你可以掌握很多的条件跟他的因

783 00:25:50,960 --> 00:25:51,780 

784 00:25:51,780 --> 00:25:53,760 但是有些因跟条件

785 00:25:53,760 --> 00:25:55,140 你可能没办法掌控的

786 00:25:55,140 --> 00:25:56,360 这样了解吗

787 00:25:56,360 --> 00:25:58,260 所以可能产生的结果

788 00:25:58,260 --> 00:26:00,620 <nowiki><u>并不是完全你可以预期的</u></nowiki>

789 00:26:00,620 --> 00:26:02,600 但是他不会乱跑的

790 00:26:03,580 --> 00:26:05,080 这样了解吗

791 00:26:05,080 --> 00:26:06,480 有没有这样了解

792 00:26:06,480 --> 00:26:07,260 有没有什么问题

793 00:26:08,200 --> 00:26:09,780 那么进一步来谈

794 00:26:09,780 --> 00:26:12,760 我们这个身心生命的轮回

795 00:26:12,760 --> 00:26:13,660  

796 00:26:13,660 --> 00:26:16,380 生死的轮回有他的因跟缘的

797 00:26:16,380 --> 00:26:18,440 所以是可以去处理的

798 00:26:19,220 --> 00:26:20,000 不然的话

799 00:26:20,000 --> 00:26:21,320 你如果只是无常性的话

800 00:26:21,320 --> 00:26:23,600 变成说他无因无缘的

801 00:26:24,220 --> 00:26:25,920 那我怎么去断烦恼呢

802 00:26:26,480 --> 00:26:27,580 我怎么去解决 我身心生命的无常变化问题呢

803 00:26:27,580 --> 00:26:30,140

804 00:26:31,060 --> 00:26:32,200 这样各位了解吗

805 00:26:32,200 --> 00:26:34,520 所以你如果把无常无我

806 00:26:34,520 --> 00:26:37,800 立足在缘起的此故彼上面

807 00:26:37,800 --> 00:26:40,740 才不会变成一切的不可知性

808 00:26:40,740 --> 00:26:43,120 其实这种一切的不可知性

809 00:26:43,120 --> 00:26:44,980 在 佛陀时代

810 00:26:45,500 --> 00:26:48,960 其中的很多外道是这样认为的

811 00:26:50,280 --> 00:26:51,340  

812 00:26:51,340 --> 00:26:55,080 那这个只是在无常相上去看而已

813 00:26:55,080 --> 00:26:56,620  无常相上去看

814 00:26:56,620 --> 00:26:58,320 你却可以看到很多都是在变化

815 00:26:58,320 --> 00:26:59,720 但是你不知道他背后的原因到底是什么

816 00:26:59,720 --> 00:27:00,620 

817 00:27:00,620 --> 00:27:02,720 那佛陀是告诉我们说

818 00:27:02,720 --> 00:27:03,900 无常变化的相

819 00:27:03,900 --> 00:27:05,180 你是可以观察的

820 00:27:05,180 --> 00:27:07,320 但是你要知道他背后的缘起

821 00:27:07,320 --> 00:27:08,740 因缘条件到底是什么

822 00:27:08,740 --> 00:27:12,040 而可以让我们的轮回生死不断的循环

823 00:27:12,920 --> 00:27:14,000 

824 00:27:14,000 --> 00:27:15,520 然后可以达到他的什么

825 00:27:15,520 --> 00:27:17,100 流转跟还灭

826 00:27:18,440 --> 00:27:19,660 这样各位了解吗

827 00:27:19,660 --> 00:27:23,620 所以当我们说一切无常

828 00:27:23,620 --> 00:27:25,820 不能只是一切无常

829 00:27:25,820 --> 00:27:28,780 不能只是观察现象上的变化

830 00:27:28,780 --> 00:27:30,540 是现象上的变化

831 00:27:30,540 --> 00:27:31,500 可以让我们去感受去认知

832 00:27:32,060 --> 00:27:33,760 

833 00:27:33,760 --> 00:27:36,160 但是基本上你要学佛

834 00:27:36,160 --> 00:27:38,440 你还是要从缘起上

835 00:27:39,100 --> 00:27:42,100 去到达到法理的真实无常

836 00:27:42,840 --> 00:27:45,640 你这样才能真正的由无常苦而达到无我

837 00:27:45,640 --> 00:27:46,740 

838 00:27:46,740 --> 00:27:48,580 最后才能涅槃寂静

839 00:27:49,520 --> 00:27:51,620 这样大概了解吗

840 00:27:54,220 --> 00:27:55,820 那么进一步我们来看

841 00:27:56,980 --> 00:27:58,740 不然很多人都可以讲无常

842 00:27:59,620 --> 00:28:01,400 但是他不是真实了解无常

843 00:28:01,400 --> 00:28:03,080 你不信你看不学佛的

844 00:28:03,540 --> 00:28:04,600 你跟他讲说

845 00:28:04,600 --> 00:28:06,160 我们这个世界是无常的变化

846 00:28:06,160 --> 00:28:06,960 

847 00:28:07,620 --> 00:28:08,740 他也是跟你说是

848 00:28:10,800 --> 00:28:11,760 稍微会观察

849 00:28:11,760 --> 00:28:12,460 他也跟你说是

850 00:28:12,460 --> 00:28:13,620 但是他有没有办法

851 00:28:13,620 --> 00:28:15,580 从无常悟到苦

852 00:28:15,580 --> 00:28:16,440 悟到无我

853 00:28:16,440 --> 00:28:17,240 没办法

854 00:28:17,760 --> 00:28:20,020 因为他不知道无常的法性

855 00:28:20,020 --> 00:28:21,640 他只知道无常的相

856 00:28:21,640 --> 00:28:23,140 他不知道无常的法性

857 00:28:23,140 --> 00:28:24,260 那无常法性必须立足在缘起的什么样

858 00:28:24,260 --> 00:28:26,340 

859 00:28:26,340 --> 00:28:26,980 此故彼

860 00:28:26,980 --> 00:28:29,100 不管是生的灭的

861 00:28:29,100 --> 00:28:31,120 必须在此故彼上面来谈

862 00:28:33,280 --> 00:28:33,700  

863 00:28:35,120 --> 00:28:36,040 看一下白话

864 00:28:38,060 --> 00:28:38,900 这个是 刚刚这一句的白话

865 00:28:39,800 --> 00:28:40,720  

866 00:28:40,720 --> 00:28:42,780 

867 00:28:44,560 --> 00:28:46,280【 阿難告訴闡陀說:「我親自聽到佛是這麼教導 大迦旃延:

868 00:28:46,280 --> 00:28:49,260  

869 00:28:49,260 --> 00:28:50,940  

870 00:28:50,940 --> 00:28:54,020 『世間人都是顛倒而執取兩邊，實有 或實無。】

871 00:28:54,020 --> 00:28:55,640  

872 00:28:56,980 --> 00:28:58,820 这是刚刚那句的白话

873 00:28:59,560 --> 00:29:01,280 【世間人對所見的一切，內心生起執著， 

874 00:29:01,280 --> 00:29:02,500  

875 00:29:02,500 --> 00:29:03,280 所以要嘛執有或則執無。

876 00:29:03,740 --> 00:29:05,340  

877 00:29:05,340 --> 00:29:06,120 迦旃延! 如果不執受、不 執取、不執著、不執著有我，

878 00:29:06,120 --> 00:29:07,700  

879 00:29:07,700 --> 00:29:08,760  

880 00:29:08,760 --> 00:29:09,420  

881 00:29:09,420 --> 00:29:10,920  

882 00:29:10,920 --> 00:29:12,840 苦生時確知其苦， 苦滅時也確知其滅。

883 00:29:12,840 --> 00:29:13,460  

884 00:29:13,460 --> 00:29:15,540  

885 00:29:15,540 --> 00:29:16,280  

886 00:29:16,280 --> 00:29:17,540 什么叫苦生

887 00:29:18,120 --> 00:29:19,360 此有故彼有

888 00:29:19,360 --> 00:29:20,800 什么叫苦灭

889 00:29:20,800 --> 00:29:22,620 此无故彼无

890 00:29:22,620 --> 00:29:22,920  

891 00:29:23,540 --> 00:29:24,720 然后也知道其灭

892 00:29:24,720 --> 00:29:25,960 【迦旃延!對於苦的生與滅，沒 有疑惑、不被迷惑，

893 00:29:25,960 --> 00:29:27,700  

894 00:29:27,700 --> 00:29:28,940  

895 00:29:28,940 --> 00:29:29,900  

896 00:29:29,900 --> 00:29:31,040 自己能清楚明白而不受他人 影響，

897 00:29:31,040 --> 00:29:32,300  

898 00:29:32,300 --> 00:29:33,560這就是正見，就是如來所說的正法。】

899 00:29:33,560 --> 00:29:35,040  

900 00:29:35,040 --> 00:29:36,860 他意思就是告诉什么

901 00:29:36,860 --> 00:29:38,820 缘起的流转跟还灭

902 00:29:38,820 --> 00:29:39,780 还有什么

903 00:29:39,780 --> 00:29:40,360  

904 00:29:40,360 --> 00:29:42,020 缘起的此故彼

905 00:29:42,380 --> 00:29:44,260 那这个如果你清楚明白

906 00:29:44,260 --> 00:29:46,000 那么对于生死轮回是怎么来的

907 00:29:46,000 --> 00:29:48,640 

908 00:29:48,640 --> 00:29:49,900 你清楚明白掌握

909 00:29:49,900 --> 00:29:52,240 那么生死轮回怎么来的明白掌握

910 00:29:52,240 --> 00:29:52,900 

911 00:29:52,900 --> 00:29:54,080 你就知道佛陀告诉你的道

912 00:29:54,700 --> 00:29:56,020 

913 00:29:56,020 --> 00:29:58,300  应该从哪里下手

914 00:29:58,300 --> 00:29:59,820 然后灭了无明之后

915 00:29:59,820 --> 00:30:02,080 就会把这一系列的生死状况给解除了

916 00:30:02,080 --> 00:30:03,060 

917 00:30:03,060 --> 00:30:05,360 这个理也会清楚明白

918 00:30:05,360 --> 00:30:08,040 这个就叫做出世正见

919 00:30:08,040 --> 00:30:10,660 就是缘起四圣谛的正见

920 00:30:11,340 --> 00:30:12,520 那缘起四圣谛都是立足在此故彼的法则上

921 00:30:12,520 --> 00:30:14,800 

922 00:30:15,780 --> 00:30:17,200 讲到这里可以吗

923 00:30:17,200 --> 00:30:18,260 有没有什么问题

924 00:30:22,800 --> 00:30:23,280  

925 00:30:23,800 --> 00:30:24,620 智雷有拍

926 00:30:24,620 --> 00:30:25,600 你拍的

927 00:30:25,600 --> 00:30:27,920 这个我们网络上都有

928 00:30:29,700 --> 00:30:30,180 再来

929 00:30:30,740 --> 00:30:31,620 【為什麼呢?迦旃延!如來離「有」、

930 00:30:31,620 --> 00:30:35,960 「無」兩

邊而教導中道。

931 00:30:35,960 --> 00:30:39,760 若能如實正確觀察世間生死的輪

迴，

932 00:30:39,760 --> 00:30:43,660 就不会否认生死无尽轮回的存在

933 00:30:43,660 --> 00:30:44,200 有没有看到

934 00:30:45,180 --> 00:30:47,480 因为你确认到生死轮回

935 00:30:47,480 --> 00:30:49,700 就不会否认生死轮回的存在

936 00:30:51,100 --> 00:30:55,080 一般人很多会否认生死轮回

937 00:30:56,000 --> 00:30:56,840 会认为我们这辈子就是这辈子

938 00:30:57,590 --> 00:30:59,660 

939 00:30:59,660 --> 00:31:00,540 死了 就一了百了

940 00:31:01,620 --> 00:31:03,220

941 00:31:03,860 --> 00:31:04,360  

942 00:31:05,300 --> 00:31:06,520 如果遇到日子很好过的

943 00:31:07,200 --> 00:31:08,760 

944 00:31:10,140 --> 00:31:11,120 富二代的、有钱的

945 00:31:11,120 --> 00:31:12,020 

946 00:31:12,020 --> 00:31:12,920 不想死

947 00:31:14,460 --> 00:31:14,900 为什么

948 00:31:15,660 --> 00:31:16,680 日子那么好过

949 00:31:16,680 --> 00:31:18,300 我怎么会想死

950 00:31:18,300 --> 00:31:19,360 所以就不想死

951 00:31:19,360 --> 00:31:20,460 那不想死

952 00:31:20,460 --> 00:31:22,460 也就是不了解轮回

953 00:31:23,020 --> 00:31:23,720 有些呢

954 00:31:23,720 --> 00:31:24,560 日子不好过

955 00:31:25,700 --> 00:31:26,720 工作也没了

956 00:31:26,720 --> 00:31:27,760 亲人也离开了

957 00:31:27,760 --> 00:31:29,080 又生病了

958 00:31:29,080 --> 00:31:30,000  

959 00:31:30,000 --> 00:31:31,780 然后对这个世间万念俱灰

960 00:31:31,780 --> 00:31:32,740 就想死

961 00:31:32,740 --> 00:31:35,620 就会觉得死了一了百了

962 00:31:35,620 --> 00:31:38,260 那这些都是对于世间的真实相没有正确的认识

963 00:31:38,260 --> 00:31:39,460 

964 00:31:39,460 --> 00:31:40,700 才会有这样的观念

965 00:31:40,700 --> 00:31:42,540 所以不要以为现在师父讲

966 00:31:42,540 --> 00:31:43,980  

967 00:31:43,980 --> 00:31:45,960 轮回有一世一世的

968 00:31:45,960 --> 00:31:47,420 无明而有行

969 00:31:47,420 --> 00:31:48,240 你不要以为

970 00:31:48,240 --> 00:31:50,260 你现在看到都知道

971 00:31:50,260 --> 00:31:51,600 然后也认可

972 00:31:51,600 --> 00:31:53,560 但是我告诉你

973 00:31:53,560 --> 00:31:54,040 大部分

974 00:31:54,520 --> 00:31:55,380 不是大部分

975 00:31:55,960 --> 00:31:57,420 外道不学佛的

976 00:31:57,420 --> 00:31:58,800 他是完全没这个概念

977 00:31:59,540 --> 00:32:00,800 不只是如此

978 00:32:00,800 --> 00:32:02,180 很多学佛的

979 00:32:02,180 --> 00:32:04,780 如果不听闻教理

980 00:32:05,680 --> 00:32:06,480  

981 00:32:06,480 --> 00:32:08,400 老实说他对生死轮回 因果业报

982 00:32:08,900 --> 00:32:09,820 

983 00:32:09,820 --> 00:32:12,420 他还是迷迷糊糊的

984 00:32:12,900 --> 00:32:14,720 他只是告诉你会轮回而已

985 00:32:15,520 --> 00:32:17,600 但是如果他只是知道会轮回

986 00:32:17,600 --> 00:32:18,400 但是轮回

987 00:32:18,400 --> 00:32:20,000 怎么样一个轮回法

988 00:32:20,680 --> 00:32:22,420 他可能是模模糊糊的

989 00:32:22,940 --> 00:32:24,280 不知道此故彼的这样一个法理的认识

990 00:32:24,280 --> 00:32:25,600 

991 00:32:25,600 --> 00:32:26,980 那你要叫他修行

992 00:32:26,980 --> 00:32:27,900 其实很困难的

993 00:32:28,380 --> 00:32:29,540 所以这就是为什么大部分的佛教徒

994 00:32:29,540 --> 00:32:30,520 

995 00:32:31,140 --> 00:32:32,740 佛教徒也算不少

996 00:32:32,740 --> 00:32:35,200 但大部分仅止于信仰

997 00:32:35,940 --> 00:32:38,780 仅止于求佛菩萨保佑

998 00:32:40,400 --> 00:32:42,180 有人学佛学了一辈子

999 00:32:42,980 --> 00:32:45,780 不知道缘起四圣谛是什么

1000 00:32:46,720 --> 00:32:47,760 我没有骗你

1001 00:32:48,280 --> 00:32:49,440 师父碰过很多

1002 00:32:49,440 --> 00:32:50,820 学佛学了一辈子

1003 00:32:50,820 --> 00:32:52,440 不知道缘起四圣谛是什么

1004 00:32:53,220 --> 00:32:55,900 还认为那个是小乘的

1005 00:32:55,900 --> 00:32:57,460 还好一点，听过

1006 00:32:57,460 --> 00:32:58,300 认为那是小乘

1007 00:32:58,300 --> 00:32:59,440 不好一点的话

1008 00:32:59,440 --> 00:33:00,600 他学佛学一辈子

1009 00:33:00,600 --> 00:33:02,360 不知道缘起四圣谛是什么多的是

1010 00:33:02,860 --> 00:33:03,620 

1011 00:33:04,380 --> 00:33:06,660 所以这个我们要引以为戒

1012 00:33:06,660 --> 00:33:07,160 再来

1013 00:33:07,620 --> 00:33:08,060 他说

1014 00:33:08,640 --> 00:33:10,280 【若能如實正確觀察世間生死的輪

迴，

1015 00:33:10,280 --> 00:33:11,160  

1016 00:33:11,160 --> 00:33:11,880 就不會否認生死無盡輪迴的存在;

1017 00:33:11,880 --> 00:33:13,720  

1018 00:33:13,720 --> 00:33:14,940相反的，

若能如實正確觀察世間生死的止息，

1019 00:33:14,940 --> 00:33:17,080  

1020 00:33:17,080 --> 00:33:18,380  

1021 00:33:18,380 --> 00:33:19,680 就能清楚明

白生死確已止息而不再輪迴。】

1022 00:33:19,680 --> 00:33:21,220  

1023 00:33:21,220 --> 00:33:22,480  

1024 00:33:26,220 --> 00:33:27,840 这里你们有没有想到

1025 00:33:27,840 --> 00:33:28,640 另外一个经

1026 00:33:30,700 --> 00:33:32,280 进修早上师父讲课

1027 00:33:32,280 --> 00:33:33,300 他念过一句

1028 00:33:34,940 --> 00:33:36,560 你早上念了一句什么

1029 00:33:38,140 --> 00:33:38,620  

1030 00:33:40,080 --> 00:33:41,220 缘起甚深

1031 00:33:41,220 --> 00:33:41,580  

1032 00:33:42,240 --> 00:33:42,960  

1033 00:33:42,960 --> 00:33:44,140 

1034 00:33:44,140 --> 00:33:45,600  

1035 00:33:46,100 --> 00:33:47,820  

1036 00:33:50,580 --> 00:33:51,720  缘起甚深，涅槃复倍甚深

1037 00:33:51,720 --> 00:33:53,420  

1038 00:33:53,420 --> 00:33:55,140 就是说缘起很深

1039 00:33:55,140 --> 00:33:57,340 但是涅槃更深

1040 00:33:57,340 --> 00:34:01,520 其实缘起跟涅槃对谈起来

1041 00:34:01,520 --> 00:34:07,160 缘起是说明生命的轮回

1042 00:34:07,160 --> 00:34:11,480 涅槃是在说明 还灭的生命止息

1043 00:34:12,160 --> 00:34:14,640

1044 00:34:15,420 --> 00:34:17,520 这样各位了解吗

1045 00:34:18,500 --> 00:34:21,620 知道身心生命无尽的轮回

1046 00:34:21,620 --> 00:34:23,100 这个叫做法住智

1047 00:34:24,880 --> 00:34:27,320 了解它是怎么还灭的

1048 00:34:27,320 --> 00:34:29,260 这个叫做涅槃智

1049 00:34:31,960 --> 00:34:34,500 所以不能只是表面上知道无常

1050 00:34:34,500 --> 00:34:37,420 表面上知道无常还不是真实了解到

1051 00:34:37,420 --> 00:34:37,720  

1052 00:34:37,720 --> 00:34:43,120 依缘起而有这种循环的

1053 00:34:43,120 --> 00:34:45,160 而有这种所谓的流转的

1054 00:34:45,160 --> 00:34:45,900 不能只是因为

1055 00:34:45,900 --> 00:34:49,040 你只是在表面上观察无常相

1056 00:34:49,040 --> 00:34:49,580 你不知道

1057 00:34:49,580 --> 00:34:52,420 你真的没有办法体验到无常性

1058 00:34:52,940 --> 00:34:53,700  

1059 00:34:54,280 --> 00:34:56,120 那你必须要体验到无常性

1060 00:34:56,120 --> 00:34:57,460 那体验到无常性

1061 00:34:57,460 --> 00:34:58,820 你就可以知道无我性

1062 00:34:58,820 --> 00:35:01,000 那能够了解无我

1063 00:35:01,000 --> 00:35:03,080 跟着无我去修

1064 00:35:03,080 --> 00:35:04,860 就可以断除什么

1065 00:35:05,420 --> 00:35:06,120 无明

1066 00:35:06,120 --> 00:35:08,800 那断除无明就可以达到什么

1067 00:35:08,800 --> 00:35:10,560 无明灭、则行灭

1068 00:35:11,620 --> 00:35:13,220 这个就是这里讲的轮回的止息

1069 00:35:13,220 --> 00:35:13,520  

1070 00:35:14,080 --> 00:35:15,360 

1071 00:35:15,360 --> 00:35:16,660 【就能清楚明

白生死確已止息而不再輪迴。

1072 00:35:16,660 --> 00:35:18,840 

1073 00:35:18,840 --> 00:35:19,860 迦旃延啊!如來離

有無兩種錯執而開顯中道，

1074 00:35:19,860 --> 00:35:23,840  

1075 00:35:23,840 --> 00:35:25,240 所謂「有」是指「此

有故彼有，此生故彼生」

1076 00:35:25,240 --> 00:35:28,680  

1077 00:35:28,680 --> 00:35:30,000  

1078 00:35:30,000 --> 00:35:32,480 即是以無明為緣而有

行，

1079 00:35:32,480 --> 00:35:34,900 乃至有老、病、死、憂、悲、惱、苦的生起。

1080 00:35:34,900 --> 00:35:36,760所謂「無」是指「此無故彼無，此滅故彼滅」

1081 00:35:36,760 --> 00:35:38,160  

1082 00:35:38,160 --> 00:35:39,100  

1083 00:35:39,100 --> 00:35:41,480 即無明一旦滅除，就不會有行，

1084 00:35:41,480 --> 00:35:44,360 乃至不會有生、

老、病、死、憂、悲、惱、苦等等。』

】

1085 00:35:45,620 --> 00:35:47,240 这个就是阿含经里面讲

1086 00:35:47,240 --> 00:35:49,840 身心真门最深刻的地方

1087 00:35:51,120 --> 00:35:52,760 那么禅陀了解了他的缘起性、无我性、涅槃性

1088 00:35:52,760 --> 00:35:54,040 

1089 00:35:54,040 --> 00:35:55,140  

1090 00:35:55,140 --> 00:35:55,940  

1091 00:35:55,940 --> 00:35:57,960  的整套理论之后

1092 00:35:57,960 --> 00:36:00,180 他最后证悟了

1093 00:36:00,180 --> 00:36:01,080 得了阿罗汉

1094 00:36:01,080 --> 00:36:03,780 而不再只是在缘起相上一些表象上的认知而已

1095 00:36:03,780 --> 00:36:06,540  

1096 00:36:08,420 --> 00:36:09,120 可以吗

1097 00:36:09,880 --> 00:36:12,160 讲到这里有没有什么问题

1098 00:36:12,900 --> 00:36:13,380  

1099 00:36:13,840 --> 00:36:14,720 所以为什么这一个

1100 00:36:15,240 --> 00:36:18,280  叫做无常法性不易明了

1101 00:36:19,500 --> 00:36:19,980  

1102 00:36:19,980 --> 00:36:21,400 如果可以的话

1103 00:36:21,400 --> 00:36:23,380 我们继续来看下一个

1104 00:36:24,200 --> 00:36:25,000 不是下一个

1105 00:36:25,000 --> 00:36:25,640 析辨:

