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1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:04,360 中道佛学会阿含经讲要

2 00:00:05,040 --> 00:00:08,140 第113讲

3 00:00:09,160 --> 00:00:11,460 如源法师主讲

4 00:00:12,360 --> 00:00:13,400 请合掌

5 00:00:14,940 --> 00:00:17,620 南无本师释迦牟尼佛

6 00:00:20,740 --> 00:00:23,360 南无本师释迦牟尼佛

7 00:00:31,740 --> 00:00:34,720 无上甚深微妙法

8 00:00:36,880 --> 00:00:39,940 百千万劫难遭遇

9 00:00:42,080 --> 00:00:44,880 我今见闻得受持

10 00:00:44,880 --> 00:00:52,200 愿解如来真实义

11 00:00:52,200 --> 00:00:53,460 阿弥陀佛

12 00:00:54,780 --> 00:00:56,360 各位同学大家好

13 00:00:57,360 --> 00:01:00,100 我们继续来看阿含经无常观

14 00:01:00,660 --> 00:01:03,140 阿含经讲的无常观

15 00:01:03,140 --> 00:01:06,880 那么无常观里面

16 00:01:09,260 --> 00:01:11,560 我们有讲如何观察无常

17 00:01:11,560 --> 00:01:13,320 现观无常

18 00:01:14,380 --> 00:01:17,420 然后还有现观无常

19 00:01:17,420 --> 00:01:20,100 然后还有观身心无常

20 00:01:20,100 --> 00:01:23,720 我们上个礼拜是谈到观身心

21 00:01:23,720 --> 00:01:25,120 观身心无常

22 00:01:25,900 --> 00:01:27,960 那么我们继续来看

23 00:01:28,400 --> 00:01:29,980 (二) 三世觀無常

24 00:01:31,780 --> 00:01:34,320 师父带大家读一读阿含经里面

25 00:01:34,320 --> 00:01:35,800 讲无常的经句

26 00:01:37,140 --> 00:01:38,960 【爾時，世尊告諸比丘:

27 00:01:38,960 --> 00:01:41,300 「過去、未來色 無常，況現在色!

28 00:01:41,300 --> 00:01:42,920

29 00:01:42,920 --> 00:01:45,080 聖弟子!如是觀者，不 顧過去色，不欣未來色，

30 00:01:45,080 --> 00:01:46,880

31 00:01:46,880 --> 00:01:48,640

32 00:01:48,640 --> 00:01:50,000 於現在色厭、離 欲、正向滅盡。

33 00:01:50,000 --> 00:01:51,420

34 00:01:51,420 --> 00:01:52,840

35 00:01:52,840 --> 00:01:55,660 如是，過去、未來受、想、 行、識無常，況現在識!

36 00:01:55,660 --> 00:01:57,800

37 00:01:57,800 --> 00:01:59,500

38 00:01:59,500 --> 00:02:01,340 聖弟子!如是觀 者，不顧過去識，不欣未來識，

39 00:02:01,340 --> 00:02:02,820

40 00:02:02,820 --> 00:02:04,340

41 00:02:04,340 --> 00:02:05,500 於現在識 厭、離欲、正向滅盡。

42 00:02:05,500 --> 00:02:07,120

43 00:02:07,120 --> 00:02:08,040

44 00:02:08,040 --> 00:02:09,200 如無常，苦、空、 非我亦復如是。」(雜8)】

45 00:02:09,200 --> 00:02:09,920

46 00:02:09,920 --> 00:02:11,500

47 00:02:11,500 --> 00:02:12,320

48 00:02:13,720 --> 00:02:16,380 那么这个经典叫做 三世觀無常

49 00:02:16,380 --> 00:02:19,040

50 00:02:19,040 --> 00:02:21,460

51 00:02:21,460 --> 00:02:22,840 【過去、未來色 無常，況現在色!】

52 00:02:22,840 --> 00:02:25,640

53 00:02:25,640 --> 00:02:26,860

54 00:02:28,080 --> 00:02:29,320 那色当然就是可以是外面一切色

55 00:02:29,320 --> 00:02:30,680

56 00:02:30,680 --> 00:02:32,040 但主要是这个身体

57 00:02:32,040 --> 00:02:34,220

58 00:02:34,220 --> 00:02:36,480 导师在佛法概论里面曾经说

59 00:02:37,040 --> 00:02:38,660 我们人都是这样子

60 00:02:39,760 --> 00:02:40,920 眷恋过去

61 00:02:41,900 --> 00:02:43,560 然后恋恋不舍

62 00:02:43,560 --> 00:02:45,500 欣望未来、贪著当下

63 00:02:46,200 --> 00:02:46,800

64 00:02:46,800 --> 00:02:49,620

65 00:02:49,620 --> 00:02:50,860 然后

66 00:02:50,860 --> 00:02:52,060 一直都是

67 00:02:52,060 --> 00:02:53,180 在过去、现在、未来这样子

68 00:02:53,180 --> 00:02:54,740 不断的贪恋

69 00:02:54,740 --> 00:02:56,300 贪恋不舍

70 00:02:56,300 --> 00:02:57,420

71 00:02:57,980 --> 00:02:59,080 然后不断的就这样

72 00:02:59,080 --> 00:03:00,040 不断的一直生活

73 00:03:00,040 --> 00:03:01,960 就是不断的一直生活

74 00:03:01,960 --> 00:03:03,000 然后让我们这个

75 00:03:03,000 --> 00:03:05,160 一直循环下去这样子

76 00:03:05,900 --> 00:03:07,560 那么这里告诉我们说

77 00:03:07,560 --> 00:03:08,980 如果我们能够了解无常无我

78 00:03:08,980 --> 00:03:11,660

79 00:03:11,660 --> 00:03:13,220 如是观无常、苦、空、无我的话

80 00:03:13,220 --> 00:03:14,480

81 00:03:15,100 --> 00:03:17,380 我们就能够断掉对过去的恋恋不舍

82 00:03:17,380 --> 00:03:19,960

83 00:03:19,960 --> 00:03:22,320 对未来的欣求

84 00:03:22,320 --> 00:03:25,260 对当下的贪恋

85 00:03:25,920 --> 00:03:26,560 那这样子

86 00:03:26,560 --> 00:03:27,920 慢慢慢慢就能离

87 00:03:27,920 --> 00:03:30,200 我们的贪欲、瞋恚

88 00:03:30,200 --> 00:03:31,100 然后慢慢慢慢就能走向于解脱

89 00:03:31,100 --> 00:03:33,000

90 00:03:34,480 --> 00:03:35,780 那么我们的人生有时候会是这样

91 00:03:35,780 --> 00:03:36,620

92 00:03:36,620 --> 00:03:37,460 就是这样子

93 00:03:37,460 --> 00:03:39,440 其实这是一种生活的现实经验

94 00:03:39,440 --> 00:03:40,760

95 00:03:40,760 --> 00:03:43,020 你们对于过去的种种

96 00:03:43,760 --> 00:03:46,580

97 00:03:46,580 --> 00:03:48,560 对于过去的种种

98 00:03:48,560 --> 00:03:49,920 会不会常常好的，觉得适合自己的

99 00:03:49,920 --> 00:03:52,460

100 00:03:52,460 --> 00:03:53,980 喜欢的，会不会眷恋不舍

101 00:03:55,140 --> 00:03:56,600 好像如果一直都能这样多好

102 00:03:56,600 --> 00:03:57,860

103 00:03:57,860 --> 00:03:59,540 二十几岁的我多好

104 00:03:59,540 --> 00:04:01,080 青春永驻

105 00:04:01,080 --> 00:04:04,000 然后虽然钱少一点

106 00:04:04,000 --> 00:04:06,940 但身体情况都很好

107 00:04:06,940 --> 00:04:07,240

108 00:04:07,240 --> 00:04:08,760 而且又年轻

109 00:04:08,760 --> 00:04:10,960 黄金岁月多好

110 00:04:10,960 --> 00:04:11,660 二十几岁

111 00:04:11,660 --> 00:04:13,320 十几岁可能傻乎乎的

112 00:04:13,320 --> 00:04:14,060 不大懂

113 00:04:14,660 --> 00:04:17,040 二十几岁正好

114 00:04:17,040 --> 00:04:18,280 读大学的时候校园生活多好

115 00:04:18,280 --> 00:04:19,860

116 00:04:19,860 --> 00:04:21,640 你看那时候青春永驻

117 00:04:21,640 --> 00:04:22,960

118 00:04:22,960 --> 00:04:25,240 我那时候又年轻又好看

119 00:04:25,240 --> 00:04:25,940 或是又漂亮

120 00:04:25,940 --> 00:04:27,060 你看真好

121 00:04:27,060 --> 00:04:27,980 二十几岁

122 00:04:27,980 --> 00:04:28,480 一晃

123 00:04:28,480 --> 00:04:30,720 现在 头发也白了

124 00:04:30,720 --> 00:04:32,360 皮肤也皱了

125 00:04:32,940 --> 00:04:34,760 皮肤皱是说我自己

126 00:04:34,760 --> 00:04:39,160 皮肤也皱了

127 00:04:39,160 --> 00:04:40,100 然后一看

128 00:04:40,740 --> 00:04:42,520 今天怎么马上变这样

129 00:04:43,220 --> 00:04:44,540 以前翩翩少年

130 00:04:44,540 --> 00:04:47,180 现在变成秃发胖大叔

131 00:04:48,160 --> 00:04:49,300 头发也掉了然后也胖了

132 00:04:49,300 --> 00:04:50,380

133 00:04:50,380 --> 00:04:52,460 然后一副大叔样出现了

134 00:04:52,460 --> 00:04:55,220 或者大婶样出现了

135 00:04:55,860 --> 00:04:56,940 奇怪，怎么这样子

136 00:04:57,800 --> 00:04:59,060 那未来呢

137 00:04:59,060 --> 00:05:00,240 未来不敢想

138 00:05:00,820 --> 00:05:02,540 不知道又成老成什么样子

139 00:05:02,540 --> 00:05:05,180 但是有些人是对未来很有期许

140 00:05:05,180 --> 00:05:06,920 未来我要干什么干什么

141 00:05:06,920 --> 00:05:08,040 然后又来怎么样怎么样

142 00:05:08,040 --> 00:05:10,940 然后就想东想西想一大堆

143 00:05:11,960 --> 00:05:13,600 那么现在呢

144 00:05:14,120 --> 00:05:14,320

145 00:05:14,940 --> 00:05:16,960 希望现在能够掌握好

146 00:05:16,960 --> 00:05:17,540

147 00:05:17,980 --> 00:05:19,360 问题是如果你没学佛的话

148 00:05:19,940 --> 00:05:21,400 有一个很现实的问题是说

149 00:05:21,400 --> 00:05:22,320 活在当下

150 00:05:22,320 --> 00:05:23,720 怎么活在当下

151 00:05:24,380 --> 00:05:25,820 如果你没学佛的话

152 00:05:26,660 --> 00:05:27,960 人家说活在当下

153 00:05:27,960 --> 00:05:28,560 活在当下

154 00:05:28,560 --> 00:05:30,720 问题是怎么才能活在当下

155 00:05:31,560 --> 00:05:31,820

156 00:05:31,820 --> 00:05:33,860 当下刹那刹那一直过

157 00:05:34,920 --> 00:05:35,320

158 00:05:35,320 --> 00:05:36,680 当下，师父刚才讲的一刹那就过了

159 00:05:36,680 --> 00:05:37,660

160 00:05:37,660 --> 00:05:38,640 就成过去了

161 00:05:39,160 --> 00:05:39,560

162 00:05:39,560 --> 00:05:40,420 然后等一下下课

163 00:05:40,420 --> 00:05:42,320

164 00:05:42,320 --> 00:05:43,140 很快啊

165 00:05:43,140 --> 00:05:44,140 等一下就下课了

166 00:05:44,140 --> 00:05:46,300 虽然还有一个多小时

167 00:05:46,300 --> 00:05:47,480 但是很快啊

168 00:05:47,960 --> 00:05:49,900 所以佛陀这个无常经

169 00:05:49,900 --> 00:05:51,220 这个观三世无常

170 00:05:51,220 --> 00:05:51,960 就跟我们说

171 00:05:51,960 --> 00:05:52,880 这个时间很快

172 00:05:52,880 --> 00:05:54,540 刹那刹那过去

173 00:05:55,520 --> 00:05:57,820 不要对过去迷恋不舍

174 00:05:57,820 --> 00:05:59,920 不要对未来兴奋

175 00:05:59,920 --> 00:06:02,060

176 00:06:02,060 --> 00:06:03,360 然后一直追求这样子

177 00:06:03,900 --> 00:06:04,900 那你说师父

178 00:06:04,900 --> 00:06:07,480 那难道我们不能回想过去吗

179 00:06:08,340 --> 00:06:09,840 当然可以回想过去了

180 00:06:09,840 --> 00:06:11,200 过去的美好

181 00:06:11,200 --> 00:06:12,320 当然都可以去回想

182 00:06:12,320 --> 00:06:13,800 但是不要太执恋

183 00:06:14,400 --> 00:06:16,240 太执恋会造成一些

184 00:06:16,720 --> 00:06:17,160

185 00:06:17,160 --> 00:06:19,140 错误的观念跟认知

186 00:06:19,140 --> 00:06:21,280 尤其是很多人是很执著的

187 00:06:21,280 --> 00:06:22,940 很多人怎么很执着呢

188 00:06:22,940 --> 00:06:25,540 不管是对过去的好或是坏

189 00:06:26,000 --> 00:06:27,500 会念念不忘的

190 00:06:28,080 --> 00:06:28,880 比如说

191 00:06:28,880 --> 00:06:30,040 师父曾经说过

192 00:06:30,040 --> 00:06:32,040 我看过一个新闻