1106 00:36:27,560 --> 00:36:28,240  

1107 00:36:29,140 --> 00:36:31,000 析辨， 

1108 00:36:31,580 --> 00:36:32,680 这个谁看过

1109 00:36:34,060 --> 00:36:36,140 这段谁看过

1110 00:36:40,360 --> 00:36:43,080 有没有谁有印象在哪里看过

1111 00:36:43,540 --> 00:36:44,560 佛陀的教示

1112 00:36:44,560 --> 00:36:46,380 净修你都看过了是不是

1113 00:36:46,920 --> 00:36:49,320 （这在师父的佛陀教说里面

1114 00:36:49,320 --> 00:36:51,880 而且就是对这个经提出了一些

1115 00:36:51,880 --> 00:36:53,560 师父的理解跟看法）

1116 00:36:54,800 --> 00:36:56,620 【本經是由阿難轉述佛陀對大迦旃延開示的中道 正觀，

1117 00:36:56,620 --> 00:36:59,440  

1118 00:36:59,440 --> 00:37:01,600 為《阿含經》中詮釋「中道」之內容的代 表經典。】

1119 00:37:01,600 --> 00:37:05,060  

1120 00:37:05,500 --> 00:37:06,960 他很具有代表性

1121 00:37:07,560 --> 00:37:09,340 【本經所闡述的中道義是立足於二諦並觀 的中道，

1122 00:37:09,340 --> 00:37:11,760  

1123 00:37:11,760 --> 00:37:15,040 二諦即指生死不斷輪迴的世俗諦，以及 生死止息的勝義諦。】

1124 00:37:15,040 --> 00:37:18,420  

1125 00:37:18,420 --> 00:37:18,920  

1126 00:37:18,920 --> 00:37:22,600 因为阿含经没有直接称它为世俗谛跟胜义谛

1127 00:37:22,600 --> 00:37:24,040 但是它的意思就是后来所说的世俗谛跟胜义谛

1128 00:37:24,820 --> 00:37:27,540 

1129 00:37:27,540 --> 00:37:30,120 世俗就是生死的不断轮回

1130 00:37:30,820 --> 00:37:32,640 胜义 就是生死的止息

1131 00:37:32,640 --> 00:37:34,520 就是达到涅槃

1132 00:37:35,000 --> 00:37:37,240 这就是生死不断

1133 00:37:37,240 --> 00:37:38,980 就是二谛并观

1134 00:37:39,420 --> 00:37:42,740 【生死的不断轮回是现实人间的真实面貌

1135 00:37:42,740 --> 00:37:43,860 不容否認，否認了就是「斷滅見」( 無見)。】

1136 00:37:43,860 --> 00:37:46,060 否认了就落入断灭见

1137 00:37:46,060 --> 00:37:47,060 这个叫做无见

1138 00:37:48,360 --> 00:37:49,280【 相反的，依於正確的方法修行，斷除一切 煩惱，

1139 00:37:49,280 --> 00:37:50,460  

1140 00:37:50,460 --> 00:37:51,640 

1141 00:37:51,640 --> 00:37:52,960 輪迴止息，一切生死法終歸滅盡。

1142 00:37:52,960 --> 00:37:55,640  

1143 00:37:56,880 --> 00:37:59,520 如果认为始终有一个轮回不变的主体

1144 00:37:59,520 --> 00:38:01,100 那就成为了常见

1145 00:38:01,100 --> 00:38:03,140 依本经所述的中道

1146 00:38:03,140 --> 00:38:06,220 即是世俗缘起有

1147 00:38:07,080 --> 00:38:08,380 生死有

1148 00:38:09,060 --> 00:38:10,780 胜义 毕竟空

1149 00:38:11,440 --> 00:38:12,660 生死 不再来

1150 00:38:12,660 --> 00:38:14,320 

1151 00:38:14,320 --> 00:38:15,420 那就是毕竟空性

1152 00:38:15,920 --> 00:38:18,120 【這生死止 息的「勝義畢盡空」正是初期般若經所特重的。】

1153 00:38:18,120 --> 00:38:20,840 

1154 00:38:22,400 --> 00:38:24,160 所以导师才会认为说

1155 00:38:24,160 --> 00:38:26,060 般若经跟阿含经

1156 00:38:26,060 --> 00:38:29,080 其实它的胜义 是一贯一脉的

1157 00:38:30,120 --> 00:38:31,240 所以般若经

1158 00:38:31,240 --> 00:38:33,280 这不是说导师讲的

1159 00:38:33,280 --> 00:38:35,500 般若经也会认为

1160 00:38:36,300 --> 00:38:37,820 二乘所证的也是诸法实相

1161 00:38:37,820 --> 00:38:39,320 

1162 00:38:40,240 --> 00:38:41,600 因为般若经也

1163 00:38:41,600 --> 00:38:44,440 可以深刻的体会到这样的一个意思

1164 00:38:45,740 --> 00:38:48,440 讲到这里有没有什么问题

1165 00:38:49,800 --> 00:38:50,620 （师父

1166 00:38:50,620 --> 00:38:52,760 能不能翻到前面

1167 00:38:53,760 --> 00:38:55,220 刚开始的经文

1168 00:38:57,140 --> 00:38:59,840 此中云和由我而言

1169 00:38:59,840 --> 00:39:01,220 上一页

1170 00:39:01,220 --> 00:39:02,540 这儿

1171 00:39:03,340 --> 00:39:06,100 就是禅陀与诸比丘

1172 00:39:06,100 --> 00:39:06,920 到下边

1173 00:39:07,600 --> 00:39:08,960 前面的意思我知道

1174 00:39:08,960 --> 00:39:10,960 他说已经知道了 

1175 00:39:10,960 --> 00:39:12,500 这些色无常受、想、行、识无常

1176 00:39:12,500 --> 00:39:14,320 

1177 00:39:14,320 --> 00:39:18,780 然后他说，然我不喜欢这些 词（一切諸行空 寂、不可得、愛盡、離欲、涅槃。』）

1178 00:39:18,780 --> 00:39:20,960 那意思就是他不明白

1179 00:39:20,960 --> 00:39:23,900 然后【此中云何有 我而言:『】

1180 00:39:24,540 --> 00:39:26,300 这个怎么理解呢

1181 00:39:26,300 --> 00:39:28,560 他是说他自己的疑问吗）

1182 00:39:29,120 --> 00:39:29,640 对

1183 00:39:29,640 --> 00:39:30,800 这是他的疑问

1184 00:39:32,040 --> 00:39:33,620 『如是知、如是見，是名見法。』 

1185 00:39:33,620 --> 00:39:34,860  

1186 00:39:34,860 --> 00:39:35,440 也就是说

1187 00:39:35,440 --> 00:39:39,920 他其实对于见法的这个理解还没有深入进去

1188 00:39:39,920 --> 00:39:41,680 

1189 00:39:41,680 --> 00:39:42,760  

1190 00:39:42,760 --> 00:39:44,300 他没有真正深入进去

1191 00:39:44,300 --> 00:39:46,700 那就是一个在浮在表面上

1192 00:39:46,700 --> 00:39:48,060 所以他会不喜

1193 00:39:48,060 --> 00:39:51,540 所以他会有一些疑问跟错误的认知

1194 00:39:53,760 --> 00:39:56,580 接下来来谈生活中的无常

1195 00:39:57,520 --> 00:39:58,900 (四) 生活中的無常

1196 00:40:03,570 --> 00:40:09,270 【一時，尊者那伽波羅在鹿野城中。

1197 00:40:09,270 --> 00:40:14,190 是時，有一 婆羅門年垂朽邁，昔與尊者那伽婆羅少小舊欵。】

1198 00:40:14,190 --> 00:40:19,730  

1199 00:40:21,350 --> 00:40:22,310 什么意思

1200 00:40:23,470 --> 00:40:25,070 他小时候的朋友

1201 00:40:30,530 --> 00:40:32,050  

1202 00:40:32,770 --> 00:40:33,430 发小

1203 00:40:34,010 --> 00:40:35,270 是发小没错

1204 00:40:38,010 --> 00:40:39,430 小时候的烂兄烂弟

1205 00:40:40,630 --> 00:40:42,010 常常一起捣蛋

1206 00:40:42,730 --> 00:40:44,390 偷蕃薯砸玻璃的那种发小

1207 00:40:44,830 --> 00:40:45,930  

1208 00:40:48,370 --> 00:40:51,750 尊者那伽波羅在鹿野城中

1209 00:40:51,750 --> 00:40:53,810 遇到一个婆羅門年垂朽邁

1210 00:40:54,330 --> 00:40:56,350  

1211 00:40:56,890 --> 00:40:59,170 那这个尊者的年纪也很大了吧

1212 00:40:59,810 --> 00:41:01,410 他的发小年纪那么大

1213 00:41:01,410 --> 00:41:02,970  当然他也大

1214 00:41:04,430 --> 00:41:06,070 然后他是他的旧欢

1215 00:41:07,150 --> 00:41:10,610 【是時，婆羅門往至那伽婆羅所，共相問訊，在一面坐。

1216 00:41:10,610 --> 00:41:12,170  

1217 00:41:12,170 --> 00:41:13,710  

1218 00:41:14,270 --> 00:41:15,830 爾時，梵志語那伽婆羅曰:「汝今於樂之中，最為 快樂。」】

1219 00:41:15,830 --> 00:41:17,830  

1220 00:41:17,830 --> 00:41:20,990  

1221 00:41:20,990 --> 00:41:23,070 就是说你很快乐

1222 00:41:23,070 --> 00:41:24,150 你现在是在乐中

1223 00:41:24,150 --> 00:41:25,930 而且你是最快乐的

1224 00:41:25,930 --> 00:41:28,730 那么 

1225 00:41:28,730 --> 00:41:30,890 【那伽婆羅曰: 「汝觀何等義，而作是說:

1226 00:41:30,890 --> 00:41:32,690  『於樂之中，最為快樂。』?】

1227 00:41:32,690 --> 00:41:33,830 你是看到什么

1228 00:41:33,830 --> 00:41:35,570 怎么会说我是乐中最为快乐

1229 00:41:36,250 --> 00:41:38,630 你到底是从什么地方看到我这么的快乐

1230 00:41:38,630 --> 00:41:40,030 

1231 00:41:41,470 --> 00:41:42,670 比如说有人跟你说

1232 00:41:42,670 --> 00:41:44,110 我现在看你是最有钱

1233 00:41:44,110 --> 00:41:45,390 那你问他说

1234 00:41:45,390 --> 00:41:46,750 你怎么知道我有钱

1235 00:41:46,750 --> 00:41:48,450 因为你开的车不错

1236 00:41:48,950 --> 00:41:51,050 不好意思车借来的

1237 00:41:51,050 --> 00:41:52,610 你穿的不错

1238 00:41:53,510 --> 00:41:55,230 不好意思租来的

1239 00:41:59,070 --> 00:42:00,830  

1240 00:42:00,830 --> 00:42:01,950 婆罗门就跟他讲

1241 00:42:01,950 --> 00:42:03,670 【 「我 頻七日中，七男兒死，皆勇猛高才，智慧難及。

1242 00:42:05,570 --> 00:42:06,930  

1243 00:42:07,610 --> 00:42:09,130  

1244 00:42:09,130 --> 00:42:10,570  

1245 00:42:10,570 --> 00:42:12,190近 六日之中，十二作使人無常，能堪作使，無有懈怠。】

1246 00:42:12,190 --> 00:42:16,110  

1247 00:42:16,490 --> 00:42:18,470 

1248 00:42:18,470 --> 00:42:19,570 他什么意思

1249 00:42:20,910 --> 00:42:22,510 他说我于七之中，七男兒死，

1250 00:42:23,730 --> 00:42:24,950  

1251 00:42:25,710 --> 00:42:27,430 你可以理解为他是怎么样

1252 00:42:28,170 --> 00:42:29,870 七个儿子死掉了

1253 00:42:30,370 --> 00:42:32,230 七日死了七个儿子

1254 00:42:32,930 --> 00:42:33,890 然后 

1255 00:42:36,450 --> 00:42:37,950 【近六日之中，十二作使人無常，能堪作使，無有懈怠。】

1256 00:42:37,950 --> 00:42:40,210  

1257 00:42:40,210 --> 00:42:42,350 

1258 00:42:43,650 --> 00:42:44,550 他什么意思

1259 00:42:46,450 --> 00:42:48,130 十二作使人是什么意思

1260 00:42:50,810 --> 00:42:53,270 就是供他财食的

1261 00:42:53,830 --> 00:42:55,610 就是他的仆人什么的

1262 00:42:55,610 --> 00:42:56,810 才会十二个

1263 00:42:56,810 --> 00:42:57,950 前面七个

1264 00:42:57,950 --> 00:42:59,230 死了七个 儿子

1265 00:42:59,230 --> 00:43:03,130 后面又死了十二个仆人

1266 00:43:03,850 --> 00:43:06,890 那这是真的家里死了蛮多人

1267 00:43:09,570 --> 00:43:11,690 他说能堪作使， 就是很勤劳

1268 00:43:11,690 --> 00:43:12,510 不会懈怠

1269 00:43:12,510 --> 00:43:14,190 但是十二作使人無常 的意思

1270 00:43:14,190 --> 00:43:15,490 就是死掉了

1271 00:43:16,110 --> 00:43:17,410 还有【近五日已來，四兄弟無常，多諸技術，無事不閑】

1272 00:43:17,410 --> 00:43:18,550  

1273 00:43:19,730 --> 00:43:21,550  

1274 00:43:22,490 --> 00:43:23,350 什么样子

1275 00:43:25,530 --> 00:43:27,410 四个兄弟死掉了

1276 00:43:29,130 --> 00:43:30,490 【近四日已來，父母命終，年向百歲，捨我去世。】

1277 00:43:30,490 --> 00:43:31,410  

1278 00:43:31,410 --> 00:43:32,710  

1279 00:43:32,710 --> 00:43:33,430 

1280 00:43:35,570 --> 00:43:36,090  

1281 00:43:36,090 --> 00:43:37,490 从七天、六天、五天、 

1282 00:43:37,490 --> 00:43:38,690  

1283 00:43:39,250 --> 00:43:40,210  

1284 00:43:41,050 --> 00:43:42,650 到近四日

1285 00:43:43,710 --> 00:43:45,010 从儿子、到仆人

1286 00:43:46,470 --> 00:43:47,650 

1287 00:43:47,650 --> 00:43:49,070 到兄弟

1288 00:43:49,070 --> 00:43:51,850 到最后剩这四天

1289 00:43:51,850 --> 00:43:53,510 就是可能四天前

1290 00:43:53,510 --> 00:43:56,130 父母亲死了

1291 00:43:58,230 --> 00:43:59,510 近三日来

1292 00:44:00,410 --> 00:44:01,870  

1293 00:44:01,870 --> 00:44:03,470 你说那时候还有什么可以死的

1294 00:44:03,470 --> 00:44:04,670 你儿子死了

1295 00:44:04,670 --> 00:44:06,310 周遭的仆人也死了

1296 00:44:06,310 --> 00:44:07,590 兄弟也死了

1297 00:44:07,590 --> 00:44:08,810 连父母亲都走了

1298 00:44:08,810 --> 00:44:10,650 那还有什么可以死的

1299 00:44:11,510 --> 00:44:12,250 太太

1300 00:44:13,250 --> 00:44:13,950 媳妇

1301 00:44:15,170 --> 00:44:15,910  

1302 00:44:17,050 --> 00:44:18,230 【近 三日已來，二婦復死，顏貌端正，世之希有。】

1303 00:44:18,230 --> 00:44:19,630  

1304 00:44:19,630 --> 00:44:20,810  

1305 00:44:21,770 --> 00:44:22,650 而且他 还一次死了两个媳妇

1306 00:44:23,730 --> 00:44:25,570

1307 00:44:26,230 --> 00:44:27,290 死一个就真的很惨了

1308 00:44:27,290 --> 00:44:28,150 

1309 00:44:28,150 --> 00:44:28,990 还死了两个

1310 00:44:30,350 --> 00:44:31,550 那你问说师父

1311 00:44:31,550 --> 00:44:32,550 那到底还有几个

1312 00:44:33,110 --> 00:44:33,690 我也不知道

1313 00:44:33,690 --> 00:44:35,310 他这个意思应该就是两个而已

1314 00:44:35,310 --> 00:44:37,510 那两个都死了

1315 00:44:37,510 --> 00:44:40,230 那真的是成为孤家寡人

1316 00:44:40,230 --> 00:44:41,430 就成为孤家寡人

1317 00:44:42,390 --> 00:44:43,230 那说什么

1318 00:44:43,230 --> 00:44:44,510 【顏貌端正，世之希有。又復 家中有八窖珍寶，

1319 00:44:44,510 --> 00:44:45,390  

1320 00:44:45,390 --> 00:44:46,570 昨日求之而不知處。如我今日遭 此苦惱，不可稱計。】

1321 00:44:46,570 --> 00:44:48,030 那更惨了

1322 00:44:50,550 --> 00:44:51,750 你看这个故事

1323 00:44:52,830 --> 00:44:54,050 有一句话叫做

1324 00:44:54,050 --> 00:44:55,210 只有更惨

1325 00:44:56,210 --> 00:44:58,550 没有最惨

1326 00:44:58,550 --> 00:44:59,610 儿子都死了

1327 00:44:59,610 --> 00:45:00,530 那已经是最惨了

1328 00:45:00,530 --> 00:45:01,570 但是 后面还有

1329 00:45:01,570 --> 00:45:03,730 所以说只有更惨

1330 00:45:03,730 --> 00:45:04,550 没有最惨

1331 00:45:05,110 --> 00:45:05,970 我们都已经说

1332 00:45:05,970 --> 00:45:07,230 那都死光了还怎么样

1333 00:45:07,710 --> 00:45:08,790 他竟然说

1334 00:45:08,790 --> 00:45:09,710 【又復 家中有八窖珍寶，昨日求之而不知處。

1335 00:45:10,370 --> 00:45:11,110  

1336 00:45:11,110 --> 00:45:14,530  

1337 00:45:14,530 --> 00:45:16,410  

1338 00:45:16,410 --> 00:45:18,910 如我今日遭 此苦惱，不可稱計。】

1339 00:45:20,610 --> 00:45:21,810 你说都死光了

1340 00:45:21,810 --> 00:45:22,290 那没关系

1341 00:45:22,290 --> 00:45:23,370 我还是很有钱

1342 00:45:23,950 --> 00:45:24,390  

1343 00:45:24,390 --> 00:45:24,890 我很有钱

1344 00:45:24,890 --> 00:45:26,210 我还是可以生病

1345 00:45:26,210 --> 00:45:27,390 看医生都有钱

1346 00:45:27,390 --> 00:45:29,490 我还是可以开个名车

1347 00:45:29,490 --> 00:45:30,470 住个豪宅

1348 00:45:30,470 --> 00:45:31,570 问题是现在问题

1349 00:45:31,570 --> 00:45:32,610 连这个都没有了

1350 00:45:32,610 --> 00:45:34,750 连珍宝珠宝都被拿光了

1351 00:45:35,690 --> 00:45:37,470 那不是世间最惨吗

1352 00:45:38,390 --> 00:45:38,910  

1353 00:45:38,910 --> 00:45:40,530 所以说没有最惨

1354 00:45:40,530 --> 00:45:41,250 只有更惨

1355 00:45:41,250 --> 00:45:42,290  

1356 00:45:43,470 --> 00:45:44,950 但是这个是无常相

1357 00:45:46,290 --> 00:45:47,650 但是师父讲过

1358 00:45:47,650 --> 00:45:49,170 如果你没悟无常法性

1359 00:45:49,170 --> 00:45:52,470 很多人碰到了变化

1360 00:45:52,470 --> 00:45:53,310 他还是什么

1361 00:45:54,470 --> 00:45:56,170 执迷不悟

1362 00:45:56,170 --> 00:45:57,730 他认为说老婆死了

1363 00:45:57,730 --> 00:45:59,770 

1364 00:45:59,770 --> 00:46:01,270 或是二妇死了

1365 00:46:01,270 --> 00:46:02,350 再去娶就好了

1366 00:46:02,350 --> 00:46:04,410 钱财没有了再去赚

1367 00:46:04,410 --> 00:46:05,230  

1368 00:46:05,230 --> 00:46:07,910 离婚了再结不就好了吗

1369 00:46:07,910 --> 00:46:08,630  

1370 00:46:08,630 --> 00:46:10,690 儿子没有了再生不就有了吗

1371 00:46:11,230 --> 00:46:12,490 有些人会是这样认为

1372 00:46:12,490 --> 00:46:14,470 所以他就没有从无常上 体会到一些人生的现实

1373 00:46:14,470 --> 00:46:17,270

1374 00:46:18,190 --> 00:46:19,210  

1375 00:46:19,210 --> 00:46:19,670  

1376 00:46:20,230 --> 00:46:21,490 第二个我们再来谈一下

1377 00:46:21,490 --> 00:46:23,450 这样的一个状况看起来像小说在讲的

1378 00:46:26,210 --> 00:46:28,290 

1379 00:46:29,750 --> 00:46:30,970  

1380 00:46:30,970 --> 00:46:33,930 但现实世间会不会发生

1381 00:46:37,390 --> 00:46:39,490 那个靖伦你说什么

1382 00:46:41,330 --> 00:46:43,770 看起来现实就是食物中毒

1383 00:46:46,650 --> 00:46:48,410 食物中毒 

1384 00:46:49,290 --> 00:46:52,090 那食物中毒是有可能的

1385 00:46:53,130 --> 00:46:54,110  

1386 00:46:54,110 --> 00:46:55,850 而且如果你遇到战乱

1387 00:46:57,490 --> 00:46:59,090 这有可能一下子旁边所有人都不见了

1388 00:46:59,090 --> 00:47:01,530 

1389 00:47:01,950 --> 00:47:03,190 这样了解吗

1390 00:47:03,190 --> 00:47:06,090 你们如果看过师公的故事

1391 00:47:06,710 --> 00:47:08,230 师公家人就是这样

1392 00:47:08,730 --> 00:47:09,890 半年里面

1393 00:47:09,890 --> 00:47:11,550 当然他这比较短

1394 00:47:12,230 --> 00:47:13,430 师公半年里面

1395 00:47:13,430 --> 00:47:15,530 家里十几口人都死了

1396 00:47:15,530 --> 00:47:19,050 只剩下他跟他爸爸还有奶奶

1397 00:47:19,690 --> 00:47:20,810 那爸爸又去打又去打仗

1398 00:47:20,810 --> 00:47:23,310 

1399 00:47:24,610 --> 00:47:26,290 师公的爸爸去打什么仗

1400 00:47:26,290 --> 00:47:27,350 你们知道吗

1401 00:47:28,370 --> 00:47:29,150 不是抗日

1402 00:47:29,150 --> 00:47:30,850 抗日是师公的时代

1403 00:47:31,810 --> 00:47:34,290 师公的爸爸打什么

1404 00:47:35,310 --> 00:47:36,430 不是反清复明

1405 00:47:39,790 --> 00:47:41,870 师公的父亲去打北伐

1406 00:47:43,150 --> 00:47:43,730  

1407 00:47:44,390 --> 00:47:47,770 随着蒋中正去北伐

1408 00:47:48,290 --> 00:47:49,670 就是统一他是打北伐

1409 00:47:49,670 --> 00:47:51,770 师公的时代碰到的是抗战

1410 00:47:53,450 --> 00:47:53,850  

1411 00:47:54,270 --> 00:47:56,690 所以师公家里十几口

1412 00:47:56,690 --> 00:47:58,950 半年内死到剩下师公一个小孩

1413 00:47:58,950 --> 00:48:00,730 

1414 00:48:00,730 --> 00:48:02,410 可能就几岁而已

1415 00:48:02,950 --> 00:48:03,750  

1416 00:48:04,190 --> 00:48:04,830 父亲、然后一个六七十岁的奶奶

1417 00:48:05,370 --> 00:48:07,970 

1418 00:48:08,550 --> 00:48:10,590 那父亲可能三四十岁吧

1419 00:48:10,590 --> 00:48:12,610 三四十岁身强体壮的

1420 00:48:12,610 --> 00:48:13,950 也不知道为什么跟着去打仗

1421 00:48:13,950 --> 00:48:15,130 

1422 00:48:15,130 --> 00:48:16,670 打北伐就对了

1423 00:48:16,670 --> 00:48:18,230 那剩下他跟奶奶

1424 00:48:18,230 --> 00:48:19,930 那他跟奶奶呢

1425 00:48:19,930 --> 00:48:21,090 一个小一个老

1426 00:48:21,710 --> 00:48:22,690 所以就怎么样

1427 00:48:22,690 --> 00:48:24,370 常常出去乞食 

1428 00:48:26,510 --> 00:48:28,890 不是那个出家人的乞食 

1429 00:48:28,890 --> 00:48:30,390 是真的当乞丐

1430 00:48:30,390 --> 00:48:32,710 就去跟人家要饭当乞丐

1431 00:48:33,170 --> 00:48:35,510 那这不 就是这个吗

1432 00:48:36,790 --> 00:48:38,050 这个是时间比较短

1433 00:48:38,050 --> 00:48:38,670 一个礼拜

1434 00:48:38,670 --> 00:48:40,010 师公那个是半年

1435 00:48:40,450 --> 00:48:41,870 那如果你遇到战乱

1436 00:48:41,870 --> 00:48:43,910 那随时都可能是产生这种状况

1437 00:48:44,470 --> 00:48:46,410 这个就是世间无常的变化

1438 00:48:46,410 --> 00:48:47,250 不要以为说他讲得起来好像觉得故事

1439 00:48:47,250 --> 00:48:49,250 

1440 00:48:49,750 --> 00:48:50,390  

1441 00:48:50,390 --> 00:48:52,930 但是现实世界是随时有可能会发生的

1442 00:48:52,930 --> 00:48:53,890  

1443 00:48:54,810 --> 00:48:56,090  

1444 00:48:56,890 --> 00:48:58,050  

1445 00:48:58,050 --> 00:49:00,010 你看他接下来讲什么

1446 00:49:00,010 --> 00:49:01,390【 然，尊者!今日永離彼患，無復愁憂，

1447 00:49:01,390 --> 00:49:03,510  

1448 00:49:03,510 --> 00:49:05,030  

1449 00:49:05,030 --> 00:49:07,770 正

以道法而自娛樂，我觀此義已，故作是說:

1450 00:49:07,770 --> 00:49:08,910  

1451 00:49:08,910 --> 00:49:09,850  

1452 00:49:09,850 --> 00:49:11,010 『於樂之中，最為快樂。』」

1453 00:49:11,010 --> 00:49:12,210 

1454 00:49:12,210 --> 00:49:13,410 是時，尊者那伽

婆羅告彼梵志曰:

1455 00:49:13,410 --> 00:49:16,570  

1456 00:49:16,570 --> 00:49:18,270 「汝何為不作方便，使彼爾

許之人而不命終乎?」

1457 00:49:18,270 --> 00:49:20,390  

1458 00:49:20,390 --> 00:49:21,370  

1459 00:49:23,610 --> 00:49:25,050  

1460 00:49:25,050 --> 00:49:25,710 他说

1461 00:49:25,710 --> 00:49:27,950 【然，尊者!今日永離彼患，無復愁憂

】

1462 00:49:27,950 --> 00:49:28,650  

1463 00:49:28,650 --> 00:49:29,370 他说什么

1464 00:49:30,990 --> 00:49:32,130 反正都死光了

1465 00:49:32,130 --> 00:49:33,170 也都拿光了

1466 00:49:34,670 --> 00:49:35,470 就是这样子

1467 00:49:35,470 --> 00:49:37,130 也不用再担心了

1468 00:49:38,090 --> 00:49:38,490  

1469 00:49:39,850 --> 00:49:40,670  

1470 00:49:40,670 --> 00:49:41,730 反正都死光了

1471 00:49:41,730 --> 00:49:43,670 也该拿的被拿的被偷的

1472 00:49:43,670 --> 00:49:44,610 该死的都死光

1473 00:49:44,610 --> 00:49:46,290 剩下我一个孤家寡人一个

1474 00:49:46,290 --> 00:49:47,650 就不用再担心有什么东西会丢了

1475 00:49:47,650 --> 00:49:49,050 

1476 00:49:49,050 --> 00:49:50,570 也不用再担心谁会死了

1477 00:49:50,570 --> 00:49:51,510 

1478 00:49:52,250 --> 00:49:53,510 所以他才说

1479 00:49:53,510 --> 00:49:55,690 於樂之中，最為快樂。

1480 00:49:55,690 --> 00:49:57,290 是時，尊者那伽

婆羅告彼梵志曰:

1481 00:49:57,290 --> 00:49:58,490 「汝何為不作方便，使彼爾

許之人而不命終乎?」】

1482 00:49:58,490 --> 00:50:00,490  

1483 00:50:00,490 --> 00:50:01,230  

1484 00:50:01,230 --> 00:50:02,650 他这句话是什么意思

1485 00:50:03,110 --> 00:50:03,390 他说

1486 00:50:03,990 --> 00:50:05,570 那你为什么不用一些方法让这些人不死呢

1487 00:50:05,570 --> 00:50:07,050 

1488 00:50:08,130 --> 00:50:08,570  

1489 00:50:08,570 --> 00:50:09,890 你既然家里那么有钱

1490 00:50:10,470 --> 00:50:11,650 那之前这些

1491 00:50:11,650 --> 00:50:12,710 为什么你不想办法让他不死呢

1492 00:50:12,710 --> 00:50:13,750  

1493 00:50:13,750 --> 00:50:14,970 这是尊者问他的

1494 00:50:15,990 --> 00:50:16,870 然后呢

1495 00:50:16,870 --> 00:50:17,990 这后面应该还有

1496 00:50:18,970 --> 00:50:20,310【梵志對曰: 「我亦多作方便，欲令不死， 又不失財，

1497 00:50:20,310 --> 00:50:22,030 

1498 00:50:22,030 --> 00:50:23,870  

1499 00:50:23,870 --> 00:50:26,070  亦復隨時布施，作諸功德，祠祀 諸天，

1500 00:50:26,070 --> 00:50:27,470 

1501 00:50:27,990 --> 00:50:30,610  

1502 00:50:30,610 --> 00:50:32,810 供養諸長老梵志，擁護諸神，誦諸呪 術，

1503 00:50:32,810 --> 00:50:34,250  

1504 00:50:34,250 --> 00:50:35,750  

1505 00:50:35,750 --> 00:50:38,130 亦能瞻視星宿，亦復能和合藥草，亦以 甘饌飲食施彼窮厄，

1506 00:50:38,130 --> 00:50:40,650  

1507 00:50:40,650 --> 00:50:46,390  

1508 00:50:46,950 --> 00:50:48,650  

1509 00:50:49,250 --> 00:50:50,470如此之比不可稱也，然 復不能濟彼命根。」】

1510 00:50:50,470 --> 00:50:51,590  

1511 00:50:51,590 --> 00:50:53,350  

1512 00:50:54,750 --> 00:50:55,550 他说什么

1513 00:50:57,990 --> 00:50:58,510 他说

1514 00:50:58,510 --> 00:50:59,770 我当然想啊

1515 00:50:59,770 --> 00:51:00,430 我很有钱

1516 00:51:00,430 --> 00:51:01,610 我当然想啊

1517 00:51:01,610 --> 00:51:03,190 我想尽各种办法

1518 00:51:03,190 --> 00:51:04,970 想尽各种什么办法

1519 00:51:06,530 --> 00:51:09,070 从世间的到宗教的我都做了

1520 00:51:09,070 --> 00:51:10,110 

1521 00:51:10,110 --> 00:51:11,530 布施

1522 00:51:11,530 --> 00:51:11,890  

1523 00:51:11,890 --> 00:51:13,730 他说我多作方便随时布施

1524 00:51:13,730 --> 00:51:14,990 

1525 00:51:14,990 --> 00:51:16,150  

1526 00:51:16,150 --> 00:51:16,890 然后作诸功德

1527 00:51:16,890 --> 00:51:19,190 还有他也做宗教的祭祀诸天

1528 00:51:19,770 --> 00:51:20,530  

1529 00:51:20,530 --> 00:51:22,250  

1530 00:51:22,250 --> 00:51:23,950 供养诸长老梵志

1531 00:51:23,950 --> 00:51:25,170 拥护诸神

1532 00:51:26,130 --> 00:51:27,450 而且更进一步

1533 00:51:27,450 --> 00:51:29,050 什么 誦諸呪 術，亦能瞻視星宿，算命

1534 00:51:30,050 --> 00:51:31,830  

1535 00:51:32,430 --> 00:51:33,130  

1536 00:51:33,130 --> 00:51:34,810 到底现在怎么样

1537 00:51:35,310 --> 00:51:37,010 比如说哪里风水不好

1538 00:51:37,010 --> 00:51:38,550 赶快改一改

1539 00:51:38,550 --> 00:51:40,930 哪一个算命师跟他说

1540 00:51:40,930 --> 00:51:42,170 你最近有灾难

1541 00:51:42,870 --> 00:51:44,050 有灾难那怎么办

1542 00:51:45,990 --> 00:51:47,350 多捐点钱过来

1543 00:51:47,350 --> 00:51:48,090 我帮你消灾

1544 00:51:49,130 --> 00:51:50,830 反正这些他都做了

1545 00:51:51,690 --> 00:51:52,410 然后呢

1546 00:51:52,410 --> 00:51:52,890 还有什么

1547 00:51:52,890 --> 00:51:54,230 【亦復能和合藥草，

1548 00:51:54,230 --> 00:51:55,110 亦以 甘饌飲食施彼窮厄，如此之比不可稱也，】

1549 00:51:55,830 --> 00:51:57,150  

1550 00:51:57,150 --> 00:51:58,610  

1551 00:51:59,570 --> 00:52:03,430 他就用东西给那些流浪汉

1552 00:52:03,430 --> 00:52:05,530 或是 贫穷的人

1553 00:52:05,530 --> 00:52:07,230 没饭吃的人

1554 00:52:07,230 --> 00:52:08,230 给他们吃饭

1555 00:52:08,230 --> 00:52:10,290 反正他都全部做了

1556 00:52:10,290 --> 00:52:12,030 【如此之比不可称也】

1557 00:52:12,030 --> 00:52:12,770 就是很多

1558 00:52:12,770 --> 00:52:13,750 因为他很有钱

1559 00:52:13,750 --> 00:52:16,670 【<nowiki><u>然 復不能濟彼命根。</u></nowiki>」】

1560 00:52:16,670 --> 00:52:18,050 意思是怎么样

1561 00:52:18,750 --> 00:52:19,610 我都做了

1562 00:52:19,610 --> 00:52:21,990 但是无常来

1563 00:52:21,990 --> 00:52:22,630 该死的死

1564 00:52:22,630 --> 00:52:23,510 该走的走

1565 00:52:23,510 --> 00:52:24,250  

1566 00:52:24,250 --> 00:52:25,430 还是没办法

1567 00:52:26,090 --> 00:52:27,230 所以你们要知道

1568 00:52:27,530 --> 00:52:28,610 这里不是说布施这些没用

1569 00:52:28,610 --> 00:52:30,050 

1570 00:52:30,050 --> 00:52:30,330 是说这些布施

1571 00:52:30,330 --> 00:52:31,650 

1572 00:52:32,290 --> 00:52:33,310  

1573 00:52:33,310 --> 00:52:34,210 护具这些东西

1574 00:52:34,210 --> 00:52:35,110 

1575 00:52:35,110 --> 00:52:37,670 都是有他的因果业报跟功德

1576 00:52:37,670 --> 00:52:39,910 但这一些都还是属于什么

1577 00:52:41,390 --> 00:52:42,850 世间善法

1578 00:52:44,150 --> 00:52:45,230 所以这有因缘就有

1579 00:52:45,230 --> 00:52:46,970 

1580 00:52:46,970 --> 00:52:47,890 没因缘就无

1581 00:52:47,890 --> 00:52:50,230 所以它是属于世间善法

1582 00:52:51,410 --> 00:52:51,890  

1583 00:52:51,890 --> 00:52:54,250 所以为什么我们讲成佛之道的时候

1584 00:52:54,250 --> 00:52:55,170 是从五乘世间善讲到三乘出世间善

1585 00:52:55,170 --> 00:52:56,370 

1586 00:52:56,370 --> 00:52:58,490 

1587 00:52:58,490 --> 00:52:59,350 进一步大乘？

1588 00:53:00,010 --> 00:53:00,830 就是因为五乘持戒布施都是好事

1589 00:53:00,830 --> 00:53:02,710  

1590 00:53:02,710 --> 00:53:04,670 

1591 00:53:04,670 --> 00:53:06,090 都是有功德的

1592 00:53:06,090 --> 00:53:07,450 但毕竟是在什么

1593 00:53:07,450 --> 00:53:09,950 生死变化轮回里面

1594 00:53:09,950 --> 00:53:13,230 是逃不出无常变化的苦难的

1595 00:53:13,750 --> 00:53:16,370 所以这边并不是否认布施的功德

1596 00:53:16,370 --> 00:53:17,490 是告诉你

1597 00:53:17,490 --> 00:53:19,410 因为这个阿含经都是在讲什么

1598 00:53:19,410 --> 00:53:20,910 解脱出世的，做这一些呢

1599 00:53:20,910 --> 00:53:22,050 是告诉你

1600 00:53:22,050 --> 00:53:23,230 

1601 00:53:23,230 --> 00:53:24,410 你是没办法跳脱出无常变化的

1602 00:53:24,410 --> 00:53:26,030  

1603 00:53:27,310 --> 00:53:29,730 

1604 00:53:30,950 --> 00:53:31,850 再来还有

1605 00:53:31,850 --> 00:53:32,470 后面还有

1606 00:53:33,270 --> 00:53:36,370 【是時，尊者那伽婆羅便說此偈:「藥草諸 呪術，

1607 00:53:36,970 --> 00:53:38,890  

1608 00:53:39,700 --> 00:53:41,430  

1609 00:53:41,430 --> 00:53:43,370 衣被飲食具，雖施而無益，猶抱身苦行。

1610 00:53:43,370 --> 00:53:45,450  

1611 00:53:45,450 --> 00:53:48,190  正使祭神祠，香花及沐浴，計挍此原本，無能 療治者。

1612 00:53:48,190 --> 00:53:50,870  

1613 00:53:50,870 --> 00:53:52,770  

1614 00:53:52,770 --> 00:53:54,470 

1615 00:53:54,470 --> 00:53:56,350 假使施諸物，精進持梵行，計挍此原 本，無能療治者。」】

1616 00:53:56,350 --> 00:53:58,070  

1617 00:53:58,070 --> 00:54:00,170  

1618 00:54:00,170 --> 00:54:01,970  

1619 00:54:03,410 --> 00:54:04,950 他意思告诉你什么

1620 00:54:04,950 --> 00:54:05,790 他说

1621 00:54:06,430 --> 00:54:08,730 就算你做世间的这种种布施

1622 00:54:08,730 --> 00:54:09,330  

1623 00:54:09,330 --> 00:54:09,790  

1624 00:54:11,250 --> 00:54:12,210 这些不是没有用

1625 00:54:12,210 --> 00:54:13,610 是在强调它是有功德

1626 00:54:13,610 --> 00:54:17,230 但是并不能真正的离苦得乐

1627 00:54:18,950 --> 00:54:20,090 因为还是在什么

1628 00:54:20,930 --> 00:54:22,410 就算是你没有苦苦

1629 00:54:22,410 --> 00:54:23,470 你还有行苦

1630 00:54:23,470 --> 00:54:24,330  

1631 00:54:24,330 --> 00:54:26,330 就算你苦苦行苦

1632 00:54:27,110 --> 00:54:28,330 他还有什么

1633 00:54:28,970 --> 00:54:30,510 苦苦坏苦

1634 00:54:30,510 --> 00:54:32,770 你没有苦苦

1635 00:54:32,770 --> 00:54:33,730 你有坏苦

1636 00:54:33,730 --> 00:54:34,510  

1637 00:54:34,510 --> 00:54:35,970 那你到最后

1638 00:54:35,970 --> 00:54:37,350 你就没有办法脱离什么

1639 00:54:37,350 --> 00:54:38,130 行苦

1640 00:54:38,130 --> 00:54:40,350 因为一切行无常的变化

1641 00:54:40,350 --> 00:54:41,610 你是没办法

1642 00:54:42,070 --> 00:54:43,490 如果你只是依世间的这些（善法）

1643 00:54:43,490 --> 00:54:44,450 你是没办法解决（生死问题）

1644 00:54:44,450 --> 00:54:46,050 你不要想说我什么

1645 00:54:46,050 --> 00:54:47,210 他告诉你什么

1646 00:54:47,210 --> 00:54:49,130 咒术医药

1647 00:54:49,130 --> 00:54:50,110 祠祀神

1648 00:54:52,930 --> 00:54:54,330 可能他们在印度

1649 00:54:54,330 --> 00:54:55,670 可能祠祀神有些帮助

1650 00:54:55,670 --> 00:54:56,950 怎么帮助我不知道

1651 00:54:56,950 --> 00:54:58,430 但是他就告诉你

1652 00:54:58,430 --> 00:55:00,270 祠祀神哪怕他怎么帮助你

1653 00:55:00,270 --> 00:55:01,270 你都没办法脱离生死轮回解脱了

1654 00:55:01,270 --> 00:55:02,510 

1655 00:55:02,510 --> 00:55:03,910 都没办法真正脱离

1656 00:55:04,510 --> 00:55:05,530 他是告诉你

1657 00:55:06,930 --> 00:55:08,930【 是時，梵志問曰:「當行 何法，使無此苦惱之患?」】

1658 00:55:08,930 --> 00:55:11,490  

1659 00:55:11,490 --> 00:55:13,350 那就是在佛教讲的离根本的苦

1660 00:55:13,350 --> 00:55:14,510 

1661 00:55:14,510 --> 00:55:16,330 就是画那三个圈

1662 00:55:16,330 --> 00:55:17,690 要离真实的苦

1663 00:55:17,690 --> 00:55:18,650  梵志说

1664 00:55:18,650 --> 00:55:21,610 既然你这个修行人跟我说

1665 00:55:21,610 --> 00:55:22,570 这些都没办法让我真的离苦得乐

1666 00:55:22,570 --> 00:55:24,090 

1667 00:55:24,090 --> 00:55:25,610 那到底有什么办法让我真的离苦得乐

1668 00:55:25,610 --> 00:55:27,310  

1669 00:55:28,690 --> 00:55:29,890 那么梵志问

1670 00:55:29,890 --> 00:55:32,330 【當行 何法，使無此苦惱之患?