193 00:06:32,540 --> 00:06:33,360 有一个人

194 00:06:34,500 --> 00:06:36,620 他就是对过去的不公不义 恋恋不舍

195 00:06:36,620 --> 00:06:38,360

196 00:06:38,360 --> 00:06:40,080 然后很不甘心

197 00:06:40,080 --> 00:06:40,900

198 00:06:40,900 --> 00:06:42,860 结果影响了他的一辈子

199 00:06:43,600 --> 00:06:44,480

200 00:06:44,480 --> 00:06:46,480 因为他以前是一个老师

201 00:06:47,140 --> 00:06:48,920 那可能在学校里面

202 00:06:48,920 --> 00:06:51,280 受到一些不公义的对待

203 00:06:51,280 --> 00:06:53,340 然后失去了这个工作

204 00:06:53,920 --> 00:06:55,680 那不公义待遇失去工作

205 00:06:56,720 --> 00:06:58,000 其实在这个世间

206 00:06:58,000 --> 00:06:59,380 师父曾说过

207 00:06:59,960 --> 00:07:01,180 来到这个世间

208 00:07:01,180 --> 00:07:02,000

209 00:07:02,000 --> 00:07:03,560 你千万不要希望

210 00:07:03,560 --> 00:07:06,360 你面对所有东西都是公平的

211 00:07:06,360 --> 00:07:07,780 都是正义的

212 00:07:09,060 --> 00:07:11,620 你看到很多人 受到不公平的对待

213 00:07:11,620 --> 00:07:12,880 但是你要想想看说

214 00:07:12,880 --> 00:07:15,140 我们这一辈子都不可能

215 00:07:15,140 --> 00:07:17,760 永远都是受到公平正义的对待

216 00:07:18,500 --> 00:07:21,080 你在公司做得要死要活的

217 00:07:21,080 --> 00:07:24,000 你的薪水不一定跟你的上司是一样的

218 00:07:24,000 --> 00:07:25,980 上司一天到晚看报纸

219 00:07:26,500 --> 00:07:27,500 喝咖啡在那边

220 00:07:28,040 --> 00:07:28,920 什么都不做

221 00:07:28,920 --> 00:07:30,080 但是他的薪水比我高

222 00:07:30,860 --> 00:07:31,220

223 00:07:31,220 --> 00:07:32,040 我做得要命

224 00:07:33,760 --> 00:07:36,120 结果发的薪水不足我隔壁的同事

225 00:07:36,660 --> 00:07:38,640 我们很多都是这个样子的

226 00:07:38,640 --> 00:07:39,200 那你说

227 00:07:39,200 --> 00:07:41,000 那师父刚刚讲的那个故事是什么

228 00:07:41,000 --> 00:07:41,380 就是说

229 00:07:41,380 --> 00:07:42,720 那个老师在学校

230 00:07:42,720 --> 00:07:43,280

231 00:07:43,280 --> 00:07:44,480 那是台湾发生的事情

232 00:07:44,840 --> 00:07:45,740 在学校受到了污蔑

233 00:07:45,740 --> 00:07:46,660

234 00:07:46,660 --> 00:07:48,840 可能人家或学生

235 00:07:48,840 --> 00:07:50,220 或是怎么样告他怎么样

236 00:07:50,220 --> 00:07:51,240

237 00:07:51,240 --> 00:07:53,360 结果害他工作没了

238 00:07:53,360 --> 00:07:54,560 那工作没了

239 00:07:54,560 --> 00:07:56,780 他当然很不高兴

240 00:07:56,780 --> 00:07:59,540 所以就对学校提起诉讼

241 00:07:59,540 --> 00:08:01,820 那过去的这个时代

242 00:08:01,820 --> 00:08:03,180 可能法官各方面可能没有现在那么进步

243 00:08:03,180 --> 00:08:05,460

244 00:08:06,000 --> 00:08:06,720

245 00:08:06,720 --> 00:08:09,840 他也没有给他应该有的一些回复

246 00:08:10,420 --> 00:08:11,800 所以他就一直觉得 被冤枉了

247 00:08:12,840 --> 00:08:14,600

248 00:08:14,600 --> 00:08:15,660 然后失去工作就 很生气

249 00:08:15,660 --> 00:08:17,540

250 00:08:17,540 --> 00:08:18,440 很不甘心

251 00:08:19,020 --> 00:08:19,460

252 00:08:19,940 --> 00:08:23,180 所以他在学校的旁边搭了一个房子

253 00:08:24,640 --> 00:08:25,920 他就住在那边

254 00:08:25,920 --> 00:08:26,660 他就跟你杠

255 00:08:26,660 --> 00:08:27,800

256 00:08:27,800 --> 00:08:28,700

257 00:08:28,700 --> 00:08:29,580 他是一个老师

258 00:08:29,580 --> 00:08:30,260 国文老师

259 00:08:30,260 --> 00:08:31,220 然后很会 书法

260 00:08:31,220 --> 00:08:33,060 每天都是写那种我需要正义

261 00:08:33,580 --> 00:08:33,800

262 00:08:34,460 --> 00:08:35,600

263 00:08:36,120 --> 00:08:37,360 什么什么这样子

264 00:08:37,360 --> 00:08:38,600 然后写贴啊贴

265 00:08:38,600 --> 00:08:40,120 贴在学校到处贴

266 00:08:40,120 --> 00:08:41,720 人家把他（贴的）撕掉了

267 00:08:41,720 --> 00:08:43,360 因为那时候人家也不好赶他

268 00:08:43,360 --> 00:08:44,680 就是要赶也赶不走

269 00:08:44,680 --> 00:08:45,620 反正他就是这样

270 00:08:45,620 --> 00:08:47,300 然后就是因为这样子

271 00:08:47,300 --> 00:08:48,780 几十年他就是这样子

272 00:08:49,740 --> 00:08:51,700

273 00:08:51,700 --> 00:08:52,880 那你觉得说

274 00:08:52,880 --> 00:08:54,020 那这样做有意义吗

275 00:08:55,000 --> 00:08:56,840 几十年他就一直赖在那边

276 00:08:56,840 --> 00:08:58,320 赖到年纪很大了还是这样

277 00:08:58,320 --> 00:08:58,820

278 00:08:58,820 --> 00:08:59,900

279 00:08:59,900 --> 00:09:01,180 因为他几十年后

280 00:09:01,180 --> 00:09:02,300 还是一直在那边写东西

281 00:09:02,300 --> 00:09:03,380

282 00:09:03,380 --> 00:09:04,560 后来人家就觉得很有趣

283 00:09:04,960 --> 00:09:06,060 说这个人

284 00:09:06,060 --> 00:09:07,320 因唯识过境迁

285 00:09:07,320 --> 00:09:08,740 连校长也走了

286 00:09:08,740 --> 00:09:09,440 老师也走了

287 00:09:09,440 --> 00:09:10,260 学生都比他

288 00:09:10,260 --> 00:09:11,320 不是比他大

289 00:09:11,320 --> 00:09:13,140 学生也都年纪很大了

290 00:09:13,140 --> 00:09:15,740 后来人家就很奇怪去访问他

291 00:09:15,740 --> 00:09:17,220 他就把这个故事

292 00:09:17,220 --> 00:09:18,940 故事原由讲给人家听

293 00:09:20,340 --> 00:09:22,020 然后听完这个故事的时候

294 00:09:22,020 --> 00:09:23,580 大家都不胜唏嘘

295 00:09:23,580 --> 00:09:23,960 为什么

296 00:09:24,640 --> 00:09:26,380 这几十年的光阴跟时间

297 00:09:26,380 --> 00:09:27,380 他为什么不好好的再去找其他工作

298 00:09:27,380 --> 00:09:28,980

299 00:09:28,980 --> 00:09:30,640 这个东西就过去了

300 00:09:30,640 --> 00:09:31,620 你可以争取

301 00:09:31,620 --> 00:09:33,480 但不一定能够得到应有的公平对待

302 00:09:33,480 --> 00:09:34,520

303 00:09:34,520 --> 00:09:36,140 你可以尽力去争取

304 00:09:36,140 --> 00:09:37,680 但你不一定可以得到

305 00:09:37,680 --> 00:09:39,600 你想要的公平对待跟结果

306 00:09:39,600 --> 00:09:41,020 结果他就一辈子就是

307 00:09:41,020 --> 00:09:42,040 把这些浪费在过去

308 00:09:42,700 --> 00:09:43,720

309 00:09:43,720 --> 00:09:45,820 所遭受到的不公不义

310 00:09:45,820 --> 00:09:46,880 然后一辈子就这样

311 00:09:46,880 --> 00:09:47,540 你怎么不

312 00:09:47,540 --> 00:09:49,100 趁这二三十年的时间

313 00:09:49,100 --> 00:09:50,540 好好把该做的做一做

314 00:09:50,540 --> 00:09:51,740 再去找份工作

315 00:09:51,740 --> 00:09:52,820 再去充实自己

316 00:09:52,820 --> 00:09:54,440 把日子继续过下去

317 00:09:54,880 --> 00:09:56,180 没有他就耗在那边了

318 00:09:56,180 --> 00:09:58,600 这就是对过去的不公不义恋恋不舍

319 00:09:58,600 --> 00:09:59,680

320 00:09:59,680 --> 00:10:00,940 那有些人

321 00:10:00,940 --> 00:10:03,860 也会一直生活在过去的美好里面

322 00:10:03,860 --> 00:10:05,780 比如说过去是有钱人

323 00:10:05,780 --> 00:10:06,980 现在可能家道中落

324 00:10:06,980 --> 00:10:08,760 然后一天到晚在什么

325 00:10:09,660 --> 00:10:12,040 要贪染世界的不公

326 00:10:12,040 --> 00:10:13,100 过去的多好

327 00:10:13,920 --> 00:10:15,220 我再举一个例子

328 00:10:15,640 --> 00:10:16,660 更有趣的历史

329 00:10:16,660 --> 00:10:18,520 在座很多人都遇到过

330 00:10:18,520 --> 00:10:20,140 而且可能也碰过

331 00:10:21,680 --> 00:10:22,980 以前有一个居士年纪有点大了

332 00:10:22,980 --> 00:10:24,440

333 00:10:24,440 --> 00:10:25,120 老头子

334 00:10:25,580 --> 00:10:26,660 来这边呢

335 00:10:28,600 --> 00:10:30,100 那个静宽你知道是谁

336 00:10:30,760 --> 00:10:33,560 大家参考一下就好

337 00:10:33,560 --> 00:10:35,100 来这边老是抱怨

338 00:10:35,100 --> 00:10:36,620

339 00:10:36,620 --> 00:10:37,760 当然不是抱怨师父

340 00:10:37,760 --> 00:10:38,860 也不是抱怨中道

341 00:10:39,480 --> 00:10:42,000 老是抱怨中国政府

342 00:10:42,760 --> 00:10:44,240

343 00:10:44,240 --> 00:10:45,540 他抱怨中国政府他没收他的财产

344 00:10:45,540 --> 00:10:48,420

345 00:10:48,420 --> 00:10:49,880 但是他是台湾人

346 00:10:51,680 --> 00:10:53,640 那为什么中国政府没收他财产

347 00:10:53,640 --> 00:10:54,480

348 00:10:55,360 --> 00:10:56,420 他说内战的时候他父母亲带着他

349 00:10:56,420 --> 00:10:58,500

350 00:10:58,500 --> 00:10:59,280 他那时候很小

351 00:10:59,280 --> 00:11:00,500 可能两三岁三四岁来到台湾

352 00:11:00,500 --> 00:11:01,680

353 00:11:02,880 --> 00:11:04,920 所以他在他们家在大陆是很有钱

354 00:11:04,920 --> 00:11:06,380

355 00:11:06,380 --> 00:11:07,320 有很多房地产

356 00:11:07,320 --> 00:11:08,180

357 00:11:08,180 --> 00:11:09,240 内战结束之后

358 00:11:09,240 --> 00:11:10,640 他们因为来到台湾

359 00:11:10,640 --> 00:11:10,980

360 00:11:11,660 --> 00:11:12,320 所以怎么样

361 00:11:12,320 --> 00:11:15,020 那些房地产都没了

362 00:11:15,680 --> 00:11:17,380 那就叫家道中落

363 00:11:17,380 --> 00:11:19,620 但是那种中落也是大时代环境

364 00:11:19,620 --> 00:11:20,880 所以他一直很不满

365 00:11:21,440 --> 00:11:22,420 一直很不满谁

366 00:11:22,420 --> 00:11:23,740 就是中国政府

367 00:11:24,160 --> 00:11:26,660 然后他还曾经拿着房契地契

368 00:11:28,680 --> 00:11:30,900 回去跟中国政府要那些土地

369 00:11:30,900 --> 00:11:32,380

370 00:11:33,220 --> 00:11:35,000 然后 你觉得要得到吗

371 00:11:36,080 --> 00:11:37,220 怎么可能要得到

372 00:11:37,220 --> 00:11:39,260 你怎么不拿清朝的房契地契

373 00:11:39,260 --> 00:11:42,880 去跟国民政府要房地产

374 00:11:48,080 --> 00:11:49,680 不要说改朝换代

375 00:11:49,680 --> 00:11:51,760 有时候你家很有钱

376 00:11:51,760 --> 00:11:53,740 可能被政府征收什么

377 00:11:53,740 --> 00:11:55,640 然后得到不公不义都有可能

378 00:11:55,640 --> 00:11:58,220 更何况说改朝换代

379 00:11:58,220 --> 00:11:58,800

380 00:11:58,800 --> 00:12:01,620 我说你怎么不说清朝末年的时候你家很有钱

381 00:12:01,620 --> 00:12:02,300

382 00:12:02,300 --> 00:12:03,720 拿清朝的地契去跟台湾的国民政府要你的土地

383 00:12:03,720 --> 00:12:05,120

384 00:12:05,820 --> 00:12:07,040

385 00:12:07,040 --> 00:12:07,280

386 00:12:07,280 --> 00:12:09,140 或是日本时代你家很有钱

387 00:12:09,140 --> 00:12:09,660 然后怎么样

388 00:12:09,660 --> 00:12:11,140 这哪有可能的事情

389 00:12:11,140 --> 00:12:12,000 所以他就

390 00:12:12,000 --> 00:12:12,740

391 00:12:12,740 --> 00:12:14,320 这个是现实的问题

392 00:12:14,320 --> 00:12:15,000 碰到的

393 00:12:15,000 --> 00:12:16,340 每次来每次抱怨

394 00:12:16,340 --> 00:12:17,320 每次碰到谁每次抱怨

395 00:12:17,320 --> 00:12:18,180

396 00:12:18,180 --> 00:12:19,540 就是抱怨这件事情

397 00:12:19,980 --> 00:12:20,380

398 00:12:20,380 --> 00:12:21,240 你们很多人可能有碰到过

399 00:12:21,240 --> 00:12:22,640

400 00:12:22,640 --> 00:12:24,100 那这有意义吗

401 00:12:24,100 --> 00:12:25,120 那你一辈子对过去眷念不舍

402 00:12:25,120 --> 00:12:26,940

403 00:12:26,940 --> 00:12:28,720 就一直生活在这里面

404 00:12:28,720 --> 00:12:29,880 碰到谁谁就抱怨

405 00:12:29,880 --> 00:12:31,840 那个阴影就一直障碍他一辈子的生活

406 00:12:31,840 --> 00:12:33,240

407 00:12:33,240 --> 00:12:34,500 所以他一辈子就生活在

408 00:12:34,500 --> 00:12:35,360 他家是很有钱

409 00:12:36,240 --> 00:12:37,180

410 00:12:37,780 --> 00:12:38,580 他家那个财产土地被政府给没收了

411 00:12:38,580 --> 00:12:39,300

412 00:12:39,300 --> 00:12:41,480

413 00:12:41,480 --> 00:12:42,440 所以我不甘心

414 00:12:42,440 --> 00:12:43,800 所以 现在碰到谁都讲

415 00:12:43,800 --> 00:12:45,420 那这种负面的情绪 会一直干扰自己的

416 00:12:45,420 --> 00:12:47,040

417 00:12:47,460 --> 00:12:48,460 这样各位了解

418 00:12:48,460 --> 00:12:48,860

419 00:12:49,640 --> 00:12:51,100 所以这个经看起来虽简单

420 00:12:51,100 --> 00:12:52,420 但是你去反省

421 00:12:52,420 --> 00:12:54,120 我们生活上确实是很多这样的情况

422 00:12:54,120 --> 00:12:56,140

423 00:12:57,280 --> 00:12:58,340 那相反

424 00:12:59,700 --> 00:13:00,760

425 00:13:01,480 --> 00:13:02,440 有些人怎么样

426 00:13:02,440 --> 00:13:03,660 我说相反了

427 00:13:03,660 --> 00:13:05,420 过去有些人是眷念过去

428 00:13:05,420 --> 00:13:08,700 有些人是不断的欣望未来

429 00:13:08,700 --> 00:13:09,760 怎么样欣望未来

430 00:13:10,680 --> 00:13:12,840 对未来有无限展望

431 00:13:12,840 --> 00:13:15,280 有未来有无限的期许

432 00:13:15,280 --> 00:13:16,860 有无限的美好

433 00:13:16,860 --> 00:13:18,200 但是你看他现在的生活

434 00:13:18,980 --> 00:13:20,100

435 00:13:21,500 --> 00:13:21,940

436 00:13:23,400 --> 00:13:24,200 不作为

437 00:13:24,200 --> 00:13:24,980 无所事事

438 00:13:25,480 --> 00:13:27,320 我看过这种人太多了

439 00:13:28,160 --> 00:13:28,920 尤其是

440 00:13:29,320 --> 00:13:30,940 老实说我不是诽谤谁

441 00:13:30,940 --> 00:13:32,220 男的比女的

442 00:13:32,220 --> 00:13:34,160 男众比女众多

443 00:13:37,060 --> 00:13:38,780 你看他现在都没干什么

444 00:13:38,780 --> 00:13:39,720 老是说我去哪里

445 00:13:39,720 --> 00:13:40,820

446 00:13:40,820 --> 00:13:41,400

447 00:13:41,920 --> 00:13:43,500 师父你不知道

448 00:13:43,500 --> 00:13:44,700 现在哪里哪里

449 00:13:44,700 --> 00:13:45,020

450 00:13:45,520 --> 00:13:47,040 我那边很多熟人

451 00:13:47,040 --> 00:13:48,280

452 00:13:48,760 --> 00:13:49,620 很多朋友什么

453 00:13:49,620 --> 00:13:50,640 然后他介绍我

454 00:13:50,640 --> 00:13:52,460 我去那边就可以投资什么

455 00:13:52,460 --> 00:13:54,420 然后很快的就可以得到什么

456 00:13:54,420 --> 00:13:55,920

457 00:13:55,920 --> 00:13:57,640 不久就很有钱了

458 00:13:57,640 --> 00:13:58,780 有钱之后回来师父

459 00:13:58,780 --> 00:13:59,440 我就护着你

460 00:13:59,440 --> 00:14:00,340 我说不用了

461 00:14:00,340 --> 00:14:02,600 你先变有钱再讲

462 00:14:03,340 --> 00:14:04,600 你不用急着护持

463 00:14:04,600 --> 00:14:05,920 你先变有钱再讲

464 00:14:06,400 --> 00:14:08,020 但是师父要提醒你一下

465 00:14:08,460 --> 00:14:10,340 小心注意那个是诈骗集团

466 00:14:11,220 --> 00:14:12,340 很多人都是这样

467 00:14:12,340 --> 00:14:13,420 什么哪里怎么样

468 00:14:13,420 --> 00:14:15,000 然后你看他现在就晃啊晃啊

469 00:14:15,000 --> 00:14:15,660 无所事事

470 00:14:15,660 --> 00:14:18,200 然后脑子充满未来的理想

471 00:14:18,920 --> 00:14:20,020 那现在你看他他根本都没在干什么

472 00:14:20,020 --> 00:14:21,640

473 00:14:21,640 --> 00:14:21,960

474 00:14:22,440 --> 00:14:23,500 所以 我们人

475 00:14:23,500 --> 00:14:24,740 当然未来都有理想

476 00:14:25,280 --> 00:14:26,620

477 00:14:26,620 --> 00:14:27,680 但是师父说过

478 00:14:28,140 --> 00:14:29,540 尽人事随因缘

479 00:14:29,540 --> 00:14:30,700 对未来的理想

480 00:14:30,700 --> 00:14:32,420 你要知道我尽力的去做

481 00:14:32,420 --> 00:14:34,200 你现在就好好把握

482 00:14:34,200 --> 00:14:35,300 好好的去做

483 00:14:35,300 --> 00:14:37,180 但是未来能不能达到你所要的期许

484 00:14:37,180 --> 00:14:38,380

485 00:14:39,380 --> 00:14:40,780 那是不一定的

486 00:14:40,780 --> 00:14:42,060 不是你用功用心

487 00:14:42,060 --> 00:14:43,580 你就可以达到这个结果

488 00:14:44,180 --> 00:14:46,240 很多是用了很多心思之后

489 00:14:46,240 --> 00:14:48,300 因缘条件或许不成熟

490 00:14:49,100 --> 00:14:50,260 但是没关系啊

491 00:14:50,260 --> 00:14:51,300 因缘条件不成熟

492 00:14:51,300 --> 00:14:52,360 你得接受它

493 00:14:52,360 --> 00:14:53,880 这样各位了解

494 00:14:53,880 --> 00:14:55,580 这就是说对过去眷念不舍

495 00:14:55,580 --> 00:14:57,420

496 00:14:57,420 --> 00:14:59,140 对未来有无限的欣望

497 00:14:59,880 --> 00:15:01,500 那有些人呢

498 00:15:02,560 --> 00:15:03,680 过去也不眷念