1671 00:55:32,330 --> 00:55:36,030 是時，尊者那伽婆 羅便說此偈:

1672 00:55:36,030 --> 00:55:38,230 「恩愛無明本，興諸苦惱患，彼 滅而無餘，便無復有苦。」】

1673 00:55:39,090 --> 00:55:40,670  

1674 00:55:40,670 --> 00:55:42,410  

1675 00:55:42,410 --> 00:55:43,890  

1676 00:55:43,890 --> 00:55:46,790 这个恩爱无明本的恩爱

1677 00:55:47,330 --> 00:55:48,750 其实就是所谓的什么

1678 00:55:49,690 --> 00:55:50,550 爱情

1679 00:55:51,110 --> 00:55:52,070  

1680 00:55:52,070 --> 00:55:54,050 那爱情又回到更早的

1681 00:55:54,050 --> 00:55:55,390 那讲的就是无明

1682 00:55:56,310 --> 00:55:58,290 所以无明可以分成

1683 00:55:58,290 --> 00:55:59,790 两大方向的烦恼

1684 00:55:59,790 --> 00:56:01,550 一个是认知知见上的

1685 00:56:01,550 --> 00:56:02,310 就是我执、身见

1686 00:56:02,310 --> 00:56:03,210  

1687 00:56:03,210 --> 00:56:04,350 另外一个就是说

1688 00:56:04,350 --> 00:56:07,490 精神意志上的，那就是贪爱

1689 00:56:07,490 --> 00:56:08,910 无明、贪爱

1690 00:56:09,470 --> 00:56:12,550 其实总归为无明的根本烦恼

1691 00:56:12,550 --> 00:56:15,030 他就说【「恩愛無明本，興諸苦惱患，

1692 00:56:15,030 --> 00:56:16,450  

1693 00:56:16,450 --> 00:56:17,730 彼 滅而無餘，便無復有苦。」

1694 00:56:17,730 --> 00:56:18,710  

1695 00:56:18,710 --> 00:56:21,650 是時，彼梵志正聞 語已，即時便說此偈:

1696 00:56:22,430 --> 00:56:23,910  

1697 00:56:23,910 --> 00:56:25,630 「雖老不極老，所行如 弟子，願聽出家學，使得離此災。】

1698 00:56:25,630 --> 00:56:27,370  

1699 00:56:27,370 --> 00:56:29,470  

1700 00:56:29,470 --> 00:56:31,190  

1701 00:56:31,190 --> 00:56:32,530 他说【雖老不極老，所行如 弟子】

1702 00:56:32,530 --> 00:56:33,990  

1703 00:56:33,990 --> 00:56:35,350 什么意思

1704 00:56:37,190 --> 00:56:37,630  

1705 00:56:37,630 --> 00:56:38,810 我虽然老了

1706 00:56:38,810 --> 00:56:40,410 但还不是真的老到不能动

1707 00:56:40,930 --> 00:56:42,790  

1708 00:56:42,790 --> 00:56:44,270 所行如弟子是什么

1709 00:56:44,910 --> 00:56:46,830 我愿意当你的弟子

1710 00:56:47,450 --> 00:56:48,010 然后 

1711 00:56:48,010 --> 00:56:49,570 【願聽出家學，使得離此災。】

1712 00:56:49,570 --> 00:56:50,390  

1713 00:56:50,390 --> 00:56:51,270  

1714 00:56:51,270 --> 00:56:52,590  

1715 00:56:52,590 --> 00:56:52,830  

1716 00:56:52,830 --> 00:56:54,870 【是時，尊 者那伽婆羅即授彼三衣，使出家學道。】

1717 00:56:54,870 --> 00:56:56,110  

1718 00:56:56,110 --> 00:56:57,490  

1719 00:56:58,230 --> 00:56:59,330 他意思是说

1720 00:56:59,330 --> 00:56:59,530 

1721 00:57:00,110 --> 00:57:02,730 既然有办法能够解决这样的事情

1722 00:57:03,290 --> 00:57:04,650 那我还不是很老

1723 00:57:05,130 --> 00:57:07,770 我还是可以跟着你去修行

1724 00:57:07,770 --> 00:57:09,530 所以我愿意当你的弟子

1725 00:57:09,530 --> 00:57:11,170 然后跟着你去修行

1726 00:57:11,170 --> 00:57:13,030 所以那伽婆羅就 给他三衣

1727 00:57:13,030 --> 00:57:14,350 

1728 00:57:14,350 --> 00:57:15,170  

1729 00:57:16,090 --> 00:57:17,510 剃度 帮他出家

1730 00:57:17,510 --> 00:57:19,190 然后让他随着这样去修行

1731 00:57:19,910 --> 00:57:20,890 这个就是什么

1732 00:57:20,890 --> 00:57:22,890 无常的真实观察

1733 00:57:23,350 --> 00:57:25,170 生活中的无常

1734 00:57:25,870 --> 00:57:26,470  

1735 00:57:26,470 --> 00:57:28,190 讲到这里有没有什么问题

1736 00:57:29,050 --> 00:57:29,870 可以吗

1737 00:57:29,870 --> 00:57:31,550 那我们先修习十分钟

1738 00:57:31,990 --> 00:57:33,090  

1739 00:58:06,590 --> 00:58:09,530 （仍需大众慷慨解恼

1740 00:58:09,530 --> 00:58:11,350 随喜功德）

1741 00:58:11,350 --> 00:58:11,850  

1742 00:58:12,350 --> 00:58:13,470 我们来看

1743 00:58:14,310 --> 00:58:16,410 生活上观察无常

1744 00:58:18,470 --> 00:58:19,550 二、當觀無常 (一) 雜阿含第一經

1745 00:58:19,550 --> 00:58:21,630  

1746 00:58:21,630 --> 00:58:23,370 你看 我们这个大纲

1747 00:58:24,150 --> 00:58:24,950 

1748 00:58:24,950 --> 00:58:26,630  

1749 00:58:26,630 --> 00:58:27,750 有无常法门

1750 00:58:27,750 --> 00:58:28,510  

1751 00:58:28,510 --> 00:58:29,610 当观无常

1752 00:58:29,610 --> 00:58:30,530  

1753 00:58:31,270 --> 00:58:32,870 那这里我们现在来谈

1754 00:58:32,870 --> 00:58:34,510 来讲当观无常

1755 00:58:35,330 --> 00:58:37,830 那当然这种标题 

1756 00:58:37,830 --> 00:58:39,530 只是说让大家有 学习的一个认知而已

1757 00:58:39,530 --> 00:58:41,170 

1758 00:58:41,170 --> 00:58:42,830 

1759 00:58:43,390 --> 00:58:44,290 他不一定说一定是这个标题

1760 00:58:44,290 --> 00:58:45,570 

1761 00:58:46,650 --> 00:58:48,830 你要说生活观无常也是可以

1762 00:58:49,490 --> 00:58:50,730 所以这个我们现在谈

1763 00:58:50,730 --> 00:58:51,610 当观无常

1764 00:58:51,610 --> 00:58:52,450 讲到这里

1765 00:58:52,450 --> 00:58:53,530 那接下来会讲

1766 00:58:53,530 --> 00:58:54,790 如何观无常

1767 00:58:55,390 --> 00:58:56,150 现观无常

1768 00:58:56,150 --> 00:58:56,970 三日无常

1769 00:58:56,970 --> 00:58:57,990 因缘观无常

1770 00:58:58,350 --> 00:58:59,690 缘起系列观无常

1771 00:58:59,690 --> 00:59:01,130 无常跟三解脱门

1772 00:59:01,130 --> 00:59:02,790 无常的学习

1773 00:59:02,790 --> 00:59:03,650 修习无常

1774 00:59:03,650 --> 00:59:04,810 验证无常

1775 00:59:04,810 --> 00:59:06,130 无常的种种开示

1776 00:59:08,250 --> 00:59:09,470 当观无常

1777 00:59:09,470 --> 00:59:11,250 我们现在谈到当观无常

1778 00:59:12,690 --> 00:59:13,550 【一時，佛住舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園。 爾時，世尊告 諸比丘:

1779 00:59:13,550 --> 00:59:15,270  

1780 00:59:15,270 --> 00:59:16,950  

1781 00:59:16,950 --> 00:59:17,930  

1782 00:59:17,930 --> 00:59:19,290  

1783 00:59:19,290 --> 00:59:21,760 「當觀色無常，如是觀者則為正觀;正觀者 則生厭離;

1784 00:59:22,410 --> 00:59:24,350  

1785 00:59:24,350 --> 00:59:25,610  

1786 00:59:25,610 --> 00:59:26,130  

1787 00:59:26,640 --> 00:59:27,410 厭離者喜、貪盡;喜、貪盡者說心解脫。

1788 00:59:27,410 --> 00:59:29,050  

1789 00:59:29,560 --> 00:59:30,570  

1790 00:59:30,570 --> 00:59:32,330  

1791 00:59:33,650 --> 00:59:34,490 如是，觀受、想、行、識無常，如是觀者則為正

觀;

1792 00:59:34,490 --> 00:59:36,350  

1793 00:59:36,350 --> 00:59:38,210  

1794 00:59:38,210 --> 00:59:39,650 正觀者則生厭離;厭離者喜、貪盡;喜、貪盡者

說心解脫。

1795 00:59:39,650 --> 00:59:40,170  

1796 00:59:40,170 --> 00:59:40,990  

1797 00:59:40,990 --> 00:59:42,130  

1798 00:59:42,510 --> 00:59:43,470  

1799 00:59:43,470 --> 00:59:44,630  

1800 00:59:44,630 --> 00:59:45,830 如是，比丘!心解脫者若欲自證，則能自證:

1801 00:59:46,350 --> 00:59:47,710  

1802 00:59:47,710 --> 00:59:48,970  

1803 00:59:48,970 --> 00:59:50,350 

1804 00:59:50,350 --> 00:59:52,290 『我生已盡，梵行已立，

1805 00:59:52,290 --> 00:59:53,430  

1806 00:59:53,430 --> 00:59:54,130 所作已作，自知不受後 有。』」】

1807 00:59:54,130 --> 00:59:55,390  

1808 00:59:56,450 --> 00:59:58,250 这个是杂阿含第一经

1809 00:59:59,150 --> 01:00:00,430 所以杂阿含第一经一开始

1810 01:00:00,430 --> 01:00:01,110 

1811 01:00:01,650 --> 01:00:02,990 开宗明义就跟你讲

1812 01:00:02,990 --> 01:00:04,350 观五蕴无常

1813 01:00:05,010 --> 01:00:05,970  

1814 01:00:05,970 --> 01:00:07,550 那这时候观五蕴无常

1815 01:00:07,550 --> 01:00:09,950 刚才经过那么多的探讨

1816 01:00:09,950 --> 01:00:11,550 他不只是观

1817 01:00:12,230 --> 01:00:12,890 观什么

1818 01:00:12,890 --> 01:00:14,590 现象上的无常而已

1819 01:00:14,590 --> 01:00:16,470 他要进一步怎么样

1820 01:00:16,470 --> 01:00:18,010 从缘起上理解无常性

1821 01:00:18,010 --> 01:00:18,970 

1822 01:00:18,970 --> 01:00:20,950 不是观无常相而已

1823 01:00:21,970 --> 01:00:22,850 这是第一个

1824 01:00:22,850 --> 01:00:24,890 我们的杂阿含第一经

1825 01:00:26,030 --> 01:00:27,690 佛陀告诉我们观无常

1826 01:00:27,690 --> 01:00:29,110 从无常门入

1827 01:00:29,110 --> 01:00:29,790  

1828 01:00:30,310 --> 01:00:30,750 再来

1829 01:00:30,750 --> 01:00:32,870 (二) 如來末後所說

1830 01:00:32,870 --> 01:00:34,390  

1831 01:00:34,390 --> 01:00:37,110 【世尊披鬱多羅僧，】

1832 01:00:38,410 --> 01:00:39,090 九衣

1833 01:00:39,530 --> 01:00:41,030 我们披在身上的这个衣

1834 01:00:41,630 --> 01:00:42,810 又称为袈裟

1835 01:00:42,810 --> 01:00:43,750 鬱多羅僧

1836 01:00:43,750 --> 01:00:45,430 【出金色臂，告諸比丘:

1837 01:00:45,430 --> 01:00:46,990  

1838 01:00:46,990 --> 01:00:49,810 「汝等當觀如來時時出世，如優曇鉢花時一

現耳。」

1839 01:00:49,810 --> 01:00:52,430  

1840 01:00:52,430 --> 01:00:54,190  

1841 01:00:54,190 --> 01:00:55,210  

1842 01:00:55,210 --> 01:00:57,370 爾時，世尊重觀此義，而說偈言。

1843 01:00:57,370 --> 01:00:58,370  

1844 01:00:58,370 --> 01:01:00,670 右臂紫金色  佛現如靈瑞

去來行無常  現滅無放逸

1845 01:01:00,670 --> 01:01:02,710  

1846 01:01:02,710 --> 01:01:04,970  

1847 01:01:04,970 --> 01:01:06,830  

1848 01:01:06,830 --> 01:01:09,310是故，比丘! 無為放逸，我以不放逸故，自 致正覺。

1849 01:01:09,310 --> 01:01:10,610  

1850 01:01:10,610 --> 01:01:11,970  

1851 01:01:11,970 --> 01:01:13,350 無量眾善，亦由不放逸得。

1852 01:01:13,350 --> 01:01:14,630  

1853 01:01:14,630 --> 01:01:18,130 一切萬 物無常存者，此是 如來末後所說。】

1854 01:01:18,130 --> 01:01:20,250  

1855 01:01:20,250 --> 01:01:21,870 意思就是说

1856 01:01:21,870 --> 01:01:24,410 如来最后要走的时候

1857 01:01:24,410 --> 01:01:25,510 从这个经来讲

1858 01:01:25,510 --> 01:01:26,990 他是劝诫比丘们观无常

1859 01:01:28,030 --> 01:01:29,110  

1860 01:01:31,610 --> 01:01:32,730  

1861 01:01:34,330 --> 01:01:35,250 

1862 01:01:35,250 --> 01:01:36,670 一切行无常

1863 01:01:36,670 --> 01:01:37,930 还有一个

1864 01:01:38,670 --> 01:01:39,150 他说

1865 01:01:39,150 --> 01:01:41,470 【來時時出世，如優曇鉢花時一

現耳。」

】

1866 01:01:42,070 --> 01:01:43,470  

1867 01:01:43,470 --> 01:01:45,070  

1868 01:01:45,610 --> 01:01:47,030 如来时时出世

1869 01:01:47,030 --> 01:01:49,310 其实这个时时不是常常出现

1870 01:01:50,190 --> 01:01:52,650 他这个时时是一段时间

1871 01:01:52,650 --> 01:01:53,810  

1872 01:01:53,810 --> 01:01:54,910 一段时间

1873 01:01:54,910 --> 01:01:55,650  

1874 01:01:55,650 --> 01:01:57,710 但是这一段时间中间很长

1875 01:01:58,430 --> 01:01:59,190  

1876 01:02:00,270 --> 01:02:01,370 这样了解吗

1877 01:02:01,370 --> 01:02:02,110  

1878 01:02:02,110 --> 01:02:03,830 这个时时不是常常

1879 01:02:03,830 --> 01:02:06,190 是指佛陀要 一段时间（之后）才能出现

1880 01:02:06,190 --> 01:02:08,270

1881 01:02:09,630 --> 01:02:10,730 那这一段时间

1882 01:02:10,730 --> 01:02:12,390 一段时间中间是满长的

1883 01:02:13,230 --> 01:02:14,150 比如说

1884 01:02:14,890 --> 01:02:16,850 如果是经典所说

1885 01:02:17,540 --> 01:02:18,130  

1886 01:02:18,650 --> 01:02:20,210 释迦牟尼佛是两千多年前

1887 01:02:20,210 --> 01:02:20,530  

1888 01:02:21,410 --> 01:02:24,830 下一尊佛是弥勒菩萨成佛

1889 01:02:25,350 --> 01:02:28,210 那大概计算一下是什么时候

1890 01:02:30,390 --> 01:02:32,810 五十多亿年以后

1891 01:02:34,970 --> 01:02:35,410  

1892 01:02:35,410 --> 01:02:37,750 五十多亿年

1893 01:02:37,750 --> 01:02:38,510  

1894 01:02:38,510 --> 01:02:40,850 以我们这个世间来算

1895 01:02:40,850 --> 01:02:42,830 是五十多亿年以后

1896 01:02:44,630 --> 01:02:46,230 才有第二尊佛出现

1897 01:02:46,230 --> 01:02:48,050 所以这个时时是蛮长的

1898 01:02:48,050 --> 01:02:49,570 我们这个两千多年可以忽略不算

1899 01:02:49,570 --> 01:02:50,570 

1900 01:02:51,550 --> 01:02:53,550 至少还有五十亿年

1901 01:02:54,110 --> 01:02:55,490 那长不长

1902 01:02:55,490 --> 01:02:56,310 那是很长

1903 01:02:56,310 --> 01:02:57,530 所以他说什么

1904 01:02:57,530 --> 01:02:58,810 如来的出现如優曇鉢花時一

現

1905 01:02:58,810 --> 01:03:01,070  

1906 01:03:01,070 --> 01:03:03,630 優曇鉢花是很难得的

1907 01:03:03,630 --> 01:03:05,170 它开花的时间很短

1908 01:03:05,170 --> 01:03:06,310  

1909 01:03:06,310 --> 01:03:07,850 但是它什么时候开不知道

1910 01:03:07,850 --> 01:03:09,330 要很长的时间

1911 01:03:09,330 --> 01:03:11,330 但是它开就这么短短的

1912 01:03:11,330 --> 01:03:13,210 你没看到就没了

1913 01:03:13,210 --> 01:03:15,230 所以他就是告诉你说

1914 01:03:15,230 --> 01:03:16,170 诸行无常

1915 01:03:16,170 --> 01:03:18,610 我们现在有佛法

1916 01:03:18,610 --> 01:03:20,630 虽然没有碰到佛陀

1917 01:03:20,630 --> 01:03:23,030 但是毕竟两千多年来还有佛法

1918 01:03:23,030 --> 01:03:24,270 

1919 01:03:24,270 --> 01:03:25,550 既然有佛法

1920 01:03:25,550 --> 01:03:27,410 所以就好好听经闻法

1921 01:03:27,410 --> 01:03:28,890 好好修学

1922 01:03:29,510 --> 01:03:31,110 他就告诉我们这样子

1923 01:03:32,570 --> 01:03:33,830 (三) 剎那無常

1924 01:03:35,510 --> 01:03:37,690 【爾時，世尊告諸比丘:

1925 01:03:37,690 --> 01:03:39,290 「一切行無常，不恒、不 安，是變易法。

1926 01:03:39,290 --> 01:03:40,230  

1927 01:03:40,230 --> 01:03:41,170  

1928 01:03:41,170 --> 01:03:42,990 

1929 01:03:42,990 --> 01:03:43,870 諸比丘!常當觀察一切諸行，修習厭 離、不樂、解脫。」】

1930 01:03:43,870 --> 01:03:46,510  

1931 01:03:46,510 --> 01:03:47,730  

1932 01:03:47,730 --> 01:03:48,410  

1933 01:03:48,410 --> 01:03:49,030  

1934 01:03:49,030 --> 01:03:49,970  

1935 01:03:50,510 --> 01:03:51,830 他说一切行無常，不恒、不 安，是變易法。

1936 01:03:51,830 --> 01:03:52,730  

1937 01:03:52,730 --> 01:03:53,830  

1938 01:03:54,510 --> 01:03:55,270  

1939 01:03:55,770 --> 01:03:56,810  

1940 01:03:57,420 --> 01:03:58,030 为什么不安

1941 01:03:59,870 --> 01:04:00,750 不稳定

1942 01:04:01,420 --> 01:04:02,410 你是无常变化

1943 01:04:02,410 --> 01:04:04,090 它不是稳定的

1944 01:04:04,090 --> 01:04:05,690 它是一直在变化的

1945 01:04:05,690 --> 01:04:07,050 所以叫做不安

1946 01:04:07,570 --> 01:04:08,790 变异法

1947 01:04:10,050 --> 01:04:12,030 【諸比丘!常當觀察一切諸行，修習厭 離、不樂、解脫。」

1948 01:04:12,030 --> 01:04:13,110  

1949 01:04:13,110 --> 01:04:13,750  

1950 01:04:13,750 --> 01:04:17,170 就是不要贪染我们这个身心

1951 01:04:17,170 --> 01:04:18,590 不要贪染我们这个生活

1952 01:04:18,590 --> 01:04:19,430 修習厭 離、不樂、解脫。」

1953 01:04:19,430 --> 01:04:19,770  

1954 01:04:19,770 --> 01:04:20,890  

1955 01:04:20,890 --> 01:04:21,870  

1956 01:04:21,870 --> 01:04:22,590 什么是不乐

1957 01:04:22,590 --> 01:04:24,430 是不贪染的意思

1958 01:04:24,430 --> 01:04:25,870 然后解脱

1959 01:04:25,870 --> 01:04:28,110【時，有異比丘從座起，整衣服， 

1960 01:04:28,110 --> 01:04:29,130  

1961 01:04:29,630 --> 01:04:30,670 為佛作禮，右膝著地，合掌白佛:

1962 01:04:30,670 --> 01:04:31,850  

1963 01:04:31,850 --> 01:04:33,070  

1964 01:04:33,750 --> 01:04:35,130 「壽命遷滅，遲速 如何?」】

1965 01:04:35,710 --> 01:04:36,730  

1966 01:04:38,510 --> 01:04:41,430 他说我们的壽命遷滅

1967 01:04:41,430 --> 01:04:42,610 一直在变化

1968 01:04:42,610 --> 01:04:43,670 然后到最后死掉

1969 01:04:43,670 --> 01:04:44,250 遷滅，遲速 如何?