499 00:15:04,440 --> 00:15:06,040 未来也没什么期望

500 00:15:06,900 --> 00:15:07,600

501 00:15:09,120 --> 00:15:10,520 那现在呢

502 00:15:10,520 --> 00:15:13,360 日子好像行尸走肉一样的

503 00:15:13,360 --> 00:15:14,560 一天过一天

504 00:15:14,560 --> 00:15:15,860 一天过一天

505 00:15:15,860 --> 00:15:16,920 也不知道到底要干嘛

506 00:15:16,920 --> 00:15:19,000 你说他也不是没工作

507 00:15:19,460 --> 00:15:20,760 他是有工作的

508 00:15:20,760 --> 00:15:21,780 而且有可能不错

509 00:15:21,780 --> 00:15:24,080 但是生活的意义跟有不错的工作

510 00:15:24,080 --> 00:15:25,280

511 00:15:25,280 --> 00:15:26,360 赚多少钱

512 00:15:26,360 --> 00:15:28,700 其实没有太大相关的

513 00:15:29,440 --> 00:15:32,080 因为他就满腹的牢骚

514 00:15:32,560 --> 00:15:33,000 为什么

515 00:15:33,000 --> 00:15:35,260 他可能对现在的工作很不满

516 00:15:35,260 --> 00:15:36,600 问题是他对现在工作很不满

517 00:15:36,600 --> 00:15:37,520

518 00:15:38,160 --> 00:15:39,960 并不是说这个工作赚不了钱

519 00:15:39,960 --> 00:15:41,680 也不是这个工作多不好

520 00:15:42,080 --> 00:15:44,220 反正他就是一边做一边抱怨

521 00:15:44,220 --> 00:15:45,600 一边做一边过日子

522 00:15:45,600 --> 00:15:48,020 就是这个样子

523 00:15:48,020 --> 00:15:48,780

524 00:15:49,320 --> 00:15:51,040 我相信你们碰到过的

525 00:15:51,040 --> 00:15:52,640 很多都是这个样子

526 00:15:52,640 --> 00:15:53,380

527 00:15:53,380 --> 00:15:54,600 你不喜欢那你不要做

528 00:15:55,260 --> 00:15:57,040 但是不要做他有一大堆理由不想辞职

529 00:15:57,040 --> 00:15:57,760

530 00:15:58,320 --> 00:15:59,340 那你不要抱怨

531 00:16:00,460 --> 00:16:02,440 但问题是他又一边做一边抱怨

532 00:16:03,620 --> 00:16:04,900 很多都是这个样子

533 00:16:05,560 --> 00:16:07,300 包括师父碰到很多信徒

534 00:16:07,300 --> 00:16:08,760 也是会有这个问题

535 00:16:09,140 --> 00:16:10,000 什么信徒 有什么问题呢

536 00:16:10,000 --> 00:16:11,080

537 00:16:11,080 --> 00:16:13,060 他来到这个寺院

538 00:16:14,100 --> 00:16:14,820

539 00:16:14,820 --> 00:16:16,280 一方面做义工

540 00:16:16,280 --> 00:16:17,440 一方面反正怎么都好

541 00:16:17,440 --> 00:16:18,140 就在这个寺院

542 00:16:18,140 --> 00:16:18,960

543 00:16:18,960 --> 00:16:20,520 但是对这个寺院的师父不满

544 00:16:21,100 --> 00:16:23,740 对这个寺院的方丈不满

545 00:16:23,740 --> 00:16:26,560 对这个寺院的同参道友也不满

546 00:16:28,340 --> 00:16:29,480 反正什么都不满

547 00:16:30,140 --> 00:16:30,740

548 00:16:30,740 --> 00:16:31,520 不满出去

549 00:16:31,520 --> 00:16:32,900 然后就抱怨抱怨抱怨

550 00:16:32,900 --> 00:16:33,580 然后人家说

551 00:16:33,580 --> 00:16:35,300 那你如果这么不快乐

552 00:16:35,300 --> 00:16:36,560 学佛是要快乐

553 00:16:36,560 --> 00:16:37,680 要断除烦恼

554 00:16:37,680 --> 00:16:37,940

555 00:16:37,940 --> 00:16:39,160 至少降伏烦恼

556 00:16:39,160 --> 00:16:40,080 学佛是要快乐

557 00:16:40,080 --> 00:16:41,640 那你这么的不满

558 00:16:41,640 --> 00:16:43,020 那不然你不要去了

559 00:16:44,780 --> 00:16:45,300 算了

560 00:16:45,300 --> 00:16:46,160 反正也是寺院

561 00:16:46,160 --> 00:16:47,480 对师父再怎么不满

562 00:16:47,480 --> 00:16:48,660 反正也是出家师父

563 00:16:48,660 --> 00:16:49,280

564 00:16:49,280 --> 00:16:51,460 反正也不想离开就对了

565 00:16:51,460 --> 00:16:53,180 不想离开又一直抱怨

566 00:16:54,200 --> 00:16:55,980 生活的每一刹那就在这种既不满又抱怨

567 00:16:55,980 --> 00:16:58,040

568 00:16:58,040 --> 00:16:59,200 又不想割舍

569 00:16:59,660 --> 00:17:01,940 又不想着就这样一次过一次过

570 00:17:02,520 --> 00:17:04,020 人生就变成是这样子

571 00:17:04,860 --> 00:17:05,980 其实我告诉你们

572 00:17:06,660 --> 00:17:09,660 师父观察很多夫妻也是这个样子

573 00:17:14,380 --> 00:17:16,300 因为师父在讲阿含经解脱

574 00:17:16,300 --> 00:17:17,540 所以我就告诉你们现实的一些状况

575 00:17:17,540 --> 00:17:18,600

576 00:17:18,600 --> 00:17:20,100

577 00:17:20,100 --> 00:17:21,060 在座应该不会

578 00:17:21,060 --> 00:17:22,440 在座应该都不错

579 00:17:23,880 --> 00:17:24,840 夫妻也是这样

580 00:17:24,840 --> 00:17:26,020 不管是男的女的

581 00:17:26,520 --> 00:17:28,000 比如说太太一天到晚抱怨丈夫

582 00:17:28,000 --> 00:17:29,220

583 00:17:29,800 --> 00:17:30,200

584 00:17:30,200 --> 00:17:32,520 有些可能只是一些摩擦都还好

585 00:17:32,520 --> 00:17:33,580

586 00:17:33,580 --> 00:17:35,080 有些是很严重

587 00:17:35,080 --> 00:17:37,680 那你就离婚吧

588 00:17:37,680 --> 00:17:38,500 不行啦

589 00:17:38,500 --> 00:17:39,320 孩子还小

590 00:17:39,320 --> 00:17:41,100 也不想给孩子有破碎的家庭

591 00:17:41,540 --> 00:17:43,300 东扯西扯就对了

592 00:17:43,980 --> 00:17:45,140 那么就这样子

593 00:17:45,140 --> 00:17:46,660 一方面一直不满不满

594 00:17:46,660 --> 00:17:47,840 然后吵架吵架

595 00:17:47,840 --> 00:17:48,600 一方面呢

596 00:17:48,600 --> 00:17:49,720 你说离婚了

597 00:17:49,720 --> 00:17:52,420 他又没有勇气去面对

598 00:17:52,960 --> 00:17:53,960 又离不了

599 00:17:53,960 --> 00:17:56,000 然后日子就这样浑浑噩噩

600 00:17:56,000 --> 00:17:57,460 对未来也没什么希望

601 00:17:57,460 --> 00:17:58,900 你说未来能期许什么

602 00:17:59,500 --> 00:18:00,540 他的期许就是赶快把孩子养大再打算

603 00:18:01,280 --> 00:18:03,280

604 00:18:03,840 --> 00:18:04,680

605 00:18:04,680 --> 00:18:07,420 那这种生活就变成很没有品质

606 00:18:07,420 --> 00:18:08,560 很没有意义

607 00:18:09,360 --> 00:18:11,820 所以师父常说过一句话

608 00:18:12,880 --> 00:18:16,240 你有没有学佛是一件事情

609 00:18:16,720 --> 00:18:17,260

610 00:18:17,260 --> 00:18:18,540 但是你来到这个人世间

611 00:18:18,540 --> 00:18:19,580 总得知道说

612 00:18:19,580 --> 00:18:21,660 那你的人生意义到底是什么

613 00:18:22,560 --> 00:18:23,040

614 00:18:23,580 --> 00:18:25,740 那如果你能学佛是最好的

615 00:18:25,740 --> 00:18:29,100 因为佛法佛教能给你一个

616 00:18:29,100 --> 00:18:30,780 很有意义的人生

617 00:18:30,780 --> 00:18:33,080 让你知道你的人生的目的跟意义到底是什么

618 00:18:33,080 --> 00:18:33,860

619 00:18:34,380 --> 00:18:36,040 师父就是在佛法里面

620 00:18:36,040 --> 00:18:38,860 找到师父的人生的真实目标跟真实意义

621 00:18:38,860 --> 00:18:39,780

622 00:18:39,780 --> 00:18:41,840 这个大家可以参考一下

623 00:18:42,740 --> 00:18:43,780 有没有什么问题

624 00:18:45,740 --> 00:18:47,700 没有来我们继续来看下一个

625 00:18:47,700 --> 00:18:50,320 这叫做 三世觀無常

626 00:18:53,140 --> 00:18:55,540 (三)因與緣觀無常

627 00:18:56,540 --> 00:18:58,120 这个经很有趣

628 00:18:58,120 --> 00:18:59,920 而且你们之前应该看过了

629 00:18:59,920 --> 00:19:01,440 师父等一下分析一下

630 00:19:02,300 --> 00:19:04,220 【爾時，世尊告諸比丘:「色無常，若因、

631 00:19:04,740 --> 00:19:05,880

632 00:19:05,880 --> 00:19:07,560 若緣生諸色者，彼亦無常。】

633 00:19:07,560 --> 00:19:10,440

634 00:19:11,680 --> 00:19:12,460 知道是什么

635 00:19:12,940 --> 00:19:14,580 色、受、想、行、识的色

636 00:19:15,520 --> 00:19:16,360 那当然了

637 00:19:16,360 --> 00:19:18,520 你也可以想是色声香味触法的色 都可以

638 00:19:18,520 --> 00:19:18,960

639 00:19:19,700 --> 00:19:21,240 反正他的意思就是说

640 00:19:21,240 --> 00:19:23,020 色是变化无常的

641 00:19:23,020 --> 00:19:24,580 若因若缘生诸色

642 00:19:25,080 --> 00:19:27,980 能够产生色的这个因跟缘

643 00:19:27,980 --> 00:19:28,760 还是怎么样

644 00:19:29,400 --> 00:19:30,140 彼亦无常

645 00:19:30,140 --> 00:19:33,060 【無常因、無常緣所 生諸色，云何有常?

646 00:19:33,060 --> 00:19:34,340

647 00:19:34,340 --> 00:19:36,680 如是受、想、行、识无常

648 00:19:36,680 --> 00:19:40,040 若因、若緣生諸識者，彼亦無常。

649 00:19:40,040 --> 00:19:42,620 無常因、無 常緣所生諸識，云何有常?

650 00:19:42,620 --> 00:19:43,840

651 00:19:43,840 --> 00:19:44,720 如是，諸比丘!色 無常，受、想、行、識無常。

652 00:19:44,720 --> 00:19:46,100

653 00:19:46,100 --> 00:19:47,740

654 00:19:47,740 --> 00:19:49,320 無常者則是苦， 苦者則非我，非我者則非我所。

655 00:19:49,320 --> 00:19:51,040

656 00:19:51,040 --> 00:19:52,440

657 00:19:52,440 --> 00:19:54,560「聖弟子!如是觀者，厭於色】

658 00:19:54,560 --> 00:19:55,500

659 00:19:55,980 --> 00:19:57,480 这个厌倒不是讨厌

660 00:19:57,480 --> 00:19:59,820 就是不染着

661 00:20:00,800 --> 00:20:02,080 出离不染着

662 00:20:02,800 --> 00:20:04,620 【厌于受、想、行、识

663 00:20:04,620 --> 00:20:05,740 厭者不樂，不樂則解脫， 】

664 00:20:05,740 --> 00:20:06,900

665 00:20:06,900 --> 00:20:08,680 意思就是说不再贪著受、想、行、识

666 00:20:08,680 --> 00:20:09,900

667 00:20:10,380 --> 00:20:12,220 色、受、想、行、识不再贪著则解脱

668 00:20:12,220 --> 00:20:12,960

669 00:20:12,960 --> 00:20:13,800 解脫知 見:『我生已盡，梵行已立，

670 00:20:14,420 --> 00:20:15,560

671 00:20:15,560 --> 00:20:16,180

672 00:20:16,180 --> 00:20:16,840 所作已作，自知 不受後有。』」(雜11)】

673 00:20:16,840 --> 00:20:17,760

674 00:20:17,760 --> 00:20:20,460 这一句阿罗汉的定型句

675 00:20:20,460 --> 00:20:22,300

676 00:20:22,300 --> 00:20:22,960

677 00:20:23,440 --> 00:20:24,580 那么他这里弄的那个标题是

678 00:20:25,540 --> 00:20:27,000

679 00:20:27,000 --> 00:20:29,180 因与缘观无常

680 00:20:29,180 --> 00:20:30,360

681 00:20:31,220 --> 00:20:31,920 这一段

682 00:20:33,660 --> 00:20:35,000 他说色无常

683 00:20:36,380 --> 00:20:39,260 那么产生色的因跟缘都是无常

684 00:20:39,260 --> 00:20:40,200

685 00:20:41,980 --> 00:20:43,520 那这告诉我们是什么

686 00:20:44,200 --> 00:20:45,380 你们记得师父在早上上般若经的时候

687 00:20:45,380 --> 00:20:47,700

688 00:20:48,340 --> 00:20:50,760 般若经曾经讲过三种假

689 00:20:53,800 --> 00:20:55,360 名假、受假、法假

690 00:20:56,200 --> 00:20:58,520 那么在后代的论师

691 00:20:58,520 --> 00:21:00,300 你看这个是杂阿含经的

692 00:21:00,300 --> 00:21:01,460 杂阿含经第11经表示是什么

693 00:21:02,100 --> 00:21:02,780

694 00:21:03,260 --> 00:21:04,400 非常早的

695 00:21:04,400 --> 00:21:07,280 而且是杂阿含经的教法里面

696 00:21:07,280 --> 00:21:09,780 非常根本的基本的教法

697 00:21:10,200 --> 00:21:13,840 那么在般若经的里面

698 00:21:13,840 --> 00:21:15,340

699 00:21:15,340 --> 00:21:16,840 他说假法，因缘所成的

700 00:21:16,840 --> 00:21:18,120 没有自性叫假

701 00:21:18,120 --> 00:21:19,320 就是假名有

702 00:21:19,320 --> 00:21:22,700 那当然有名假、受假、法假

703 00:21:23,100 --> 00:21:23,340

704 00:21:23,340 --> 00:21:25,600 那么在一般来讲的话

705 00:21:26,280 --> 00:21:27,540 名假跟受假

706 00:21:27,540 --> 00:21:29,880 是共通二乘的

707 00:21:30,560 --> 00:21:31,720

708 00:21:31,720 --> 00:21:32,760

709 00:21:32,760 --> 00:21:34,880 大部分的学派都是这样子

710 00:21:34,880 --> 00:21:36,260 名假受假

711 00:21:36,260 --> 00:21:37,700 比如说什么叫名

712 00:21:38,540 --> 00:21:40,900 名称、称呼、语言叫名

713 00:21:40,900 --> 00:21:43,380 受是具体的事物

714 00:21:43,380 --> 00:21:44,240

715 00:21:44,240 --> 00:21:45,260

716 00:21:46,200 --> 00:21:48,500 所以如果是我们人类的话

717 00:21:48,500 --> 00:21:50,040 师父这样子叫做人

718 00:21:50,960 --> 00:21:52,360

719 00:21:53,220 --> 00:21:55,300 这个人是名称

720 00:21:55,300 --> 00:21:57,400 这个人是因缘和合的

721 00:21:57,400 --> 00:21:58,240 所以是假

722 00:21:59,780 --> 00:22:01,960 包括叫做人或叫做师父

723 00:22:01,960 --> 00:22:03,040

724 00:22:03,040 --> 00:22:03,780 两个字

725 00:22:03,780 --> 00:22:04,120

726 00:22:04,120 --> 00:22:05,400 这个是名假

727 00:22:06,420 --> 00:22:07,540 具体的师父这个身心

728 00:22:07,540 --> 00:22:08,280

729 00:22:08,280 --> 00:22:09,220 有身有心

730 00:22:09,220 --> 00:22:12,240 身心这样和合的一个具体的这样子

731 00:22:12,240 --> 00:22:12,580

732 00:22:12,580 --> 00:22:13,820 这个叫做受假

733 00:22:14,820 --> 00:22:16,120 那一般来讲

734 00:22:16,120 --> 00:22:16,960

735 00:22:17,500 --> 00:22:18,740 名假、受假

736 00:22:18,740 --> 00:22:20,480

737 00:22:20,480 --> 00:22:21,740 在佛教的所有学派里面

738 00:22:21,740 --> 00:22:23,640 都是共通承认的

739 00:22:24,440 --> 00:22:26,040 现在的问题是

740 00:22:26,600 --> 00:22:26,960

741 00:22:27,460 --> 00:22:29,040 法，到底是实有还是假

742 00:22:29,640 --> 00:22:30,820 法是什么你们知道

743 00:22:34,860 --> 00:22:35,840 五蕴

744 00:22:36,400 --> 00:22:36,760

745 00:22:37,620 --> 00:22:39,400 五蕴的色受想行识

746 00:22:39,400 --> 00:22:39,700

747 00:22:40,340 --> 00:22:40,700

748 00:22:41,640 --> 00:22:42,100

749 00:22:42,100 --> 00:22:42,420

750 00:22:44,640 --> 00:22:45,820

751 00:22:46,700 --> 00:22:48,700 色受想行识

752 00:22:50,620 --> 00:22:51,880 这五蕴是身心

753 00:22:52,960 --> 00:22:54,240

754 00:22:55,480 --> 00:22:56,320 没错吧

755 00:22:56,880 --> 00:22:57,300

756 00:22:59,260 --> 00:22:59,780

757 00:23:00,320 --> 00:23:01,380 身心和合起来

758 00:23:01,380 --> 00:23:02,520 就是师父这个身心

759 00:23:02,520 --> 00:23:04,860 这五蕴和合的身心没有一个什么

760 00:23:04,860 --> 00:23:06,480

761 00:23:06,480 --> 00:23:08,220 不变的我

762 00:23:10,140 --> 00:23:11,120 这样了解吗

763 00:23:11,880 --> 00:23:13,040 这个没问题

764 00:23:14,240 --> 00:23:15,180

765 00:23:15,180 --> 00:23:17,100 所以这一个五蕴和合的身心

766 00:23:17,800 --> 00:23:18,620 你可以叫做人

767 00:23:18,620 --> 00:23:19,600

768 00:23:20,700 --> 00:23:22,480 或是金刚经 讲叫寿者

769 00:23:22,480 --> 00:23:23,140

770 00:23:24,340 --> 00:23:24,820

771 00:23:24,820 --> 00:23:27,220 那么金刚经也讲命者

772 00:23:28,300 --> 00:23:29,660 就是我相、人相、众生相、寿者相

773 00:23:29,660 --> 00:23:30,980

774 00:23:31,440 --> 00:23:32,700 都有种种名称

775 00:23:32,700 --> 00:23:33,480

776 00:23:33,480 --> 00:23:34,420 但是五蕴就是身心

777 00:23:34,420 --> 00:23:35,440 那么身心没有一个我

778 00:23:35,440 --> 00:23:36,720

779 00:23:36,720 --> 00:23:37,700 这个我是错误的

780 00:23:37,700 --> 00:23:38,320 没有一个我

781 00:23:38,320 --> 00:23:40,500 这个在学派里面都承认都认可的

782 00:23:40,500 --> 00:23:41,460

783 00:23:41,460 --> 00:23:43,440 现在的问题是说

784 00:23:43,440 --> 00:23:44,800 这个一一元素

785 00:23:45,380 --> 00:23:46,100

786 00:23:46,620 --> 00:23:47,100

787 00:23:47,100 --> 00:23:48,280

788 00:23:48,280 --> 00:23:49,460 譬如说以色来讲

789 00:23:50,100 --> 00:23:51,380 这个色到底是不是实有的

790 00:23:51,940 --> 00:23:52,880

791 00:23:54,020 --> 00:23:54,580

792 00:23:55,100 --> 00:23:57,260 这个色到底是不是实有的

793 00:23:57,260 --> 00:23:58,120

794 00:23:58,120 --> 00:23:59,840 阿含经这里讲 色是无常

795 00:23:59,840 --> 00:24:00,780

796 00:24:00,780 --> 00:24:01,720

797 00:24:01,720 --> 00:24:03,020 那色是无常没问题

798 00:24:03,020 --> 00:24:04,840 那么产生色

799 00:24:05,940 --> 00:24:07,660 构成色的东西是什么

800 00:24:08,400 --> 00:24:08,960

801 00:24:09,700 --> 00:24:10,480 四大：地、水、火、风

802 00:24:13,140 --> 00:24:13,700

803 00:24:13,700 --> 00:24:14,780

804 00:24:14,780 --> 00:24:15,760

805 00:24:15,760 --> 00:24:16,500

806 00:24:17,900 --> 00:24:19,640 这些个叫做元素

807 00:24:20,780 --> 00:24:21,920 也叫做法

808 00:24:22,560 --> 00:24:23,120

809 00:24:24,140 --> 00:24:25,140 这样了解吗

810 00:24:25,760 --> 00:24:26,620 问题是这个法到底是实有的

811 00:24:26,620 --> 00:24:28,420

812 00:24:29,580 --> 00:24:31,780 还是也是假有的

813 00:24:31,780 --> 00:24:33,800 般若中观说它是什么

814 00:24:34,620 --> 00:24:35,420 假有的

815 00:24:36,420 --> 00:24:37,540

816 00:24:37,540 --> 00:24:39,040 但是佛教里面的某一些上座作部学派

817 00:24:39,040 --> 00:24:40,800

818 00:24:40,800 --> 00:24:43,040 说这个（四大）是实有的

819 00:24:43,040 --> 00:24:43,960

820 00:24:44,540 --> 00:24:45,800 所以四大的地是什么

821 00:24:45,800 --> 00:24:46,440 坚性

822 00:24:47,100 --> 00:24:50,100 这个坚性的性质是实有的

823 00:24:50,100 --> 00:24:52,220 这个叫做法有论

824 00:24:52,860 --> 00:24:54,400 你们去看师父的俱舍论或看其他很多地方

825 00:24:54,400 --> 00:24:55,520

826 00:24:55,520 --> 00:24:56,560 这个都叫法有论

827 00:24:56,560 --> 00:24:58,260 那么现在呢

828 00:24:59,140 --> 00:25:00,260 上座部跟大众部

829 00:25:00,940 --> 00:25:02,180

830 00:25:02,180 --> 00:25:03,620 或是上座部跟大乘

831 00:25:03,620 --> 00:25:05,020 他们就在这个法到底是实有还是假有的

832 00:25:05,020 --> 00:25:06,100

833 00:25:06,100 --> 00:25:07,440

834 00:25:07,960 --> 00:25:10,140 有一些不同的看法跟意见

835 00:25:10,900 --> 00:25:11,960 这样各位了解吗

836 00:25:13,120 --> 00:25:15,700 那么大众部或是大乘佛教

837 00:25:15,700 --> 00:25:18,200 他们会认为那个法也是假的

838 00:25:19,060 --> 00:25:21,620 而且就中观学派来讲

839 00:25:22,200 --> 00:25:23,360 中观你们知道

840 00:25:23,360 --> 00:25:24,980 中观学派是大乘学派

841 00:25:25,580 --> 00:25:27,280 但是很有趣的一件事情

842 00:25:27,960 --> 00:25:30,840 中观学派所引的经典

843 00:25:32,340 --> 00:25:33,660 一般来讲都会认为

844 00:25:33,660 --> 00:25:35,540 中观是在诠释般若经的

845 00:25:35,540 --> 00:25:37,400 然而很有趣的是

846 00:25:37,400 --> 00:25:40,080 中论这一部论所引的经典都是什么经

847 00:25:40,080 --> 00:25:41,300

848 00:25:42,280 --> 00:25:43,420 不但是阿含经

849 00:25:43,420 --> 00:25:45,580 而且绝大多数都是杂阿含经

850 00:25:47,200 --> 00:25:47,960 那你看