1970 01:04:45,030 --> 01:04:46,050  

1971 01:04:46,050 --> 01:04:47,350 那么快慢是怎么样

1972 01:04:47,910 --> 01:04:48,710 他就问

1973 01:04:48,710 --> 01:04:49,570  我们寿命的看起来有个几十年可以活

1974 01:04:49,570 --> 01:04:52,110 

1975 01:04:52,570 --> 01:04:53,570 遲速 如何?

1976 01:04:53,570 --> 01:04:54,890 【佛告比丘:「我則能說，但汝欲知者難。」】

1977 01:04:54,890 --> 01:04:56,310  

1978 01:04:56,310 --> 01:04:59,010  

1979 01:05:01,390 --> 01:05:02,110 什么意思

1980 01:05:02,110 --> 01:05:02,830 佛陀说我可以讲生命的这种变化

1981 01:05:03,290 --> 01:05:05,850 

1982 01:05:05,850 --> 01:05:06,790  

1983 01:05:06,790 --> 01:05:07,450 但问题是

1984 01:05:07,450 --> 01:05:09,810 如果你在那里弄清楚的话

1985 01:05:09,810 --> 01:05:10,710 我可以说

1986 01:05:10,710 --> 01:05:11,670 你听得懂有困难

1987 01:05:11,670 --> 01:05:12,670 

1988 01:05:13,890 --> 01:05:15,110 这句话倒不错

1989 01:05:15,630 --> 01:05:16,970 以后你要问什么

1990 01:05:20,350 --> 01:05:21,550 我则能说

1991 01:05:22,130 --> 01:05:23,110 然后你怎么样

1992 01:05:23,990 --> 01:05:25,530 但汝欲知则难

1993 01:05:26,030 --> 01:05:27,510  师父就可以说

1994 01:05:27,510 --> 01:05:28,450 我则能说

1995 01:05:28,450 --> 01:05:29,890 汝欲知则难

1996 01:05:30,990 --> 01:05:31,430  

1997 01:05:31,430 --> 01:05:32,730 然后说的你听不懂

1998 01:05:32,730 --> 01:05:33,190 你看看

1999 01:05:33,190 --> 01:05:34,870 我讲的你听不懂吧

2000 01:05:36,290 --> 01:05:37,330 那确实是

2001 01:05:37,330 --> 01:05:38,410 佛当然知道

2002 01:05:38,410 --> 01:05:39,030 他可以说

2003 01:05:39,030 --> 01:05:39,910 但问题是

2004 01:05:39,910 --> 01:05:41,890 你智慧没那么高

2005 01:05:41,890 --> 01:05:42,650 你不一定懂

2006 01:05:42,650 --> 01:05:43,750 你不一定能讲

2007 01:05:44,810 --> 01:05:45,890  

2008 01:05:46,990 --> 01:05:48,050 【比丘白佛:「可說譬不?」佛言:「可說。」

2009 01:05:48,050 --> 01:05:50,610  

2010 01:05:51,730 --> 01:05:52,690  

2011 01:05:52,690 --> 01:05:53,350 就是比喻

2012 01:05:54,650 --> 01:05:56,830 这个比丘也是蛮聪明的

2013 01:05:56,830 --> 01:05:57,870 他说没关系

2014 01:05:57,870 --> 01:05:59,770 你讲我听不懂

2015 01:05:59,770 --> 01:06:00,710 那你 用一个我可以明白的例子来说

2016 01:06:00,710 --> 01:06:02,210 

2017 01:06:03,250 --> 01:06:05,550 这个叫做佛教的辟喻文学

2018 01:06:06,230 --> 01:06:07,890 佛教不管是大小乘

2019 01:06:08,890 --> 01:06:10,570 他有一套专门的

2020 01:06:10,570 --> 01:06:11,730 就叫做辟喻文学

2021 01:06:12,830 --> 01:06:14,350 比如说他讲了什么

2022 01:06:14,350 --> 01:06:15,590 很难，你听不懂

2023 01:06:15,590 --> 01:06:17,270 然后他就用比喻

2024 01:06:17,710 --> 01:06:19,970 这比喻里面可是有文章的

2025 01:06:19,970 --> 01:06:21,990 可以做一些理论或一些探讨

2026 01:06:21,990 --> 01:06:22,870 

2027 01:06:22,870 --> 01:06:24,810 为什么他用这种比喻

2028 01:06:24,810 --> 01:06:26,730 他的用意到底是什么

2029 01:06:27,350 --> 01:06:29,370 这个时候佛 弟子就说

2030 01:06:29,370 --> 01:06:30,410 

2031 01:06:30,410 --> 01:06:31,570 那你能不能用比喻

2032 01:06:31,570 --> 01:06:32,910 佛言可说

2033 01:06:32,910 --> 01:06:34,270 那比喻就可以

2034 01:06:35,270 --> 01:06:36,530 佛告比丘

2035 01:06:43,770 --> 01:06:44,850 他说什么

2036 01:06:44,850 --> 01:06:48,430 有四个射箭高手士兵

2037 01:06:49,070 --> 01:06:51,110 每一个人拿着弓箭

2038 01:06:51,110 --> 01:06:54,550 然后往四个方向射箭

2039 01:06:54,550 --> 01:07:00,770 往四个方向东南西北射

2040 01:07:00,770 --> 01:07:04,230 【有 一士夫及箭未落，接取四箭。

2041 01:07:04,230 --> 01:07:05,470  

2042 01:07:05,470 --> 01:07:06,290 云何?比丘!如是士夫 為捷疾不?」】

2043 01:07:06,290 --> 01:07:08,990  

2044 01:07:10,450 --> 01:07:11,170 什么意思

2045 01:07:13,190 --> 01:07:14,650 其实他是在说超人

2046 01:07:17,290 --> 01:07:19,590 他意思是怎么样

2047 01:07:21,890 --> 01:07:23,510 他说四个人

2048 01:07:24,210 --> 01:07:26,090 一人拿一个弓箭

2049 01:07:26,090 --> 01:07:28,470 然后同时往四个方向射

2050 01:07:29,310 --> 01:07:30,330 那有一个人

2051 01:07:30,910 --> 01:07:32,210 要把这四支箭

2052 01:07:33,190 --> 01:07:34,510 还没落地之前

2053 01:07:35,370 --> 01:07:36,330 全部把它接住

2054 01:07:36,990 --> 01:07:38,910 那你说这个人是不是动作很快

2055 01:07:39,630 --> 01:07:41,010 我说是超人吧

2056 01:07:41,630 --> 01:07:43,410 不然谁有办法这样子做

2057 01:07:44,390 --> 01:07:45,350 动作很快

2058 01:07:45,810 --> 01:07:46,790 箭还没落地

2059 01:07:47,170 --> 01:07:48,510 所以他先跑那个方向把箭接住了

2060 01:07:48,510 --> 01:07:49,490  

2061 01:07:49,490 --> 01:07:50,470 再跑另外一个方向把箭接住了

2062 01:07:50,470 --> 01:07:51,190 

2063 01:07:51,810 --> 01:07:52,550 严格来讲

2064 01:07:52,550 --> 01:07:53,750 应该没有人有这种能力

2065 01:07:54,630 --> 01:07:55,810 所以佛陀说

2066 01:07:56,790 --> 01:07:57,790 【云何?比丘!如是士夫 為捷疾不?」】

2067 01:07:57,790 --> 01:08:01,090  

2068 01:08:01,090 --> 01:08:01,890 是不是动作很快

2069 01:08:01,890 --> 01:08:03,130 是的，动作很快

2070 01:08:03,790 --> 01:08:06,670 【比丘白佛:「捷疾。世尊!」

2071 01:08:06,670 --> 01:08:07,870 佛告比丘: 「此接箭士夫雖復捷疾，有地神天子倍疾於彼，

2072 01:08:07,870 --> 01:08:11,230  

2073 01:08:11,230 --> 01:08:14,250  

2074 01:08:14,250 --> 01:08:18,190 虛空 神天倍疾地神，四王天子來去倍疾於虛空神天，

2075 01:08:18,190 --> 01:08:21,790  

2076 01:08:21,790 --> 01:08:24,610 日月 天子復倍捷疾於四王天，

2077 01:08:24,610 --> 01:08:26,550  

2078 01:08:26,550 --> 01:08:30,490 導日月神復倍捷疾於日月天 子。

2079 01:08:30,490 --> 01:08:32,690  

2080 01:08:33,550 --> 01:08:39,750 諸比丘!命行遷變倍疾於彼導日月神。

2081 01:08:39,750 --> 01:08:42,050 是故，諸 比丘!當勤方便，觀察命行無常迅速如是。」】

2082 01:08:42,050 --> 01:08:44,030  

2083 01:08:44,030 --> 01:08:44,470  

2084 01:08:46,810 --> 01:08:47,730 他说什么

2085 01:08:52,980 --> 01:08:54,880 他说如果真的有这么一个人

2086 01:08:54,880 --> 01:08:55,840 可以把它都接住

2087 01:08:56,260 --> 01:08:56,680  

2088 01:08:56,680 --> 01:08:58,480 那么就有地神

2089 01:08:59,460 --> 01:09:00,820 那地神他是神啊

2090 01:09:00,820 --> 01:09:01,800 那一定比人快的

2091 01:09:01,800 --> 01:09:02,840 但是还不足

2092 01:09:03,460 --> 01:09:04,800 地神还没那么厉害

2093 01:09:04,800 --> 01:09:05,640 还有怎么样

2094 01:09:06,100 --> 01:09:06,780 天神

2095 01:09:07,380 --> 01:09:08,880 天神比地神更快

2096 01:09:09,900 --> 01:09:12,120 也就是说有人比超人更快就对了

2097 01:09:13,360 --> 01:09:14,840 那么还有日月神

2098 01:09:14,840 --> 01:09:15,990 还有什么神什么神

2099 01:09:16,400 --> 01:09:17,120 那比比比

2100 01:09:17,120 --> 01:09:18,500 哇，这些动作都太快了

2101 01:09:18,500 --> 01:09:20,780 但是这些快都不如什么

2102 01:09:22,240 --> 01:09:24,780 我们生命刹那的不断变化往前的推移

2103 01:09:24,780 --> 01:09:26,440 

2104 01:09:26,440 --> 01:09:28,960 这个就叫做刹那变化往前的推移

2105 01:09:29,600 --> 01:09:30,740  

2106 01:09:30,740 --> 01:09:32,400 都不如来的这个快

2107 01:09:32,960 --> 01:09:33,940 意思就是什么

2108 01:09:33,940 --> 01:09:34,780  

2109 01:09:34,780 --> 01:09:37,220 身心生命的刹那变化

2110 01:09:37,220 --> 01:09:38,620 所谓的无常变化

2111 01:09:38,620 --> 01:09:40,900 所以他这个地方已经告诉你说

2112 01:09:40,900 --> 01:09:42,440 我们变化是时时刻刻

2113 01:09:42,440 --> 01:09:44,440 无时无刻不在刹那变化的

2114 01:09:44,440 --> 01:09:45,560 是很快的

2115 01:09:45,560 --> 01:09:47,660 只是说他可能变化的太快

2116 01:09:47,660 --> 01:09:49,680 我们一时可能察觉不到而已

2117 01:09:49,680 --> 01:09:52,580 但是终究是变化无常

2118 01:09:52,580 --> 01:09:53,800 所以叫我们怎么样

2119 01:09:53,800 --> 01:09:55,940 比丘当观

2120 01:09:55,940 --> 01:09:56,680 观什么

2121 01:09:56,680 --> 01:10:00,540 觀察命行無常迅速如是。

2122 01:10:00,540 --> 01:10:02,080 所以叫我们要及时修行

2123 01:10:02,080 --> 01:10:05,180 

2124 01:10:05,180 --> 01:10:06,720 不是及时享乐

2125 01:10:06,720 --> 01:10:08,460 要及时修行

2126 01:10:08,460 --> 01:10:09,880 这个就是什么

2127 01:10:09,880 --> 01:10:12,480 刹那无常的观察

2128 01:10:12,480 --> 01:10:13,880  

2129 01:10:15,180 --> 01:10:15,880 可以吗

2130 01:10:15,880 --> 01:10:16,580 有没有什么问题

2131 01:10:17,640 --> 01:10:19,260 没有的话我们继续来看

2132 01:10:19,260 --> 01:10:20,120  

2133 01:10:20,120 --> 01:10:22,220 看下一个经

2134 01:10:24,040 --> 01:10:26,760 (四) 無常想多修習

2135 01:10:26,760 --> 01:10:28,860 上面这个是刹那无常

2136 01:10:28,860 --> 01:10:30,780 这个(二) 如來末後所說

2137 01:10:30,780 --> 01:10:32,300 然后这个（三）是讲刹那无常

2138 01:10:32,300 --> 01:10:34,540 然后这个（四）讲无常想多修习

2139 01:10:35,240 --> 01:10:37,180 【爾時，世尊告諸比丘:「無常想修習多修習，

2140 01:10:37,180 --> 01:10:40,260  

2141 01:10:40,260 --> 01:10:41,980 能斷一切欲愛、色愛、無色愛、掉、慢、無明。

2142 01:10:41,980 --> 01:10:43,900  

2143 01:10:43,900 --> 01:10:45,460  

2144 01:10:45,460 --> 01:10:47,000 譬如田夫，於夏末秋初深耕其地，發荄斷草。

2145 01:10:47,000 --> 01:10:51,580  

2146 01:10:52,820 --> 01:10:54,560  

2147 01:10:54,560 --> 01:10:56,140 如

是，比丘!無常想修習多修習，

2148 01:10:56,140 --> 01:10:58,640  

2149 01:10:58,640 --> 01:11:01,100 能斷一切欲愛、

色愛、無色愛、掉、慢、無明。

】

2150 01:11:01,100 --> 01:11:02,700  

2151 01:11:05,600 --> 01:11:06,980 意思就告诉你说

2152 01:11:06,980 --> 01:11:09,080 无常想修习多修习

2153 01:11:09,820 --> 01:11:10,680  

2154 01:11:10,680 --> 01:11:12,280 它可以 最终断除一切烦恼

2155 01:11:13,740 --> 01:11:15,380 

2156 01:11:15,380 --> 01:11:17,160 你看它可以断欲爱

2157 01:11:18,380 --> 01:11:19,300  

2158 01:11:19,300 --> 01:11:21,260 欲爱就欲界的烦恼

2159 01:11:22,320 --> 01:11:24,160 色、无色界的贪染

2160 01:11:24,160 --> 01:11:25,900 还有掉举、慢

2161 01:11:28,300 --> 01:11:30,340  最微细的我执

2162 01:11:30,840 --> 01:11:32,180 最微细的我执，慢

2163 01:11:32,180 --> 01:11:33,060  

2164 01:11:33,060 --> 01:11:34,440 这个无明是总称

2165 01:11:34,440 --> 01:11:36,360 就是到最后

2166 01:11:36,360 --> 01:11:38,280 所有的无明烦恼都可以断除

2167 01:11:38,280 --> 01:11:39,000  

2168 01:11:39,000 --> 01:11:43,020 所以这个叫做无常想 修习多修习

2169 01:11:44,560 --> 01:11:45,380  

2170 01:11:45,380 --> 01:11:47,540 当然这个经典会讲得比较简要

2171 01:11:47,540 --> 01:11:48,840 师父刚刚讲过说

2172 01:11:48,840 --> 01:11:49,420 无常想

2173 01:11:49,420 --> 01:11:52,020 你不能只是观察现象无常

2174 01:11:52,020 --> 01:11:55,100 但是现象无常的观察还是必要

2175 01:11:55,100 --> 01:11:57,880 因为现象无常的观察是比较粗的

2176 01:11:57,880 --> 01:11:59,220 你可以感受得到

2177 01:11:59,600 --> 01:12:00,640 但是到最后 

2178 01:12:00,640 --> 01:12:03,020 还是要从法理上去理解无常的法性

2179 01:12:03,020 --> 01:12:04,260 

2180 01:12:05,180 --> 01:12:06,140 

2181 01:12:06,140 --> 01:12:07,780 就是无有常性

2182 01:12:07,780 --> 01:12:09,640 那无有常性呢

2183 01:12:09,640 --> 01:12:12,740 你是在认识知见上去理解

2184 01:12:12,740 --> 01:12:13,740 但是观察

2185 01:12:13,740 --> 01:12:16,720 还是得从世间的变化上去理解观察

2186 01:12:16,720 --> 01:12:17,800 这样才能互相补足相得益彰

2187 01:12:18,900 --> 01:12:20,940 

2188 01:12:22,280 --> 01:12:22,760  

2189 01:12:22,760 --> 01:12:24,020 他接下来比喻 

2190 01:12:24,020 --> 01:12:25,900 【「譬如，比丘!如人刈草，手攬其端，

2191 01:12:25,900 --> 01:12:27,140  

2192 01:12:27,780 --> 01:12:29,160  

2193 01:12:29,160 --> 01:12:30,520 舉而抖擻， 萎枯悉落，取其長者。】

2194 01:12:31,540 --> 01:12:32,900  

2195 01:12:32,900 --> 01:12:34,300  

2196 01:12:37,600 --> 01:12:38,680 静熙，这什么意思

2197 01:12:38,680 --> 01:12:40,340 静熙你以前是不是耕农

2198 01:12:40,340 --> 01:12:42,200  

2199 01:12:46,150 --> 01:12:47,230 做过农田的

2200 01:12:47,230 --> 01:12:47,910 这什么意思

2201 01:12:47,910 --> 01:12:51,130 就是你把一把草抓起来

2202 01:12:51,130 --> 01:12:51,930 然后抖一抖

2203 01:12:51,930 --> 01:12:52,870 把你都抓住

2204 01:12:53,310 --> 01:12:54,990 剩下的都藏在那些草

2205 01:12:54,990 --> 01:12:56,290  

2206 01:12:56,290 --> 01:12:57,430 他这个可能就是说

2207 01:12:58,650 --> 01:12:59,130  

2208 01:12:59,130 --> 01:13:00,550 如人割草

2209 01:13:00,550 --> 01:13:01,310 有没有看到

2210 01:13:01,790 --> 01:13:03,970 他就是有用的东西一把 

2211 01:13:03,970 --> 01:13:05,610 然后他割掉

2212 01:13:06,170 --> 01:13:07,750 割掉之后呢

2213 01:13:07,750 --> 01:13:08,010  

2214 01:13:08,010 --> 01:13:09,570 手攬其端，

2215 01:13:09,570 --> 01:13:11,690 就抓住末端 

2216 01:13:12,350 --> 01:13:13,310 抓住之后呢

2217 01:13:13,310 --> 01:13:15,090 然后舉而抖擻

2218 01:13:16,390 --> 01:13:18,010 萎枯悉落，

2219 01:13:18,010 --> 01:13:19,130 抖一抖

2220 01:13:19,850 --> 01:13:20,550 抖一抖

2221 01:13:20,550 --> 01:13:21,810 抖一抖

2222 01:13:21,810 --> 01:13:22,870 那那些没用的就都掉了

2223 01:13:23,530 --> 01:13:24,710 

2224 01:13:24,710 --> 01:13:25,350  

2225 01:13:25,350 --> 01:13:26,450 他要的就是这个长的、有用的

2226 01:13:26,450 --> 01:13:27,110 

2227 01:13:27,110 --> 01:13:27,950 

2228 01:13:27,950 --> 01:13:29,510 有这种东西吗

2229 01:13:30,350 --> 01:13:31,230 有啊

2230 01:13:31,230 --> 01:13:32,770 那个叫什么

2231 01:13:33,290 --> 01:13:34,910 就是一般的草里头

2232 01:13:34,910 --> 01:13:36,030 它总有枯的嘛

2233 01:13:36,030 --> 01:13:37,650 然后你一抖了以后

2234 01:13:37,650 --> 01:13:39,730 那些长的杆就留在手上了

2235 01:13:39,730 --> 01:13:41,390 那这个杆的是有用的是

2236 01:13:41,390 --> 01:13:43,550 一般都是留着用的

2237 01:13:43,550 --> 01:13:45,350  

2238 01:13:45,350 --> 01:13:46,550 那什么农作品是这样子

2239 01:13:47,790 --> 01:13:48,230  

2240 01:13:50,130 --> 01:13:51,450  

2241 01:13:51,450 --> 01:13:52,950 一般割麦子的时候

2242 01:13:52,950 --> 01:13:55,070 里头一些杂草

2243 01:13:55,070 --> 01:13:56,290 麦子是不是

2244 01:13:57,890 --> 01:13:59,130 或是那种

2245 01:13:59,130 --> 01:14:01,530 这边的那种木草