851 00:25:47,960 --> 00:25:50,360 如果是从这一经来讲的话

852 00:25:50,360 --> 00:25:52,880 如果你不是上座部的这些论师

853 00:25:53,460 --> 00:25:54,440

854 00:25:54,440 --> 00:25:56,660

855 00:25:56,660 --> 00:25:58,720 从这个经本身来讲的话

856 00:25:58,720 --> 00:26:01,800 你会觉得法是假还是实有

857 00:26:03,020 --> 00:26:04,780 因为他已经告诉你一件事

858 00:26:04,780 --> 00:26:05,380 【色無常，若因、 若緣生諸色者，彼亦無常。

859 00:26:05,380 --> 00:26:08,220

860 00:26:08,920 --> 00:26:09,320

861 00:26:09,860 --> 00:26:10,860

862 00:26:11,540 --> 00:26:12,820 無常因、無常緣所 生諸色，云何有常?】

863 00:26:12,820 --> 00:26:14,380

864 00:26:15,180 --> 00:26:16,720

865 00:26:16,720 --> 00:26:19,480 这个经 已经这样具体的告诉你了

866 00:26:19,980 --> 00:26:21,880 所以如果从中论他所引的经典

867 00:26:21,880 --> 00:26:22,880

868 00:26:22,880 --> 00:26:25,100 这个经典一定可以作为他的根据

869 00:26:25,100 --> 00:26:26,300 或是一些大乘教法

870 00:26:26,300 --> 00:26:27,280 一定会作为他的

871 00:26:27,280 --> 00:26:28,640 可以作为他的根据的

872 00:26:29,160 --> 00:26:31,260 所以般若中观

873 00:26:31,260 --> 00:26:32,140 他认为怎么样

874 00:26:32,140 --> 00:26:33,860 诸法实相三乘所共

875 00:26:34,540 --> 00:26:37,160 就是他认为说阿含经不会讲法有了

876 00:26:37,160 --> 00:26:40,120 但是上座部却是讲法有的

877 00:26:40,120 --> 00:26:41,160 这样各位了解

878 00:26:41,160 --> 00:26:45,560 那上座部有没有根据什么说法是实有的

879 00:26:45,560 --> 00:26:47,020

880 00:26:47,020 --> 00:26:47,820 色是实有的

881 00:26:47,820 --> 00:26:51,440 因为上座部会引这个说

882 00:26:51,440 --> 00:26:52,600 他说有过去色

883 00:26:52,600 --> 00:26:53,120 有未来色

884 00:26:53,120 --> 00:26:53,800 有现在色

885 00:26:54,520 --> 00:26:56,240 所以色法是实有的

886 00:26:57,060 --> 00:26:58,000 所以法的实性实有通三世

887 00:26:58,000 --> 00:27:00,780

888 00:27:00,780 --> 00:27:02,620 所以有过去、现在、未来

889 00:27:03,000 --> 00:27:03,940 过去法实有

890 00:27:03,940 --> 00:27:04,820 现在法实有

891 00:27:04,820 --> 00:27:05,800 未来法实有

892 00:27:05,800 --> 00:27:07,120 他会这样子说

893 00:27:07,640 --> 00:27:09,060 刚好他引的是这个经

894 00:27:09,060 --> 00:27:12,800 但是中观学派都会引这个经

895 00:27:12,800 --> 00:27:15,740 告诉你连阿含经讲的都是怎么样

896 00:27:15,740 --> 00:27:17,160 法空论

897 00:27:17,800 --> 00:27:19,360 都是法空论

898 00:27:19,940 --> 00:27:21,360 这样各位知道

899 00:27:21,360 --> 00:27:24,660 如果你不知道说什么学派什么没关系

900 00:27:24,660 --> 00:27:26,080 反正是这样子

901 00:27:26,080 --> 00:27:28,340 就是从这一经可以看得出来

902 00:27:28,340 --> 00:27:31,340 如果严格来研究阿含经的话

903 00:27:31,340 --> 00:27:32,980 其实他也是讲法 是假的

904 00:27:33,720 --> 00:27:34,360

905 00:27:34,360 --> 00:27:36,160 也是因缘和合所成的

906 00:27:36,160 --> 00:27:37,780 这样了解吗

907 00:27:38,240 --> 00:27:40,500 那么如果从现在科学来讲的话

908 00:27:40,500 --> 00:27:43,180 现在科学慢慢已经走向了

909 00:27:43,180 --> 00:27:44,420 没有所谓的物质

910 00:27:45,660 --> 00:27:49,140 没有随后的最小的粒子

911 00:27:51,500 --> 00:27:53,200 没有无方分极微

912 00:27:53,200 --> 00:27:54,420 没有这样的一个东西

913 00:27:55,020 --> 00:27:56,040

914 00:27:56,040 --> 00:27:57,780 因为传统物理学会认为说

915 00:27:57,780 --> 00:27:59,240 那既染物质是有的

916 00:27:59,240 --> 00:28:00,180 实体的

917 00:28:00,180 --> 00:28:02,740 那也可以分到最后一个小的物质

918 00:28:02,740 --> 00:28:03,380

919 00:28:04,340 --> 00:28:06,500 但是现在一直研究之后发现说

920 00:28:06,500 --> 00:28:08,140 根本没有这种最小物质的东西

921 00:28:09,180 --> 00:28:09,680

922 00:28:09,680 --> 00:28:11,840 这个就是我们阿含经里面所讲的

923 00:28:11,840 --> 00:28:14,100 因与缘都是无常的

924 00:28:14,100 --> 00:28:15,400 所以色无常

925 00:28:15,400 --> 00:28:18,660 色因色缘也都是无常的

926 00:28:18,660 --> 00:28:19,440 当然了

927 00:28:19,440 --> 00:28:21,020 受也是无常的

928 00:28:21,590 --> 00:28:23,280 受也得要有什么样

929 00:28:24,300 --> 00:28:25,600 由因缘或是怎么样

930 00:28:25,600 --> 00:28:26,800

931 00:28:26,800 --> 00:28:29,600 才能慢慢慢慢产生这样的一个感触

932 00:28:29,600 --> 00:28:31,260 或是这样的情绪作用

933 00:28:31,260 --> 00:28:33,400 那这些都是要因缘条件成的

934 00:28:33,400 --> 00:28:35,220 这个叫作观无常

935 00:28:35,220 --> 00:28:36,140

936 00:28:37,440 --> 00:28:39,540 有没有什么问题

937 00:28:41,420 --> 00:28:41,980

938 00:28:41,980 --> 00:28:43,020

939 00:28:43,020 --> 00:28:44,660 没问题我们继续来看

940 00:28:45,260 --> 00:28:47,520 (四)緣起系列觀無常

941 00:28:47,520 --> 00:28:50,000

942 00:28:50,000 --> 00:28:51,660 1、 自作自受

943 00:28:52,160 --> 00:28:53,060

944 00:28:55,040 --> 00:28:58,660 【時，有異婆羅門來詣佛所，，】

945 00:29:01,140 --> 00:29:02,940 你们知道为什么叫做異婆罗门吗

946 00:29:02,940 --> 00:29:05,160

947 00:29:10,490 --> 00:29:12,130 你说一个婆罗门是不是

948 00:29:12,130 --> 00:29:13,430 他不是一

949 00:29:13,430 --> 00:29:14,690 他说异

950 00:29:14,690 --> 00:29:15,150

951 00:29:15,970 --> 00:29:16,890 有異婆罗门

952 00:29:21,320 --> 00:29:22,760 当然婆罗门一定是外道

953 00:29:23,260 --> 00:29:24,820 婆罗门不可能是佛教的

954 00:29:27,420 --> 00:29:28,420 不同的外道

955 00:29:29,500 --> 00:29:30,840 其实也不是这样

956 00:29:30,840 --> 00:29:31,880 那个谁记得

957 00:29:31,880 --> 00:29:32,560 师父讲过

958 00:29:35,780 --> 00:29:38,460 如果他知道这个婆罗门具体的是谁

959 00:29:38,460 --> 00:29:39,420 他有时候会讲

960 00:29:39,420 --> 00:29:41,040 什么路爱婆罗门

961 00:29:41,500 --> 00:29:42,740 什么什么婆罗门

962 00:29:42,740 --> 00:29:44,520 路兰婆罗门

963 00:29:44,520 --> 00:29:46,900 那他讲異婆罗门就表示有一个婆罗门

964 00:29:48,160 --> 00:29:50,160

965 00:29:50,160 --> 00:29:52,080 名不见经传

966 00:29:52,080 --> 00:29:53,320 不知道是谁的婆罗门

967 00:29:53,320 --> 00:29:54,820 就是有这么一个婆罗门

968 00:29:55,360 --> 00:29:57,040 这就古代用这样的翻译

969 00:29:57,040 --> 00:29:58,000 有一个婆罗门

970 00:29:58,000 --> 00:29:59,300 就是somebody

971 00:29:59,300 --> 00:30:00,560 有一个婆罗门

972 00:30:00,560 --> 00:30:02,600 一个婆罗门怎么样呢

973 00:30:02,600 --> 00:30:05,580 與世尊面相慶慰

974 00:30:05,580 --> 00:30:07,580 这个庆慰就是互相问好

975 00:30:07,580 --> 00:30:09,140

976 00:30:09,620 --> 00:30:11,760【慶慰已，退坐一面，白佛言:

977 00:30:11,760 --> 00:30:12,760

978 00:30:12,760 --> 00:30:14,260 「云何?瞿曇!】

979 00:30:14,260 --> 00:30:14,820 这很明显

980 00:30:14,820 --> 00:30:15,520 因为是婆罗门

981 00:30:15,520 --> 00:30:17,560 所以他一定称佛陀为瞿曇

982 00:30:18,880 --> 00:30:22,040 只有佛弟子会称佛陀为世尊

983 00:30:22,640 --> 00:30:24,780 瞿曇，师父讲过好几次

984 00:30:24,780 --> 00:30:26,680 【为自作自覺耶?】

985 00:30:26,680 --> 00:30:28,480

986 00:30:29,440 --> 00:30:30,400 自作自觉什么意思？

987 00:30:30,400 --> 00:30:31,080

988 00:30:32,020 --> 00:30:33,020 自作自受

989 00:30:33,020 --> 00:30:35,280 记得这个「受」常翻为「觉」

990 00:30:35,960 --> 00:30:37,160 觉受、觉受

991 00:30:37,160 --> 00:30:39,460 所以这个觉其实就是受的意思

992 00:30:40,080 --> 00:30:40,300 他说是自作自受吗

993 00:30:41,040 --> 00:30:43,280

994 00:30:44,000 --> 00:30:45,580 你们觉得是不是自作自受

995 00:30:50,620 --> 00:30:51,740 一般应该是这样

996 00:30:51,740 --> 00:30:52,720 在佛教里面当然一般会讲自作自受

997 00:30:52,720 --> 00:30:54,640

998 00:30:54,640 --> 00:30:56,500

999 00:30:56,500 --> 00:30:57,380 没错吧

1000 00:30:57,380 --> 00:31:00,820 你造业你自己受

1001 00:31:00,820 --> 00:31:01,340

1002 00:31:01,340 --> 00:31:04,720 人家说个人造业个人受

1003 00:31:05,340 --> 00:31:05,720

1004 00:31:07,080 --> 00:31:07,460

1005 00:31:07,460 --> 00:31:08,120 那么

1006 00:31:09,960 --> 00:31:10,340 没错

1007 00:31:10,340 --> 00:31:11,800 是不是自作自受

1008 00:31:13,460 --> 00:31:15,380 你是怕师父弄陷阱给你跳

1009 00:31:19,860 --> 00:31:20,240

1010 00:31:20,790 --> 00:31:21,560 你是觉得不是自作自受

1011 00:31:24,000 --> 00:31:25,020

1012 00:31:25,020 --> 00:31:26,600 不然是自作他受

1013 00:31:32,580 --> 00:31:34,380 这个跟不了义可能没有太多关系

1014 00:31:34,380 --> 00:31:35,720 这里在讲了义的东西

1015 00:31:36,460 --> 00:31:36,860

1016 00:31:36,860 --> 00:31:38,600 一般会觉得自作自受

1017 00:31:38,600 --> 00:31:40,160 自己造作然后自己有业报

1018 00:31:40,160 --> 00:31:41,140

1019 00:31:41,140 --> 00:31:42,600 自己去接受承担

1020 00:31:43,180 --> 00:31:43,980 那我们看一般是这样没错

1021 00:31:43,980 --> 00:31:45,000

1022 00:31:45,000 --> 00:31:46,580 那我们看佛陀怎么说

1023 00:31:46,580 --> 00:31:47,500 【佛告婆羅門:「我說此是無記， 】

1024 00:31:47,500 --> 00:31:50,320

1025 00:31:50,820 --> 00:31:51,940 佛说是无记

1026 00:31:53,600 --> 00:31:55,180 就是没办法回答你

1027 00:31:55,700 --> 00:31:56,100 然后

1028 00:31:56,100 --> 00:31:57,560 【自作自覺，此是無記。】

1029 00:31:57,560 --> 00:31:58,260

1030 00:31:58,700 --> 00:31:59,620 他说无记

1031 00:31:59,620 --> 00:31:59,900

1032 00:31:59,900 --> 00:32:01,140 【「云何?瞿曇!他作他 覺耶?」】

1033 00:32:01,140 --> 00:32:01,880

1034 00:32:01,880 --> 00:32:02,840

1035 00:32:02,840 --> 00:32:04,440 他说那不是自作自受

1036 00:32:04,440 --> 00:32:04,880 那就是别人作别人受

1037 00:32:06,140 --> 00:32:07,500

1038 00:32:08,780 --> 00:32:09,380

1039 00:32:09,380 --> 00:32:09,880 然后佛说什么

1040 00:32:09,880 --> 00:32:10,540 【佛告婆羅門:「他作他覺，此是無記。」

1041 00:32:10,540 --> 00:32:11,840

1042 00:32:11,840 --> 00:32:12,600

1043 00:32:13,580 --> 00:32:14,280 婆羅門白佛:「云何?我問自作自覺，說言無記;