2246 01:14:02,470 --> 01:14:03,470 木草对不对

2247 01:14:04,170 --> 01:14:05,570 当然他现在用机器

2248 01:14:05,570 --> 01:14:07,490 但是古代可能木草割了之后

2249 01:14:07,490 --> 01:14:09,190 抖一抖可能枯的掉了

2250 01:14:09,190 --> 01:14:10,810 就要留好的那些

2251 01:14:11,670 --> 01:14:13,250 但另外一种是怎么样

2252 01:14:13,950 --> 01:14:15,070 如果是稻米

2253 01:14:16,310 --> 01:14:17,330 稻米是怎么样

2254 01:14:21,290 --> 01:14:23,550 稻米是掉的那个是要的

2255 01:14:23,550 --> 01:14:24,670 这样了解

2256 01:14:25,510 --> 01:14:26,970 以前我看过那个稻米

2257 01:14:26,970 --> 01:14:28,050 他是怎么弄的呢

2258 01:14:28,670 --> 01:14:30,110 他是割了之后

2259 01:14:30,610 --> 01:14:32,270 抓住根那一边

2260 01:14:33,430 --> 01:14:34,210  

2261 01:14:34,210 --> 01:14:36,390 然后有一个木制的机器

2262 01:14:36,390 --> 01:14:37,630 然后它在那边咬

2263 01:14:38,690 --> 01:14:40,050 然后它就在那边弄

2264 01:14:40,050 --> 01:14:41,330 然后你就把它靠近

2265 01:14:41,330 --> 01:14:43,330 然后一打打打它那个稻谷就掉到里面去

2266 01:14:43,830 --> 01:14:46,290  

2267 01:14:46,290 --> 01:14:47,070 那个是要的

2268 01:14:48,150 --> 01:14:50,450 然后剩下的这个梗他是不要的

2269 01:14:50,450 --> 01:14:51,550 然后他就拿去做其他的东西

2270 01:14:52,070 --> 01:14:53,790 

2271 01:14:54,350 --> 01:14:56,190 烧 还是做肥料

2272 01:14:56,190 --> 01:14:57,950 一般就把它烧掉做肥料

2273 01:14:59,010 --> 01:14:59,930 所以他就说

2274 01:14:59,930 --> 01:15:01,070 就像这样子

2275 01:15:01,070 --> 01:15:03,430 跟那个稻米不一样

2276 01:15:03,430 --> 01:15:05,770 他是要那个梗的东西

2277 01:15:05,770 --> 01:15:06,930  

2278 01:15:24,730 --> 01:15:27,310 其实他这个比喻都是怎么样

2279 01:15:27,310 --> 01:15:28,730 如果你修无常

2280 01:15:29,430 --> 01:15:31,670 无常想的比喻就好像说

2281 01:15:31,670 --> 01:15:33,050 我们把什么东西摇一摇

2282 01:15:33,050 --> 01:15:34,110 那东西就掉下来

2283 01:15:35,110 --> 01:15:36,090  

2284 01:15:36,090 --> 01:15:39,770 【「譬如菴羅果著樹，猛風搖條，果悉墮落。】

2285 01:15:40,250 --> 01:15:41,770  

2286 01:15:41,770 --> 01:15:42,810  风一来，摇一摇，果实都掉下来

2287 01:15:42,810 --> 01:15:44,750 

2288 01:15:44,750 --> 01:15:47,350 他只是比喻说如果你修习无常

2289 01:15:47,790 --> 01:15:49,330 你的这些烦恼就会慢慢慢慢慢慢掉落

2290 01:15:49,330 --> 01:15:51,650 

2291 01:15:51,650 --> 01:15:52,910 慢慢慢慢消灭

2292 01:15:52,910 --> 01:15:56,070 这个叫做无常想修习多修习

2293 01:15:56,070 --> 01:15:57,230 这样了解

2294 01:15:57,230 --> 01:15:59,130 所以在阿含经里面

2295 01:15:59,130 --> 01:16:00,590 他很注重无常观

2296 01:16:01,130 --> 01:16:02,450 很注重无常观

2297 01:16:02,930 --> 01:16:04,810 而且这个无常观师父说过

2298 01:16:04,810 --> 01:16:06,270 现象上的无常

2299 01:16:06,270 --> 01:16:09,410 虽然不是马上可以让你真正离苦得乐解脱

2300 01:16:09,410 --> 01:16:11,450 

2301 01:16:11,450 --> 01:16:12,590  

2302 01:16:13,050 --> 01:16:15,010 但是入手上，其实阿含经都叫你 观现象无常

2303 01:16:15,010 --> 01:16:17,550 

2304 01:16:17,550 --> 01:16:19,150 同时去了解他的无常法性

2305 01:16:19,150 --> 01:16:20,390 

2306 01:16:21,430 --> 01:16:22,350 这样各位了解

2307 01:16:23,030 --> 01:16:23,910 有没有什么问题

2308 01:16:24,690 --> 01:16:25,970 我们再来看第五

2309 01:16:27,090 --> 01:16:28,070 这个如果你们听师父上课上到这里

2310 01:16:28,070 --> 01:16:29,490 

2311 01:16:29,490 --> 01:16:31,470 这个经文也常常会有

2312 01:16:31,470 --> 01:16:33,930 而且这个逻辑也常常是这个样子

2313 01:16:33,930 --> 01:16:35,650 (五) 無常苦無我涅槃

2314 01:16:35,650 --> 01:16:36,510  

2315 01:16:37,490 --> 01:16:39,190  

2316 01:16:39,190 --> 01:16:41,150 【爾時，世尊告諸比丘:「色無常，無常 即苦，

2317 01:16:42,290 --> 01:16:43,130  

2318 01:16:43,790 --> 01:16:44,630  

2319 01:16:44,630 --> 01:16:47,830 苦即非我，非我者亦非我所。】

2320 01:16:47,830 --> 01:16:50,010  

2321 01:16:50,010 --> 01:16:51,410 就是无我无我所

2322 01:16:51,410 --> 01:16:53,330 【如是 觀者，名真實正觀。

2323 01:16:53,330 --> 01:16:55,850 如是受、想、行、识无常

2324 01:16:55,850 --> 01:16:57,290 無常即苦，苦即非我，非我者亦非 我所。

2325 01:16:57,290 --> 01:16:58,210  

2326 01:16:58,210 --> 01:17:00,110  

2327 01:17:00,110 --> 01:17:02,110 如是觀者，名真實觀。

2328 01:17:03,990 --> 01:17:05,850 「聖弟子! 如是觀者，厭於色，

2329 01:17:05,850 --> 01:17:07,170  

2330 01:17:07,170 --> 01:17:09,530 厭受、想、行、識， 厭故不樂，不樂故得解脫。

2331 01:17:09,530 --> 01:17:10,650  

2332 01:17:10,650 --> 01:17:12,330  

2333 01:17:12,330 --> 01:17:15,270 解脫者真實智 生:『我生已盡，

2334 01:17:15,270 --> 01:17:16,470  

2335 01:17:16,470 --> 01:17:17,950 梵行已立，所作已作， 自知不受後有。』」(雜9&10)】

2336 01:17:17,950 --> 01:17:19,670 

2337 01:17:21,090 --> 01:17:22,730 后面这一句

2338 01:17:25,190 --> 01:17:26,870 是阿罗汉定型句

2339 01:17:26,870 --> 01:17:28,750 你们应该很多都知道

2340 01:17:28,750 --> 01:17:30,850 是阿罗汉的定型句

2341 01:17:30,850 --> 01:17:33,150 阿罗汉都是这样说的

2342 01:17:33,670 --> 01:17:35,230 那么这一句

2343 01:17:35,230 --> 01:17:36,650 他说【色無常，無常 即苦，苦即非我，】 

2344 01:17:36,650 --> 01:17:38,390  

2345 01:17:38,390 --> 01:17:40,430  

2346 01:17:41,510 --> 01:17:42,710 苦就是无我

2347 01:17:42,710 --> 01:17:43,970  

2348 01:17:43,970 --> 01:17:47,570 【非我者即是非我所】

2349 01:17:47,570 --> 01:17:48,890 那这样的话

2350 01:17:48,890 --> 01:17:50,430 到最后就能怎么样

2351 01:17:50,430 --> 01:17:52,410我生已盡，梵行已立，所作已作， 自知不受後有。

2352 01:17:52,410 --> 01:17:54,110  

2353 01:17:54,110 --> 01:17:55,630 所以他是从无常，知苦而无我

2354 01:17:57,350 --> 01:17:58,450  

2355 01:17:59,450 --> 01:18:00,550 

2356 01:18:00,550 --> 01:18:02,790 那真能证无常无我

2357 01:18:02,790 --> 01:18:05,230 那就是所谓的达到涅槃

2358 01:18:05,230 --> 01:18:07,150 那么涅槃就是下面这一句

2359 01:18:07,150 --> 01:18:08,910 我生已盡，梵行已立，所作已作， 自知不受後有。

2360 01:18:08,910 --> 01:18:10,510  

2361 01:18:12,030 --> 01:18:14,230 这是阿含经很长的定型句

2362 01:18:14,230 --> 01:18:15,650 也是我们修行观察的一个入手

2363 01:18:15,650 --> 01:18:17,030 

2364 01:18:18,690 --> 01:18:19,630 那这个上次曾经说过

2365 01:18:19,630 --> 01:18:20,610  

2366 01:18:22,010 --> 01:18:23,830  如果你不了解阿含经的整体

2367 01:18:23,830 --> 01:18:25,110 

2368 01:18:25,690 --> 01:18:27,330 所以我们读阿含经要读经典

2369 01:18:27,330 --> 01:18:29,630 经典一部一部的短经

2370 01:18:29,630 --> 01:18:32,070 这个是很明显的是一个很短的经典

2371 01:18:33,630 --> 01:18:35,770 杂阿含经九跟十

2372 01:18:35,770 --> 01:18:37,310 很短的经典

2373 01:18:38,270 --> 01:18:39,050  

2374 01:18:39,050 --> 01:18:40,970 但是有时候我们阿含经由于太短

2375 01:18:40,970 --> 01:18:43,830 所以有时候不能单看单一经典

2376 01:18:43,830 --> 01:18:45,970 而是要把阿含经很多经典合起来

2377 01:18:45,970 --> 01:18:46,870 

2378 01:18:46,870 --> 01:18:48,650 全部一起来观察

2379 01:18:49,250 --> 01:18:50,430 所以这一句 

2380 01:18:50,430 --> 01:18:52,070 无常故苦 苦故无我

2381 01:18:52,070 --> 01:18:53,030 无我故涅槃

2382 01:18:54,290 --> 01:18:57,290 感觉上它好像是有逻辑的前后关系

2383 01:18:57,290 --> 01:18:57,570  

2384 01:18:58,510 --> 01:18:59,510 

2385 01:19:00,830 --> 01:19:01,270 是不是

2386 01:19:01,810 --> 01:19:02,810 比如 他说

2387 01:19:02,810 --> 01:19:05,310 【色無常，無常 即苦，苦即非我，】

2388 01:19:06,050 --> 01:19:07,130  

2389 01:19:10,070 --> 01:19:11,550 如果你没有对阿含经做一个整体的了解

2390 01:19:11,550 --> 01:19:12,790 

2391 01:19:12,790 --> 01:19:15,490 你光从色 无常

2392 01:19:15,490 --> 01:19:16,850 无常即苦 苦即无我

2393 01:19:16,850 --> 01:19:19,310 你这样推论的话就会有很多问题

2394 01:19:22,050 --> 01:19:23,830 无常是苦没有错

2395 01:19:25,450 --> 01:19:27,490  

2396 01:19:28,190 --> 01:19:28,670  

2397 01:19:29,430 --> 01:19:30,390  

2398 01:19:31,310 --> 01:19:33,330 但是无常并不是苦因啊

2399 01:19:33,830 --> 01:19:35,750 从这个经里面看起来

2400 01:19:35,750 --> 01:19:38,350 感觉无常是苦因

2401 01:19:38,990 --> 01:19:41,740 感觉无常是苦因

2402 01:19:42,280 --> 01:19:43,740  

2403 01:19:45,980 --> 01:19:46,500  

2404 01:19:47,440 --> 01:19:50,060 所以有一些经论 有一些教法

2405 01:19:50,640 --> 01:19:51,720  

2406 01:19:51,720 --> 01:19:53,320 它就会告诉你无常即苦

2407 01:19:53,320 --> 01:19:55,120 

2408 01:19:55,900 --> 01:19:57,540 是无常的必定是苦

2409 01:19:58,240 --> 01:19:58,760  

2410 01:20:00,320 --> 01:20:02,220 所以色无常即苦

2411 01:20:02,220 --> 01:20:03,120  

2412 01:20:03,820 --> 01:20:06,300 色可以包括我们身体的

2413 01:20:06,300 --> 01:20:08,880 也可以包括一切物质啊

2414 01:20:08,880 --> 01:20:10,380 那这样推的话变成

2415 01:20:10,380 --> 01:20:12,260 桌子是色 

2416 01:20:12,760 --> 01:20:14,160 桌子是无常

2417 01:20:14,780 --> 01:20:15,220  

2418 01:20:17,180 --> 01:20:18,240 所以桌子是苦

2419 01:20:19,840 --> 01:20:20,280  

2420 01:20:20,280 --> 01:20:23,000 这句话如果你照这样推，那就会推出这样的东西

2421 01:20:23,500 --> 01:20:24,700 那苦的无我

2422 01:20:24,700 --> 01:20:26,300 那桌子就是无我

2423 01:20:26,300 --> 01:20:28,980  桌子是无我 好像说的过去

2424 01:20:29,420 --> 01:20:30,640 但是桌子是苦

2425 01:20:30,640 --> 01:20:32,160 说不过去啊

2426 01:20:34,360 --> 01:20:34,800  

2427 01:20:35,320 --> 01:20:36,640 那你不能光从这样的一个简单的经教

2428 01:20:36,640 --> 01:20:38,660 

2429 01:20:38,660 --> 01:20:40,940 然后去推 

2430 01:20:40,940 --> 01:20:41,900 那色是无常

2431 01:20:41,900 --> 01:20:43,960 无常是苦，是没错啊

2432 01:20:43,960 --> 01:20:46,320 那怎么回事 怎么去理解呢

2433 01:20:50,420 --> 01:20:51,140 那无常到底是不是苦的因呢

2434 01:20:51,140 --> 01:20:53,420 

2435 01:20:56,340 --> 01:20:57,540 无常可能是苦的

2436 01:20:57,540 --> 01:20:58,340 其中一个条件

2437 01:20:58,340 --> 01:21:00,240 但绝对不是苦的根本因

2438 01:21:01,360 --> 01:21:02,840  如果是常的话

2439 01:21:03,340 --> 01:21:04,320 那可能就不会苦

2440 01:21:04,320 --> 01:21:06,040 但现实的问题是

2441 01:21:06,480 --> 01:21:08,740 现实不可能是常的 是无常的

2442 01:21:08,740 --> 01:21:09,240  

2443 01:21:10,060 --> 01:21:12,040 所以无常是苦 苦故无我

2444 01:21:12,580 --> 01:21:14,200 必须要配合四圣谛来看

2445 01:21:14,580 --> 01:21:15,620 

2446 01:21:15,620 --> 01:21:18,280 才能了解他整句的意思 

2447 01:21:19,300 --> 01:21:20,220 但是你回到四圣谛来看的时候

2448 01:21:20,220 --> 01:21:21,440 

2449 01:21:23,340 --> 01:21:24,480 四圣谛的第一句是苦圣谛

2450 01:21:24,480 --> 01:21:25,440 对不对

2451 01:21:26,400 --> 01:21:27,200 苦集

2452 01:21:28,200 --> 01:21:29,620 那集圣谛说什么

2453 01:21:29,620 --> 01:21:31,460 集圣谛是苦的因嘛

2454 01:21:32,220 --> 01:21:34,220 那集里面包括什么

2455 01:21:34,860 --> 01:21:35,660 惑跟业

2456 01:21:37,100 --> 01:21:38,700 那惑跟业里面

2457 01:21:38,700 --> 01:21:41,580 最根本的是什么

2458 01:21:41,580 --> 01:21:42,580 惑

2459 01:21:43,200 --> 01:21:44,720 所以 在四圣谛里面

2460 01:21:44,720 --> 01:21:46,060 他明明说惑烦恼才是苦因啊

2461 01:21:47,680 --> 01:21:48,880 

2462 01:21:49,480 --> 01:21:51,700 

2463 01:21:51,700 --> 01:21:53,160   苦集嘛

2464 01:21:53,160 --> 01:21:54,840 集就是因的意思啊

2465 01:21:54,840 --> 01:21:56,700 他并没有说无常是苦的因啊

2466 01:21:56,700 --> 01:21:58,780 

2467 01:22:00,360 --> 01:22:00,860  

2468 01:22:01,460 --> 01:22:03,200 但是这句话  一推感觉变成

2469 01:22:03,200 --> 01:22:05,060

2470 01:22:05,060 --> 01:22:06,260 好像无常就是苦的因

2471 01:22:06,260 --> 01:22:07,360 因为无常就是苦嘛

2472 01:22:10,000 --> 01:22:11,320 那是不是产生问题矛盾了

2473 01:22:11,320 --> 01:22:13,000 

2474 01:22:13,000 --> 01:22:14,760 四圣谛里面明明讲惑业才是苦的因

2475 01:22:14,760 --> 01:22:17,440 

2476 01:22:17,440 --> 01:22:18,940 这个地方又讲无常则是苦

2477 01:22:18,940 --> 01:22:20,300 

2478 01:22:21,480 --> 01:22:22,420 那能不能

2479 01:22:22,980 --> 01:22:24,740 整体的来把四圣谛跟这个汇在一起

2480 01:22:24,740 --> 01:22:25,720 

2481 01:22:25,720 --> 01:22:27,460 让他一个合理教法的解释呢

2482 01:22:28,040 --> 01:22:30,020 

2483 01:22:31,300 --> 01:22:32,520 当然可以啊

2484 01:22:32,520 --> 01:22:33,560 所以我说

2485 01:22:33,560 --> 01:22:35,960 看阿含经不能光看一个经

2486 01:22:35,960 --> 01:22:37,040 

2487 01:22:37,040 --> 01:22:39,040 就算是你要理解这个经

2488 01:22:39,040 --> 01:22:41,580 也要从其他经教一起来配合

2489 01:22:41,580 --> 01:22:43,740 做出一整套的理解才可以

2490 01:22:44,580 --> 01:22:45,020  

2491 01:22:46,460 --> 01:22:48,360 所以从阿含经的整体来看

2492 01:22:48,360 --> 01:22:50,420 师父才会化出ABC上个圈嘛

2493 01:22:51,660 --> 01:22:53,280 

2494 01:22:53,280 --> 01:22:55,580 那从ABC上个圈来看

2495 01:22:55,580 --> 01:22:57,180 一切都变成清楚明白又合理

2496 01:22:58,120 --> 01:23:00,100 

2497 01:23:00,720 --> 01:23:01,160  

2498 01:23:02,060 --> 01:23:03,660 你看到ABC上个圈

2499 01:23:03,660 --> 01:23:05,040 当然不是师父瞎掰的

2500 01:23:06,040 --> 01:23:07,840 是印顺导师的分析

2501 01:23:07,840 --> 01:23:09,000  

2502 01:23:09,000 --> 01:23:10,400 然后分析整体阿含经之后

2503 01:23:10,400 --> 01:23:13,300 而得到ABC上个圈的理解

2504 01:23:13,300 --> 01:23:14,020  

2505 01:23:19,860 --> 01:23:20,640  

2506 01:23:22,900 --> 01:23:25,720我执 不就是苦集里面的集吗

2507 01:23:26,180 --> 01:23:26,620  

2508 01:23:27,000 --> 01:23:28,520 我们不是说惑业吗

2509 01:23:28,520 --> 01:23:31,040 那惑就是根本就是我执见嘛

2510 01:23:31,040 --> 01:23:32,100  

2511 01:23:32,100 --> 01:23:34,760 那我执见一般来讲

2512 01:23:34,760 --> 01:23:35,660 这个地方

2513 01:23:37,440 --> 01:23:39,480 我们最容易产生

2514 01:23:39,480 --> 01:23:40,680 最容易观察

2515 01:23:40,680 --> 01:23:42,760 最容易想要去

2516 01:23:42,760 --> 01:23:44,480 就是去控制的

2517 01:23:44,480 --> 01:23:45,280 不就是无常变化的东西嘛

2518 01:23:46,580 --> 01:23:48,540  

2519 01:23:49,600 --> 01:23:50,160  

2520 01:23:50,160 --> 01:23:52,220 我执本身有执著为常

2521 01:23:52,220 --> 01:23:54,080 

2522 01:23:54,080 --> 01:23:55,480 执著为我

2523 01:23:55,480 --> 01:23:57,240 想要是控制主宰

2524 01:23:57,240 --> 01:23:58,120 

2525 01:23:58,120 --> 01:24:00,040 所以你看 

2526 01:24:00,040 --> 01:24:03,000 我执面对无常一定是产生冲突的

2527 01:24:03,000 --> 01:24:04,240 所以必定是苦

2528 01:24:04,780 --> 01:24:06,120 所以才会说无常故苦

2529 01:24:06,120 --> 01:24:07,620 

2530 01:24:07,620 --> 01:24:08,980  

2531 01:24:08,980 --> 01:24:10,460 合理吧

2532 01:24:11,240 --> 01:24:12,440 没问题吧

2533 01:24:12,440 --> 01:24:14,700 但这无常是苦

2534 01:24:15,240 --> 01:24:17,800 相对于有情的我执

2535 01:24:17,800 --> 01:24:19,500 才能这样子讲 

2536 01:24:19,500 --> 01:24:23,100 那这个我执必定是指有情的

2537 01:24:23,100 --> 01:24:25,140 所以他要排除掉什么

2538 01:24:26,480 --> 01:24:28,040 排除掉无情嘛

2539 01:24:28,660 --> 01:24:29,820 你谈无情的（无常）有什么意义呢

2540 01:24:29,820 --> 01:24:30,780 

2541 01:24:30,780 --> 01:24:32,700 你谈这个桌子这个粉笔

2542 01:24:32,700 --> 01:24:35,280 这个笔苦不苦没有意义啊

2543 01:24:35,280 --> 01:24:37,100 而且这个不合乎佛陀定义有情世间

2544 01:24:37,820 --> 01:24:39,580 

2545 01:24:39,580 --> 01:24:40,640  

2546 01:24:40,640 --> 01:24:42,120   

2547 01:24:43,080 --> 01:24:44,920 佛陀在阿含经里面定义

2548 01:24:44,920 --> 01:24:46,840 世间集、世间灭

2549 01:24:46,840 --> 01:24:49,600 有没有说包括桌子椅子啊

2550 01:24:49,600 --> 01:24:50,740 没有啊

2551 01:24:50,740 --> 01:24:52,680 佛陀讲在阿含经里面讲的世间是指什么

2552 01:24:52,680 --> 01:24:54,240 

2553 01:24:54,780 --> 01:24:56,120 五蕴身心 

2554 01:24:56,680 --> 01:24:58,080 那唯有有情

2555 01:24:58,080 --> 01:25:00,860 以人类为主才有五蕴世间嘛

2556 01:25:01,380 --> 01:25:02,400 这样了解吗

2557 01:25:02,400 --> 01:25:04,560 可见当佛陀讲世间集世间灭的时候

2558 01:25:04,560 --> 01:25:05,720 

2559 01:25:05,720 --> 01:25:07,680 他是指有情 

2560 01:25:08,300 --> 01:25:10,640 所以就要把无情排除在外 

2561 01:25:10,640 --> 01:25:12,060 不去谈无情 

2562 01:25:12,060 --> 01:25:13,460 那 意思是什么

2563 01:25:13,460 --> 01:25:15,960 唯有有情才有这个我执嘛

2564 01:25:16,600 --> 01:25:16,820  

2565 01:25:16,820 --> 01:25:19,340 所以这个图整个配合起来

2566 01:25:20,260 --> 01:25:21,420 从这边来讲

2567 01:25:21,420 --> 01:25:23,000 无常故苦、苦故无我

2568 01:25:23,000 --> 01:25:24,840 然后配合四圣谛来看

2569 01:25:24,840 --> 01:25:26,240 一切都变得什么

2570 01:25:26,780 --> 01:25:28,520 清楚明白又合理

2571 01:25:30,200 --> 01:25:30,920  

2572 01:25:30,920 --> 01:25:33,000 因此苦集灭道的集 是我执的话

2573 01:25:33,000 --> 01:25:34,120

2574 01:25:35,060 --> 01:25:36,100 

2575 01:25:36,100 --> 01:25:38,900 那么你要解决苦的问题

2576 01:25:38,900 --> 01:25:40,740 必须从哪里去解决

2577 01:25:41,760 --> 01:25:43,340 从我执去解决嘛

2578 01:25:43,880 --> 01:25:46,440 如果你不了解

2579 01:25:46,440 --> 01:25:48,240 整体来讲的话

2580 01:25:48,240 --> 01:25:49,880 你如果光从无常故苦、苦故无我

2581 01:25:49,880 --> 01:25:52,000 

2582 01:25:55,240 --> 01:25:56,000 这样的一个逻辑来推论

2583 01:25:56,600 --> 01:25:57,700 

2584 01:25:57,700 --> 01:26:00,060 那么无常故苦你不会想说

2585 01:26:00,060 --> 01:26:02,680 那这样常就不苦了吗

2586 01:26:03,980 --> 01:26:04,380  

2587 01:26:05,880 --> 01:26:06,920 如果无常是苦

2588 01:26:06,920 --> 01:26:09,080 光从单纯中这来看

2589 01:26:09,080 --> 01:26:11,160 无常是苦，那常不就不苦了

2590 01:26:11,160 --> 01:26:12,820 那你要得到不苦

2591 01:26:12,820 --> 01:26:14,640 那唯一的就让它变成常

2592 01:26:16,880 --> 01:26:17,280  

2593 01:26:17,280 --> 01:26:21,040 你唯一不苦那你只好让万事万物变成常

2594 01:26:21,760 --> 01:26:23,060 那常就不苦了

2595 01:26:24,260 --> 01:26:25,060 问题是

2596 01:26:25,900 --> 01:26:26,740 无常是诸法的实相

2597 01:26:26,740 --> 01:26:27,740 

2598 01:26:28,940 --> 01:26:30,240 你根本不可能让万事万物变成常

2599 01:26:30,240 --> 01:26:31,920 

2600 01:26:33,180 --> 01:26:34,300 那既然这样的话

2601 01:26:34,300 --> 01:26:36,840 那这个不就变成一个无解的方程式了吗

2602 01:26:36,840 --> 01:26:38,160 

2603 01:26:38,980 --> 01:26:40,320 就没办法解决了

2604 01:26:41,060 --> 01:26:41,880 那问题是

2605 01:26:41,880 --> 01:26:44,180 佛陀离苦得乐怎么来的

2606 01:26:44,180 --> 01:26:46,440 佛陀 离苦得乐怎么来的

2607 01:26:50,460 --> 01:26:51,700 佛陀离苦得乐

2608 01:26:51,700 --> 01:26:54,160 他可没有告诉你是把无常变成常

2609 01:26:54,160 --> 01:26:55,640 

2610 01:26:56,280 --> 01:26:57,720 佛陀离苦得乐是从苦集灭道的灭

2611 01:26:58,580 --> 01:27:00,360 

2612 01:27:00,900 --> 01:27:01,640 灭跟道 

2613 01:27:01,640 --> 01:27:03,020 那道它是什么

2614 01:27:03,020 --> 01:27:05,360 是灭我执嘛，它没有叫你灭常

2615 01:27:06,260 --> 01:27:08,220 那如果你从四圣谛来讲

2616 01:27:09,020 --> 01:27:10,080 灭了我执

2617 01:27:12,360 --> 01:27:13,060  我执灭掉

2618 01:27:13,060 --> 01:27:14,620 这个是道圣地 

2619 01:27:14,620 --> 01:27:16,080 我执灭掉之后

2620 01:27:16,920 --> 01:27:19,440 道就是灭我执的一个过程跟方法

2621 01:27:19,440 --> 01:27:21,080 我执灭掉之后

2622 01:27:21,480 --> 01:27:22,820 你无常跟我执

2623 01:27:22,820 --> 01:27:24,100 这个必然没有我执的

2624 01:27:24,100 --> 01:27:26,080 无常还是一样无常

2625 01:27:26,080 --> 01:27:27,640 这个冲突不见了

2626 01:27:27,640 --> 01:27:29,480 冲突不见就不会有苦了

2627 01:27:31,340 --> 01:27:33,000 这才是四圣谛 

2628 01:27:33,940 --> 01:27:35,680 那这一套来理解

2629 01:27:36,200 --> 01:27:36,900 无常故苦、苦故无我

2630 01:27:36,900 --> 01:27:37,660 

2631 01:27:37,660 --> 01:27:39,360 也是合理的 

2632 01:27:40,120 --> 01:27:41,120 这样了解吗

2633 01:27:41,580 --> 01:27:43,400 因为你会苦所以表示这个我执是错误的嘛

2634 01:27:43,400 --> 01:27:44,960 

2635 01:27:46,220 --> 01:27:47,140 这样了解吗

2636 01:27:47,520 --> 01:27:49,540 那如果是错误，如果你能得到无我

2637 01:27:49,540 --> 01:27:52,720  那就不苦了 

2638 01:27:53,820 --> 01:27:55,520 这个就是做无常观

2639 01:27:55,520 --> 01:27:57,340 最终无常观而观察到无常的相对

2640 01:27:57,340 --> 01:27:59,440 

2641 01:27:59,440 --> 01:28:01,540 还有四圣谛的这个我见

2642 01:28:01,540 --> 01:28:03,260 它是苦的到最后 

2643 01:28:03,260 --> 01:28:05,880 能破除我执接受无常

2644 01:28:05,880 --> 01:28:08,060 这个就叫做什么？灭圣谛

2645 01:28:10,300 --> 01:28:11,580  有没有什么问题

2646 01:28:12,380 --> 01:28:13,920 所以观察无常 

2647 01:28:13,920 --> 01:28:16,060 师父一直强调观察无常

2648 01:28:16,060 --> 01:28:17,620  

2649 01:28:17,620 --> 01:28:19,140 观察无常是一个入手

2650 01:28:19,140 --> 01:28:22,080 但是你必须配合缘起法门

2651 01:28:22,080 --> 01:28:24,400 流转跟还灭的四圣谛

2652 01:28:24,400 --> 01:28:26,360 然后 入手去观察无常

2653 01:28:26,360 --> 01:28:27,860 这样才能得到法理上的无常性

2654 01:28:27,860 --> 01:28:29,500 

2655 01:28:29,500 --> 01:28:32,020 而不是只是观察现象上的无常相而已

2656 01:28:32,020 --> 01:28:32,900 

2657 01:28:34,140 --> 01:28:34,780  

2658 01:28:34,780 --> 01:28:36,260 讲到这里有没有什么问题

2659 01:28:39,530 --> 01:28:40,490  

2660 01:28:41,150 --> 01:28:42,790 来我们来继续多看一些经典

2661 01:28:44,390 --> 01:28:46,290  三、如何觀無常

2662 01:28:47,450 --> 01:28:49,050(一) 現觀無常、無我

2663 01:28:49,050 --> 01:28:49,850  

2664 01:28:49,850 --> 01:28:52,650 

2665 01:28:54,470 --> 01:28:56,650 这个经还蛮长的

2666 01:28:59,050 --> 01:29:00,090  

2667 01:29:00,550 --> 01:29:02,110 你们认这个繁体字会有问题吗

2668 01:29:02,970 --> 01:29:04,330 

2669 01:29:05,430 --> 01:29:06,110 不会啦

2670 01:29:06,110 --> 01:29:08,210 进修认这个繁体字会有问题

2671 01:29:08,210 --> 01:29:08,670 

2672 01:29:11,470 --> 01:29:12,430  

2673 01:29:12,430 --> 01:29:12,850 （师父

2674 01:29:12,850 --> 01:29:16,050 那如果前后这样弄起来

2675 01:29:16,050 --> 01:29:16,710 应该还可以

2676 01:29:16,710 --> 01:29:19,110 那你来念一下

2677 01:29:19,110 --> 01:29:20,710 把这段念一下

2678 01:29:22,810 --> 01:29:23,830 供养大家

2679 01:29:25,230 --> 01:29:26,210  

2680 01:29:26,210 --> 01:29:26,990  

2681 01:29:26,990 --> 01:29:27,870  

2682 01:29:27,870 --> 01:29:29,150 1、輸屢那

2683 01:29:29,930 --> 01:29:31,750 【時，有長者子，名輸屢那，日日遊行，到耆闍崛

山，

2684 01:29:31,750 --> 01:29:34,270  

2685 01:29:34,270 --> 01:29:35,210  

2686 01:29:36,030 --> 01:29:36,670  

2687 01:29:38,410 --> 01:29:39,050  

2688 01:29:39,050 --> 01:29:40,970  

2689 01:29:42,010 --> 01:29:43,690  

2690 01:29:44,430 --> 01:29:46,390 詣尊者舍利弗，問訊起居已，卻坐一面，語

舍利弗言:

2691 01:29:46,390 --> 01:29:48,110  

2692 01:29:48,110 --> 01:29:49,570  

2693 01:29:49,570 --> 01:29:51,030  

2694 01:29:51,030 --> 01:29:53,530 「若諸沙門、婆羅門於無常色;

2695 01:29:53,530 --> 01:29:55,970  

2696 01:29:55,970 --> 01:29:57,530 變易、不安

隱色言:『我勝、我等、我劣。』

2697 01:29:57,530 --> 01:29:59,570  

2698 01:29:59,570 --> 01:30:00,470  

2699 01:30:00,470 --> 01:30:03,270 何故沙門、婆

羅門，作如是想而不見真實?

2700 01:30:03,270 --> 01:30:06,010  

2701 01:30:06,010 --> 01:30:08,330 若沙門、婆羅門於無常、變易、不安隱受

2702 01:30:08,330 --> 01:30:09,990  

2703 01:30:09,990 --> 01:30:11,730  

2704 01:30:11,730 --> 01:30:14,590 ...... 想......行......識而言:『我勝、我等、我劣。』

2705 01:30:14,590 --> 01:30:15,810  

2706 01:30:15,810 --> 01:30:17,570  

2707 01:30:17,570 --> 01:30:19,730 何 故沙門、婆羅門作如是想而不見真實?】

2708 01:30:19,730 --> 01:30:22,310  

2709 01:30:22,910 --> 01:30:23,770  

2710 01:30:23,770 --> 01:30:25,090 他大概什么意思

2711 01:30:25,770 --> 01:30:28,170 他意思是说 无常变异不安稳的色

2712 01:30:28,170 --> 01:30:29,490

2713 01:30:29,490 --> 01:30:30,770 就是五蕴变化嘛

2714 01:30:30,770 --> 01:30:32,650 五蕴变化里面呢

2715 01:30:32,650 --> 01:30:34,170 然后去说我

2716 01:30:35,470 --> 01:30:36,710 什么叫做【我勝、我等、我劣

】

2717 01:30:36,710 --> 01:30:38,810  

2718 01:30:42,200 --> 01:30:42,680  

2719 01:30:44,180 --> 01:30:46,040 说我是不是比别人好

2720 01:30:46,040 --> 01:30:47,480 我跟大家都差不多

2721 01:30:47,480 --> 01:30:48,620 还有我不好

2722 01:30:48,620 --> 01:30:49,260 还是怎么样

2723 01:30:51,360 --> 01:30:52,940 敬仁你觉得是怎么样

2724 01:30:58,620 --> 01:30:59,140 就是说

2725 01:30:59,140 --> 01:31:01,060 比如说见到色的话

2726 01:31:01,060 --> 01:31:03,520 是我比色强，还是我跟色是一样的

2727 01:31:03,520 --> 01:31:05,220 还是我比色差

2728 01:31:06,580 --> 01:31:07,840 大概是这个意思

2729 01:31:07,840 --> 01:31:09,300 不是跟别人比

2730 01:31:10,180 --> 01:31:11,320 其实就是在五蕴里面执著我

2731 01:31:11,320 --> 01:31:13,320 

2732 01:31:13,320 --> 01:31:13,980  

2733 01:31:14,720 --> 01:31:18,120 其实这个劣他都说是我大还是色大

2734 01:31:18,680 --> 01:31:20,200 是我小还是色小

2735 01:31:20,200 --> 01:31:22,500 其实就是在色里面执著我

2736 01:31:22,500 --> 01:31:24,300 那进一步意思就是在五蕴里面执我

2737 01:31:24,300 --> 01:31:25,260 

2738 01:31:26,100 --> 01:31:28,340 然后 他说 

2739 01:31:28,340 --> 01:31:29,820 【何故沙門、婆

羅門，作如是想而不見真實?

】

2740 01:31:30,940 --> 01:31:31,980 不见真实就是

2741 01:31:31,980 --> 01:31:33,760 根本没有看到真实的相貌

2742 01:31:33,760 --> 01:31:35,280 就是没有看到真实的我

2743 01:31:35,880 --> 01:31:38,280 然后 

2744 01:31:38,280 --> 01:31:38,960 

2745 01:31:38,960 --> 01:31:41,340 【若沙門、婆羅門於無常、變易、不安隱受

2746 01:31:41,340 --> 01:31:43,780 想......行......識而言:『我勝、我等、我劣。』

2747 01:31:45,300 --> 01:31:45,920  

2748 01:31:45,920 --> 01:31:48,780 何 故沙門、婆羅門作如是想而不見真實?】

2749 01:31:48,780 --> 01:31:50,980 你这么看这么想

2750 01:31:50,980 --> 01:31:52,420 并没有看到真实的有一个什么东西在那边

2751 01:31:52,420 --> 01:31:54,320 

2752 01:31:54,320 --> 01:31:55,540 然后 

2753 01:31:56,800 --> 01:31:58,380 接下来靖修继续

2754 01:32:00,220 --> 01:32:01,980 【若沙門、婆羅門於無常色、不安隱色、變易色言:

2755 01:32:01,980 --> 01:32:03,040  

2756 01:32:03,040 --> 01:32:04,280  

2757 01:32:04,280 --> 01:32:05,540  

2758 01:32:05,540 --> 01:32:07,920 『我勝、我等、我劣。』何所計而不見真實?

2759 01:32:08,540 --> 01:32:10,460  

2760 01:32:10,460 --> 01:32:12,440 於無 常、變易、不安隱受......想......行......識言:

2761 01:32:12,440 --> 01:32:13,760  

2762 01:32:13,760 --> 01:32:15,500  

2763 01:32:15,500 --> 01:32:18,180 『我勝、 我等、我劣。』何所計而不見真實?」】

2764 01:32:18,180 --> 01:32:20,400  

2765 01:32:20,400 --> 01:32:20,820  

2766 01:32:20,820 --> 01:32:22,420 这跟上面同样的

2767 01:32:22,420 --> 01:32:25,020 他一直在五蕴里面去执著有一个我

2768 01:32:25,020 --> 01:32:26,300 那不管到底

2769 01:32:26,300 --> 01:32:28,800 这个其实就是像以前讲的相在

2770 01:32:29,420 --> 01:32:29,940  

2771 01:32:29,940 --> 01:32:32,300  到底色是我

2772 01:32:32,880 --> 01:32:34,280 还是受、想、行、识是我

2773 01:32:34,280 --> 01:32:36,360 那如果色是我

2774 01:32:36,360 --> 01:32:37,680 那就是计色为我

2775 01:32:37,680 --> 01:32:38,580  

2776 01:32:38,580 --> 01:32:40,960 那色不是我，那可能是受、想、行、识（是我）

2777 01:32:40,960 --> 01:32:42,780 那是受、想、行、识（是我）的话

2778 01:32:42,780 --> 01:32:44,140 那到底是哪一个是我

2779 01:32:44,680 --> 01:32:45,460 

2780 01:32:45,460 --> 01:32:47,960 那如果识是我，那识跟色

2781 01:32:47,960 --> 01:32:50,140 到底是色劣还是色大

2782 01:32:50,140 --> 01:32:51,760 

2783 01:32:51,760 --> 01:32:53,000 这样了解吗

2784 01:32:53,000 --> 01:32:54,620 他其实就是这个意思

2785 01:32:54,620 --> 01:32:56,740  接下来他怎么说

2786 01:32:56,740 --> 01:32:57,320 【「輸屢那!於汝意云何?色為常，為無常耶?」 

2787 01:32:57,320 --> 01:33:01,580  

2788 01:33:01,580 --> 01:33:04,120  

2789 01:33:04,120 --> 01:33:06,340 答言:「無常。」

2790 01:33:06,820 --> 01:33:08,460 「輸屢那!若無常，為是苦耶?」答言:「是苦。」

2791 01:33:08,460 --> 01:33:09,780  

2792 01:33:10,200 --> 01:33:11,620  

2793 01:33:11,620 --> 01:33:13,960 「輸屢那!若無常，苦，是變易法，於意云何?

2794 01:33:13,960 --> 01:33:15,780  

2795 01:33:15,780 --> 01:33:17,140  

2796 01:33:17,140 --> 01:33:20,520 聖

弟子於中見色是我、異我、相在不?」

2797 01:33:20,520 --> 01:33:22,360  

2798 01:33:22,360 --> 01:33:24,160  答言:「不也。」

2799 01:33:24,160 --> 01:33:26,620「輸屢那!於意云何?受......想......行......識為常， 為無常?」

2800 01:33:26,620 --> 01:33:28,660  

2801 01:33:28,660 --> 01:33:29,580 答言:「無常。」】

2802 01:33:29,580 --> 01:33:30,720 好，到这里

2803 01:33:31,480 --> 01:33:34,700 这个经文的意思 慢慢清楚了

2804 01:33:34,700 --> 01:33:34,980  

2805 01:33:35,620 --> 01:33:36,140  

2806 01:33:36,940 --> 01:33:38,620  

2807 01:33:38,620 --> 01:33:41,020 他说五蕴里面见五蕴无常

2808 01:33:41,020 --> 01:33:42,820 那见五蕴无常的话

2809 01:33:42,820 --> 01:33:44,560 既然五蕴都是变化

2810 01:33:44,560 --> 01:33:46,640 你就不可能在中间执著有一个我的存在

2811 01:33:47,500 --> 01:33:48,520 

2812 01:33:49,400 --> 01:33:50,720 所以 他这个

2813 01:33:50,720 --> 01:33:52,400 其实就是由无常而达无我

2814 01:33:52,760 --> 01:33:53,620  

2815 01:33:54,280 --> 01:33:55,480 

2816 01:33:56,060 --> 01:33:58,460 但是这中间夹在一个东西

2817 01:33:58,760 --> 01:33:59,020  

2818 01:34:00,120 --> 01:34:02,160 就是我们常会看到的这一句

2819 01:34:04,500 --> 01:34:05,280  

2820 01:34:05,280 --> 01:34:06,000 色为无常

2821 01:34:06,000 --> 01:34:07,020  

2822 01:34:07,720 --> 01:34:09,060 无常是苦 

2823 01:34:10,660 --> 01:34:11,440 然后是什么

2824 01:34:11,440 --> 01:34:12,120 是苦

2825 01:34:16,760 --> 01:34:18,520 一般都会这样，但是我们这里要探讨一个问题

2826 01:34:18,520 --> 01:34:19,820 

2827 01:34:19,820 --> 01:34:21,500 有没有可能无常不苦

2828 01:34:24,140 --> 01:34:25,020 有啊

2829 01:34:25,840 --> 01:34:26,820 涅槃解脱无常就不苦了

2830 01:34:26,820 --> 01:34:27,840 

2831 01:34:27,840 --> 01:34:30,240 对啊，那谁可以达到涅槃解脱

2832 01:34:31,440 --> 01:34:32,860 阿罗汉或佛嘛

2833 01:34:33,380 --> 01:34:33,820  

2834 01:34:34,300 --> 01:34:36,240 所以可见无常是苦、苦故无我

2835 01:34:37,360 --> 01:34:38,660 

2836 01:34:39,260 --> 01:34:39,700  

2837 01:34:40,440 --> 01:34:42,920 苦故无我、无我故涅槃解脱

2838 01:34:42,920 --> 01:34:45,100 这是针对谁讲的

2839 01:34:47,400 --> 01:34:48,920 是凡夫众生讲的

2840 01:34:49,520 --> 01:34:50,860 那如果阿罗汉呢

2841 01:34:50,860 --> 01:34:52,840 阿罗汉 还是无常

2842 01:34:52,840 --> 01:34:54,600 但是阿罗汉、佛

2843 01:34:54,600 --> 01:34:56,480 他的无常已经不再什么

2844 01:34:57,440 --> 01:34:58,700 不再苦了嘛

2845 01:34:59,700 --> 01:35:01,240 所以他本来就已经是阿罗汉佛，

2846 01:35:01,240 --> 01:35:03,640 他本来就已经解脱了嘛

2847 01:35:04,160 --> 01:35:04,640  

2848 01:35:05,100 --> 01:35:08,440 所以他对他来讲常、无常都无所谓了

2849 01:35:08,440 --> 01:35:09,540 他都不苦了

2850 01:35:09,540 --> 01:35:11,140 无常他根本不会苦了

2851 01:35:11,140 --> 01:35:13,180 因为他可以完全的接受无常的变化

2852 01:35:13,180 --> 01:35:14,400 

2853 01:35:14,880 --> 01:35:15,360  

2854 01:35:16,180 --> 01:35:16,660  

2855 01:35:18,420 --> 01:35:20,120 所以佛证悟了，成佛

2856 01:35:21,520 --> 01:35:22,480 

2857 01:35:23,300 --> 01:35:25,100 但是他还是必须在世间接受老、病

2858 01:35:25,640 --> 01:35:26,900 

2859 01:35:26,900 --> 01:35:29,400  

2860 01:35:31,240 --> 01:35:31,540  

2861 01:35:32,240 --> 01:35:33,720 然后死就是涅槃

2862 01:35:33,720 --> 01:35:36,940 就是这个肉身还是得涅槃死掉

2863 01:35:36,940 --> 01:35:37,620  

2864 01:35:37,620 --> 01:35:39,000 

2865 01:35:39,000 --> 01:35:41,560 所以还是必须有老病死嘛

2866 01:35:42,320 --> 01:35:43,260 这样了解吗

2867 01:35:43,260 --> 01:35:45,160 那老病死还是无常变化

2868 01:35:45,160 --> 01:35:47,820 那我们一般人面对老病死的时候是忧悲苦恼的

2869 01:35:47,820 --> 01:35:49,300 

2870 01:35:49,300 --> 01:35:50,420 所以是苦

2871 01:35:50,420 --> 01:35:51,580 为什么？有我执

2872 01:35:51,580 --> 01:35:55,020 阿罗汉佛已经断除我执了

2873 01:35:55,020 --> 01:35:57,280 所以他在面对老病死的时候

2874 01:35:57,280 --> 01:35:58,060 是能够怎么样

2875 01:35:58,060 --> 01:36:01,960 百分之百的无执著的去接受他

2876 01:36:01,960 --> 01:36:04,140 所以还是无常的老病死

2877 01:36:04,140 --> 01:36:05,880 但是他们并不会觉得什么

2878 01:36:05,880 --> 01:36:06,820 苦

2879 01:36:07,740 --> 01:36:09,000 这样了解吗

2880 01:36:09,000 --> 01:36:10,780 所以这个地方呢

2881 01:36:10,780 --> 01:36:13,200 教法是针对凡夫所说的

2882 01:36:13,840 --> 01:36:14,360  

2883 01:36:14,360 --> 01:36:16,440 所以識若無常，苦，是變易法

2884 01:36:16,440 --> 01:36:19,420 聖弟子於中見識是我、異我、相在不?」 

2885 01:36:19,420 --> 01:36:21,040 意思就是说在无常的变化苦中间 

2886 01:36:21,040 --> 01:36:22,860 

2887 01:36:22,860 --> 01:36:25,140 有没有一个我的存在

2888 01:36:25,140 --> 01:36:26,720 不管是色

2889 01:36:26,720 --> 01:36:28,440 还是受、想、行、识

2890 01:36:28,440 --> 01:36:30,340 都没有我的存在

2891 01:36:30,340 --> 01:36:32,320 所以这是从无常而能够推到无我

2892 01:36:32,980 --> 01:36:34,480 

2893 01:36:35,000 --> 01:36:36,200 

2894 01:36:36,800 --> 01:36:38,240 因为无常的必定是无我

2895 01:36:38,240 --> 01:36:40,040 

2896 01:36:41,420 --> 01:36:42,920 因为我是一个不变的本质的东西嘛

2897 01:36:43,560 --> 01:36:44,980 

2898 01:36:44,980 --> 01:36:46,580 那你既然是无常的

2899 01:36:46,580 --> 01:36:48,760 那必定是无我的嘛

2900 01:36:48,760 --> 01:36:50,960 所以无常虽然说

2901 01:36:50,960 --> 01:36:53,040 是从时间前后变化来讲无常

2902 01:36:53,040 --> 01:36:53,400  

2903 01:36:53,400 --> 01:36:55,220 无我是从当下的复合来讲无我

2904 01:36:55,220 --> 01:36:57,760 

2905 01:36:57,760 --> 01:37:00,420 但两个是绝对的关系性

2906 01:37:01,010 --> 01:37:03,700 无我的，一定是时间上是无常的

2907 01:37:03,700 --> 01:37:05,260 时间上无常的，他一定是无我的

2908 01:37:05,260 --> 01:37:06,440 

2909 01:37:07,240 --> 01:37:08,580 这样了解吗

2910 01:37:08,580 --> 01:37:10,480 他的本质是一样

2911 01:37:10,480 --> 01:37:12,140 只是说 在时间空间上的复合来看而已

2912 01:37:12,140 --> 01:37:14,600 

2913 01:37:16,100 --> 01:37:16,980 讲到这里

2914 01:37:16,980 --> 01:37:17,780 有没有什么问题

2915 01:37:21,260 --> 01:37:22,260 可以 

2916 01:37:22,260 --> 01:37:23,380 进修继续吧

2917 01:38:12,460 --> 01:38:14,200 那他整句话意思

2918 01:38:14,200 --> 01:38:15,380 其实很简单的

2919 01:38:15,380 --> 01:38:17,480 他的重点在于讲什么

2920 01:38:18,020 --> 01:38:19,560 五蕴无我

2921 01:38:19,560 --> 01:38:20,560 他从色观察

2922 01:38:21,540 --> 01:38:22,480 

2923 01:38:23,380 --> 01:38:24,700 色不是我

2924 01:38:24,700 --> 01:38:27,020 那就是色是我

2925 01:38:27,400 --> 01:38:29,280 或是亦我或是相在

2926 01:38:29,280 --> 01:38:30,380 那都不是

2927 01:38:30,380 --> 01:38:32,040 那就是色中是没有我的

2928 01:38:32,760 --> 01:38:34,480 那么如果色不是我

2929 01:38:34,480 --> 01:38:36,460 那 受、想、行、识

2930 01:38:36,460 --> 01:38:37,900 有可能哪一个是我

2931 01:38:37,900 --> 01:38:39,440 然后他中间跳过

2932 01:38:39,920 --> 01:38:41,820 色讲完之后，直接讲什么

2933 01:38:41,820 --> 01:38:44,780 识，那识当然也不是我

2934 01:38:45,500 --> 01:38:46,840 因为如果识是我的话

2935 01:38:46,840 --> 01:38:47,960 那就是必须是常

2936 01:38:48,580 --> 01:38:49,580  

2937 01:38:49,580 --> 01:38:51,380 那既然都是无常变化的

2938 01:38:51,380 --> 01:38:53,340 那就是受、想、行、识的五蕴中

2939 01:38:53,340 --> 01:38:54,680 是没有一个我的

2940 01:38:55,380 --> 01:38:56,900 这就是我们常讲的

2941 01:38:56,900 --> 01:38:58,880 在五蕴计我

2942 01:39:00,360 --> 01:39:01,900 那么既然都不是我

2943 01:39:01,900 --> 01:39:04,420  可知五蕴身心是没有一个不变的我的

2944 01:39:04,420 --> 01:39:06,540 

2945 01:39:07,600 --> 01:39:08,780 但是五蕴身心没有一个不变的我

2946 01:39:08,780 --> 01:39:10,260 

2947 01:39:10,260 --> 01:39:13,000 但五蕴身心是存在的

2948 01:39:14,100 --> 01:39:14,960 这样了解吗

2949 01:39:14,960 --> 01:39:16,680 你不能说没有五蕴身心

2950 01:39:16,680 --> 01:39:18,700 但这五蕴身心的存在是因缘和合而有它的用

2951 01:39:18,700 --> 01:39:20,620 

2952 01:39:20,620 --> 01:39:21,660 

2953 01:39:22,960 --> 01:39:24,700 所以这个五蕴身心和合的就叫做假我

2954 01:39:24,700 --> 01:39:26,000 

2955 01:39:26,000 --> 01:39:27,680 而不是真我

2956 01:39:27,680 --> 01:39:28,900 真我是不存在的

2957 01:39:28,900 --> 01:39:30,640 但五蕴和合的这种作用的假我是存在的

2958 01:39:30,640 --> 01:39:34,520 

2959 01:39:35,040 --> 01:39:35,480  

2960 01:39:36,180 --> 01:39:37,780 讲到这里有没有什么问题

2961 01:39:38,400 --> 01:39:40,400 这个就是杂阿含经的无常法门的东西

2962 01:39:40,400 --> 01:39:42,660 

2963 01:39:42,660 --> 01:39:43,440  

2964 01:39:44,480 --> 01:39:45,980 第一，我们这个说

2965 01:39:46,600 --> 01:39:47,360 如果观无常无我

2966 01:39:47,360 --> 01:39:49,640  

2967 01:39:49,640 --> 01:39:52,440 这个第一个观无常无我

2968 01:39:52,440 --> 01:39:54,260 那么第二个呢

2969 01:39:54,260 --> 01:39:55,960 2、观身心无常

2970 01:39:56,620 --> 01:39:57,860  

2971 01:39:58,700 --> 01:40:00,140  

2972 01:40:00,140 --> 01:40:02,060  我来找一个来念

2973 01:40:02,660 --> 01:40:04,200 那个智雷看得到吗

2974 01:40:04,200 --> 01:40:05,780  智雷你来念

2975 01:40:07,820 --> 01:40:09,780 【世尊告諸比丘:「愚癡無聞凡夫於四大身厭患、

2976 01:40:10,880 --> 01:40:14,160  

2977 01:40:14,160 --> 01:40:15,960  離欲、背捨而非識。

2978 01:40:15,960 --> 01:40:18,200  

2979 01:40:18,200 --> 01:40:20,460  

2980 01:40:20,460 --> 01:40:21,520  

2981 01:40:21,520 --> 01:40:23,540  

2982 01:40:23,540 --> 01:40:25,480  

2983 01:40:25,480 --> 01:40:26,740 所以者何?見四大身有增、有減、

2984 01:40:26,740 --> 01:40:29,800  

2985 01:40:29,800 --> 01:40:31,520 有取、有捨，而於心、意、識，

2986 01:40:31,520 --> 01:40:33,860  

2987 01:40:33,860 --> 01:40:35,060  

2988 01:40:35,520 --> 01:40:38,620 愚癡無聞凡夫不能生

厭、離欲、解脫。

2989 01:40:38,620 --> 01:40:39,940  

2990 01:40:40,900 --> 01:40:43,020  

2991 01:40:43,020 --> 01:40:43,800 所以者何

2992 01:40:45,560 --> 01:40:47,460 彼長夜於此保惜繫我，

若得、若取，言:

2993 01:40:47,460 --> 01:40:48,620  

2994 01:40:48,620 --> 01:40:50,560  

2995 01:40:50,560 --> 01:40:52,300  

2996 01:40:52,300 --> 01:40:54,300 『是我、我所、相在。』

2997 01:40:54,300 --> 01:40:56,74是故愚癡

無聞凡夫不能於彼生厭、離欲、背捨。

】

2998 01:40:56,740 --> 01:40:58,900  

2999 01:40:58,900 --> 01:40:59,840  

3000 01:41:00,300 --> 01:41:01,020  

3001 01:41:01,020 --> 01:41:02,380  先到这里

3002 01:41:04,600 --> 01:41:06,660 【愚癡無聞凡夫於四大身 】

3003 01:41:06,660 --> 01:41:07,740  

3004 01:41:07,740 --> 01:41:10,060 这个就是地水火风肉体

3005 01:41:12,340 --> 01:41:13,720 【厭患、

離欲、背捨而非識。】

3006 01:41:13,720 --> 01:41:15,100  

3007 01:41:15,100 --> 01:41:16,160 他这是什么意思

3008 01:41:19,780 --> 01:41:21,680  

3009 01:41:22,520 --> 01:41:23,840  厭患、

離欲、背捨而非識。

3010 01:41:23,840 --> 01:41:26,060  

3011 01:41:26,060 --> 01:41:27,220背捨是什么

3012 01:41:30,740 --> 01:41:31,820 下面是不是有一个

3013 01:41:32,860 --> 01:41:34,320 厌、离欲、解脱

3014 01:41:34,800 --> 01:41:36,140背捨 是解脱的另外一个翻译

3015 01:41:36,140 --> 01:41:38,020 

3016 01:41:38,020 --> 01:41:39,980 所以在定里面有叫八背捨

3017 01:41:39,980 --> 01:41:41,780 其实就是八解脱

3018 01:41:43,060 --> 01:41:44,040 那为什么定叫做八背捨八解脱

3019 01:41:44,040 --> 01:41:45,600 

3020 01:41:45,600 --> 01:41:47,080 他是解脱定障而得定

3021 01:41:47,080 --> 01:41:48,380 

3022 01:41:49,060 --> 01:41:51,060 比如说你得了初禅

3023 01:41:51,060 --> 01:41:52,960 你就从初禅的障碍里面解脱出来

3024 01:41:53,780 --> 01:41:55,880 

3025 01:41:55,880 --> 01:41:57,600 所以又称为背捨

3026 01:41:57,600 --> 01:41:58,620 又称为解脱

3027 01:41:58,620 --> 01:42:01,200 但这种解脱是降伏烦恼的解脱

3028 01:42:01,200 --> 01:42:03,580 不是真解脱。解脱有两种

3029 01:42:04,200 --> 01:42:06,100 一种是烦恼降伏之后的解脱

3030 01:42:06,100 --> 01:42:07,420  一种是真断烦恼的解脱

3031 01:42:07,420 --> 01:42:08,780 

3032 01:42:10,140 --> 01:42:10,940 比如说波罗提木叉

3033 01:42:10,940 --> 01:42:12,440 

3034 01:42:14,060 --> 01:42:16,080  

3035 01:42:16,520 --> 01:42:17,640 别别解脱

3036 01:42:17,640 --> 01:42:19,320 这种解脱不是断烦恼

3037 01:42:19,320 --> 01:42:21,060 这时候持着这条戒

3038 01:42:21,060 --> 01:42:23,060 就从这条戒的烦恼里面解脱出来

3039 01:42:23,060 --> 01:42:25,280 

3040 01:42:25,740 --> 01:42:27,240 所以这个叫做解脱

3041 01:42:27,660 --> 01:42:28,360 那他说

3042 01:42:28,360 --> 01:42:31,200 【愚癡無聞凡夫於四大身厭患、

離欲、背捨而非識。

3043 01:42:31,200 --> 01:42:32,220 

3044 01:42:32,220 --> 01:42:33,140 所以者何?見四大身有增、有減、

有取、有捨，

3045 01:42:33,140 --> 01:42:35,900  

3046 01:42:35,900 --> 01:42:37,140 而於心、意、識，愚癡無聞凡夫不能生

厭、離欲、解脫。

3047 01:42:37,140 --> 01:42:39,400  

3048 01:42:39,400 --> 01:42:41,660  

3049 01:42:42,220 --> 01:42:43,280  

3050 01:42:43,280 --> 01:42:44,440 所以者何?彼長夜於此保惜繫我，

若得、若取，

3051 01:42:45,900 --> 01:42:47,140  

3052 01:42:47,140 --> 01:42:50,120  

3053 01:42:50,120 --> 01:42:51,440  

3054 01:42:51,440 --> 01:42:53,260 言:『是我、我所、相在。』

3055 01:42:53,260 --> 01:42:54,720 是故愚癡

無聞凡夫不能於彼生厭、離欲、背捨。】

3056 01:42:54,720 --> 01:42:56,520  

3057 01:42:56,520 --> 01:42:59,180 意思就是说我们 在四大

3058 01:42:59,180 --> 01:42:59,760  

3059 01:43:01,920 --> 01:43:03,080 

3060 01:43:04,080 --> 01:43:04,920  

3061 01:43:04,920 --> 01:43:06,480  

3062 01:43:08,320 --> 01:43:09,640 在身体上容易观察

3063 01:43:09,640 --> 01:43:11,240 

3064 01:43:11,240 --> 01:43:13,240 容易厌离

3065 01:43:13,240 --> 01:43:14,960  

3066 01:43:14,960 --> 01:43:16,320 但是在心、精神上不容易

3067 01:43:16,940 --> 01:43:18,620  

3068 01:43:19,180 --> 01:43:20,140 因为他说

3069 01:43:20,140 --> 01:43:23,120 【身四大有增有减有取有舍

3070 01:43:23,120 --> 01:43:24,140 而於心、意、識，愚癡無聞凡夫不能生

厭、離欲、解脫。】

3071 01:43:24,140 --> 01:43:26,240  

3072 01:43:26,240 --> 01:43:28,040 因为师父常讲 

3073 01:43:28,040 --> 01:43:30,560 观身的变化容易

3074 01:43:31,460 --> 01:43:32,720 观心的微细（变化）难

3075 01:43:32,720 --> 01:43:33,980 

3076 01:43:35,160 --> 01:43:36,620 为什么他说 

3077 01:43:36,620 --> 01:43:37,580  【身有增、有減、

有取、有捨，】

3078 01:43:38,240 --> 01:43:40,220  

3079 01:43:40,220 --> 01:43:42,220 你生病了发烧了

3080 01:43:42,220 --> 01:43:43,420 衣服要穿了

3081 01:43:44,060 --> 01:43:45,860 你很容易去观察到身

3082 01:43:46,420 --> 01:43:48,340 所以你们常常有很多人

3083 01:43:49,980 --> 01:43:51,460 他觉得不想活

3084 01:43:54,460 --> 01:43:55,820 他并不是真正

3085 01:43:55,820 --> 01:43:57,440 考虑到内心的一些

3086 01:43:57,440 --> 01:43:59,460 他的不想活是因为身体

3087 01:44:00,380 --> 01:44:00,860  

3088 01:44:01,600 --> 01:44:03,100 今天我不能享乐

3089 01:44:03,100 --> 01:44:04,660 今天我常常吃不饱

3090 01:44:04,660 --> 01:44:06,040 今天我常常生病

3091 01:44:06,040 --> 01:44:07,620 今天我冷热

3092 01:44:08,340 --> 01:44:09,740 冷了没衣服穿

3093 01:44:09,740 --> 01:44:11,860 热了又没冷气吹

3094 01:44:12,520 --> 01:44:14,140 所以这种的身体变化你可以感觉的到

3095 01:44:14,140 --> 01:44:16,260 

3096 01:44:16,260 --> 01:44:18,180 

3097 01:44:18,740 --> 01:44:20,080 所以相对来讲

3098 01:44:20,080 --> 01:44:21,980 很多时候我们谈厌离的时候

3099 01:44:21,980 --> 01:44:24,380 你厌离身体相对来讲

3100 01:44:24,380 --> 01:44:25,260  

3101 01:44:26,160 --> 01:44:26,640 容易

3102 01:44:27,340 --> 01:44:30,520 但是如果叫你进一步去观察内心

3103 01:44:31,440 --> 01:44:31,920  

3104 01:44:31,920 --> 01:44:33,000 那就比较困难了

3105 01:44:33,000 --> 01:44:35,680 所以我们这个叫做

3106 01:44:35,680 --> 01:44:37,980 要观察身的无常

3107 01:44:37,980 --> 01:44:40,200 而且要观察心的无常

3108 01:44:40,200 --> 01:44:41,860 所以早上不是说

3109 01:44:41,860 --> 01:44:44,040 我们四念处从哪里观起？身

3110 01:44:44,960 --> 01:44:45,600  

3111 01:44:45,600 --> 01:44:47,020 因为身粗容易观察

3112 01:44:47,020 --> 01:44:48,180 

3113 01:44:48,180 --> 01:44:49,480 身也容易离

3114 01:44:50,800 --> 01:44:52,360 但是 还不够

3115 01:44:53,000 --> 01:44:53,580  

3116 01:44:53,580 --> 01:44:55,540 一定要从身而入心

3117 01:44:56,360 --> 01:44:56,840  

3118 01:44:56,840 --> 01:44:59,700 然后在我们的认知到底在哪里

3119 01:44:59,700 --> 01:45:01,900 然后从认知上彻底改变

3120 01:45:01,900 --> 01:45:04,280 不是只是厌离这个身而已

3121 01:45:05,120 --> 01:45:06,860 不然会造成想要自杀

3122 01:45:07,440 --> 01:45:09,100  

3123 01:45:10,160 --> 01:45:11,180 这个经 

3124 01:45:11,180 --> 01:45:12,920 我们下个礼拜继续来看

3125 01:45:12,920 --> 01:45:14,060 这个叫做无常

3126 01:45:14,060 --> 01:45:15,060 继续来看

3127 01:45:17,940 --> 01:45:19,240  我们时间到了

3128 01:45:19,240 --> 01:45:21,700 我看这个无常法门还有一些

3129 01:45:21,700 --> 01:45:23,740 这个是22

3130 01:45:23,740 --> 01:45:25,920 我们无常法门还有一些

3131 01:45:30,600 --> 01:45:32,120 应该看看这几个礼拜

3132 01:45:32,120 --> 01:45:33,700 应该可以把无常

3133 01:45:34,300 --> 01:45:35,540 这个是无常法门

3134 01:45:36,060 --> 01:45:37,880 然后还有无我法门

3135 01:45:37,880 --> 01:45:40,440 无常无我是两个常常是连在一起

3136 01:45:40,440 --> 01:45:41,740 那这里写起

3137 01:45:41,740 --> 01:45:43,600 如果把无常无我法门讲完

3138 01:45:43,600 --> 01:45:45,780 下学期来讲

3139 01:45:45,780 --> 01:45:46,660  

3140 01:45:47,640 --> 01:45:50,060 正解脱，阿含经可能就结束了

3141 01:45:50,060 --> 01:45:50,840 我们再来讲

3142 01:45:50,840 --> 01:45:51,980 佛法概论

3143 01:45:53,640 --> 01:45:54,700 请和掌

3144 01:45:55,680 --> 01:45:57,280 愿以此功德

3145 01:45:59,180 --> 01:46:02,120 普及于一切

3146 01:46:02,120 --> 01:46:03,740 我等与众生

3147 01:46:05,460 --> 01:46:07,240 皆共成佛道

3148 01:46:08,780 --> 01:46:09,740 阿弥陀佛