1044 00:32:14,280 --> 00:32:15,240

1045 00:32:15,240 --> 00:32:15,700

1046 00:32:15,700 --> 00:32:17,000

1047 00:32:17,000 --> 00:32:17,900

1048 00:32:17,900 --> 00:32:19,160 他作他覺，說言無記，此義云何?」

1049 00:32:19,160 --> 00:32:19,900

1050 00:32:19,900 --> 00:32:20,800

1051 00:32:20,800 --> 00:32:21,640 佛告婆罗门

1052 00:32:22,140 --> 00:32:23,620 「自作自覺則墮常見，他作他覺則墮斷見。】

1053 00:32:23,620 --> 00:32:25,000

1054 00:32:26,020 --> 00:32:26,460

1055 00:32:26,980 --> 00:32:28,200

1056 00:32:28,200 --> 00:32:29,660

1057 00:32:29,660 --> 00:32:30,760 其实他的他作他觉

1058 00:32:30,760 --> 00:32:31,800

1059 00:32:31,800 --> 00:32:32,780 在其他地方是自作他觉

1060 00:32:32,780 --> 00:32:33,600

1061 00:32:34,060 --> 00:32:34,500 就是我作别人受

1062 00:32:35,040 --> 00:32:36,260

1063 00:32:36,260 --> 00:32:38,320 或是别人作我受

1064 00:32:38,960 --> 00:32:39,580

1065 00:32:39,580 --> 00:32:40,680 因为他作他受

1066 00:32:40,680 --> 00:32:41,280

1067 00:32:41,280 --> 00:32:43,480 不就等于自作自受了吗

1068 00:32:44,000 --> 00:32:44,640 这样了解吗

1069 00:32:44,640 --> 00:32:45,500 其他经典是这样子说

1070 00:32:45,500 --> 00:32:46,520

1071 00:32:46,520 --> 00:32:46,840

1072 00:32:47,320 --> 00:32:48,740 自作自受是无记

1073 00:32:48,740 --> 00:32:50,220 那自作他受呢

1074 00:32:50,220 --> 00:32:51,280 佛说还是无记

1075 00:32:51,280 --> 00:32:53,180 因为自作自受堕常见

1076 00:32:53,180 --> 00:32:54,160 自作他受堕断见

1077 00:32:54,160 --> 00:32:54,800

1078 00:32:54,800 --> 00:32:55,880

1079 00:32:55,880 --> 00:32:56,500

1080 00:32:57,820 --> 00:32:58,260 你说

1081 00:32:58,260 --> 00:32:59,400 那这怎么跟我们一般认识的不一样呢

1082 00:32:59,400 --> 00:33:01,120

1083 00:33:01,120 --> 00:33:02,340 然后 佛陀说

1084 00:33:02,340 --> 00:33:04,280 【自作自觉堕常见

1085 00:33:04,280 --> 00:33:05,840 自作他觉堕断见

1086 00:33:06,820 --> 00:33:08,300 義說、 法說，離此二邊，處於中道而說法，

1087 00:33:08,300 --> 00:33:09,340

1088 00:33:09,340 --> 00:33:10,760

1089 00:33:10,760 --> 00:33:12,640 所谓此有故彼有

1090 00:33:12,640 --> 00:33:13,760 此起故彼起

1091 00:33:13,760 --> 00:33:15,540 緣無明行，乃至純大苦聚集，

1092 00:33:15,540 --> 00:33:17,120 無明滅則行滅，乃至純大苦聚滅。】

1093 00:33:17,120 --> 00:33:19,160

1094 00:33:22,260 --> 00:33:22,880

1095 00:33:22,880 --> 00:33:24,020

1096 00:33:24,020 --> 00:33:25,300 知道佛陀讲的意思是什么

1097 00:33:27,420 --> 00:33:28,380 缘起

1098 00:33:30,220 --> 00:33:31,080

1099 00:33:31,080 --> 00:33:32,820 一切都是缘起的和合不断的推移前进

1100 00:33:32,820 --> 00:33:34,400

1101 00:33:34,400 --> 00:33:36,160 所以我们这个身心

1102 00:33:36,160 --> 00:33:37,920 是缘起和合的不断推移前进

1103 00:33:37,920 --> 00:33:39,260

1104 00:33:39,840 --> 00:33:40,800 意思就是在缘起不断和合的推移前进

1105 00:33:40,800 --> 00:33:42,700

1106 00:33:42,700 --> 00:33:43,440

1107 00:33:43,440 --> 00:33:45,140 没有一个不变的我

1108 00:33:45,140 --> 00:33:46,740 意思就是没有一个我

1109 00:33:46,740 --> 00:33:48,460 你要是说自作自受

1110 00:33:48,460 --> 00:33:49,720 就表示有一个我在造作

1111 00:33:49,720 --> 00:33:51,240

1112 00:33:51,240 --> 00:33:52,600 然后有一个我在受报

1113 00:33:53,640 --> 00:33:54,660 那就落入

1114 00:33:55,100 --> 00:33:55,740 落入什么

1115 00:33:55,740 --> 00:33:56,760 为什么才会说堕入常见

1116 00:33:56,760 --> 00:33:57,520

1117 00:33:58,820 --> 00:33:59,560 这样了解

1118 00:33:59,560 --> 00:34:00,420 才会堕入常见

1119 00:34:00,420 --> 00:34:01,080 因为有一个我在做这个做那个

1120 00:34:01,080 --> 00:34:02,180

1121 00:34:02,180 --> 00:34:03,820

1122 00:34:03,820 --> 00:34:04,960 然后在造作

1123 00:34:04,960 --> 00:34:06,480 然后最后有一个我在受报

1124 00:34:06,480 --> 00:34:08,160 那有一个我死了

1125 00:34:08,160 --> 00:34:10,360 然后有一个我不死继续在轮回

1126 00:34:10,360 --> 00:34:11,300

1127 00:34:11,300 --> 00:34:12,980 那就是有一个我见

1128 00:34:12,980 --> 00:34:14,020 有一个我不变的

1129 00:34:14,020 --> 00:34:14,920 这样了解吗

1130 00:34:14,920 --> 00:34:15,640 这是佛陀在这个地方所说的

1131 00:34:15,640 --> 00:34:17,020

1132 00:34:17,800 --> 00:34:18,240

1133 00:34:18,240 --> 00:34:18,960 那你说

1134 00:34:18,960 --> 00:34:21,980 那一般我们讲因果业报

1135 00:34:21,980 --> 00:34:22,600

1136 00:34:23,040 --> 00:34:24,200 那谁在造业谁在受报

1137 00:34:24,200 --> 00:34:24,880

1138 00:34:26,060 --> 00:34:27,520 就胜义来讲的话

1139 00:34:27,520 --> 00:34:29,920 一切都是因缘不断的推移的

1140 00:34:29,920 --> 00:34:30,880 没有一个作者

1141 00:34:30,880 --> 00:34:31,640 没有一个受者

1142 00:34:31,640 --> 00:34:33,160 所以严格来讲

1143 00:34:33,160 --> 00:34:34,180 就是胜义谛来讲

1144 00:34:34,180 --> 00:34:35,480 没有一个我在造作

1145 00:34:35,480 --> 00:34:36,560 没有一个我在受报

1146 00:34:36,560 --> 00:34:37,800 那说那就不受报

1147 00:34:37,800 --> 00:34:38,960 没有，还是受报

1148 00:34:38,960 --> 00:34:39,220 为什么

1149 00:34:39,220 --> 00:34:42,040 因果循环的缘起

1150 00:34:42,040 --> 00:34:44,020 还是有造作有受报

1151 00:34:44,640 --> 00:34:46,360 那这个有造作有受报

1152 00:34:46,360 --> 00:34:47,920 是以缘起和合的这个 假名我

1153 00:34:47,920 --> 00:34:48,420

1154 00:34:49,120 --> 00:34:50,480

1155 00:34:51,080 --> 00:34:53,400 身心和合的假名我

1156 00:34:53,900 --> 00:34:55,000 所以就有造作

1157 00:34:55,000 --> 00:34:55,640 有受

1158 00:34:55,640 --> 00:34:56,480 有造业

1159 00:34:56,480 --> 00:34:56,860

1160 00:34:56,860 --> 00:34:58,400 缘起和合不断

1161 00:34:58,400 --> 00:34:59,700 就有因缘的和合

1162 00:34:59,700 --> 00:35:00,220 就有业报因果的成熟

1163 00:35:00,220 --> 00:35:01,560

1164 00:35:02,040 --> 00:35:02,960 所以到时候

1165 00:35:02,960 --> 00:35:04,700 就有因缘和合的

1166 00:35:04,700 --> 00:35:05,780 这个假名我在受报

1167 00:35:05,780 --> 00:35:06,640

1168 00:35:07,620 --> 00:35:09,360 这样清楚了吗

1169 00:35:09,800 --> 00:35:11,180 那这个

1170 00:35:11,180 --> 00:35:12,220 为什么佛陀回答

1171 00:35:12,220 --> 00:35:13,780 这个婆罗门是这样回答呢

1172 00:35:13,780 --> 00:35:16,200 因为如果他问自作自受

1173 00:35:16,200 --> 00:35:17,580

1174 00:35:17,580 --> 00:35:18,600 佛陀说yes

1175 00:35:19,480 --> 00:35:19,880

1176 00:35:22,260 --> 00:35:24,200 那这个婆罗门会觉得什么

1177 00:35:25,240 --> 00:35:25,880

1178 00:35:25,880 --> 00:35:27,220 婆罗门会堕常见

1179 00:35:27,220 --> 00:35:28,200

1180 00:35:28,200 --> 00:35:29,400 因为婆罗门他在讲三世轮回

1181 00:35:29,400 --> 00:35:30,580

1182 00:35:30,580 --> 00:35:32,280 但是婆罗门的三世轮回

1183 00:35:32,280 --> 00:35:33,340 跟佛陀讲的不一样

1184 00:35:33,340 --> 00:35:35,240 佛陀讲的三世轮回是什么

1185 00:35:35,240 --> 00:35:37,020 此有故彼有

1186 00:35:37,020 --> 00:35:38,180 此生故彼生

1187 00:35:38,180 --> 00:35:39,660 婆罗门讲的三世轮回

1188 00:35:39,660 --> 00:35:40,820 是有一个不变的我在三世轮回

1189 00:35:40,820 --> 00:35:42,180

1190 00:35:42,180 --> 00:35:43,720 所以 如果说他问佛陀

1191 00:35:43,720 --> 00:35:44,540

1192 00:35:44,540 --> 00:35:45,280 自作自受

1193 00:35:45,280 --> 00:35:46,380 他的内心里面在问佛的时候

1194 00:35:46,380 --> 00:35:47,740

1195 00:35:47,740 --> 00:35:49,300 已经假定有一个不变的我是作者

1196 00:35:49,780 --> 00:35:50,820

1197 00:35:50,820 --> 00:35:53,080 未来受报就是受者

1198 00:35:53,080 --> 00:35:53,820

1199 00:35:53,820 --> 00:35:55,920 就是有作者有受者

1200 00:35:55,920 --> 00:35:57,620 他已经有这个概念了

1201 00:35:57,620 --> 00:35:59,000 所以他一旦问佛的时候

1202 00:35:59,000 --> 00:36:00,020 佛陀当然知道他在想什么

1203 00:36:00,020 --> 00:36:00,880

1204 00:36:01,420 --> 00:36:02,900 所以佛陀如果跟他讲是的话

1205 00:36:02,900 --> 00:36:03,360

1206 00:36:03,360 --> 00:36:05,820 他就是常见的

1207 00:36:06,440 --> 00:36:08,520 那既然不是自作自受

1208 00:36:08,520 --> 00:36:09,880 那当然就是自作他受

1209 00:36:10,320 --> 00:36:11,500 就是这两个而已

1210 00:36:11,500 --> 00:36:12,040 不然怎样

1211 00:36:12,040 --> 00:36:13,020 佛陀当然说不可能是自作他受

1212 00:36:13,020 --> 00:36:14,500

1213 00:36:14,500 --> 00:36:15,660 那自作他受

1214 00:36:15,660 --> 00:36:16,660 那我做这个跟他做那个

1215 00:36:16,660 --> 00:36:17,580

1216 00:36:17,580 --> 00:36:19,380 根本就是完全隔绝

1217 00:36:19,380 --> 00:36:20,840 不一样的关系

1218 00:36:21,360 --> 00:36:22,900 那就是若断灭见

1219 00:36:23,460 --> 00:36:24,620 这样各位了解

1220 00:36:25,580 --> 00:36:27,840 其实佛陀讲有我、无我

1221 00:36:27,840 --> 00:36:29,240 都是有这样一个问题

1222 00:36:30,080 --> 00:36:30,960

1223 00:36:30,960 --> 00:36:33,320 是有人跑去问佛陀说

1224 00:36:33,320 --> 00:36:35,860 五蕴身心是有我、无我

1225 00:36:35,860 --> 00:36:37,380 还是非有我、非无我

1226 00:36:37,380 --> 00:36:39,080 五蕴身心是有我吗

1227 00:36:39,080 --> 00:36:39,740 佛陀说不是

1228 00:36:39,740 --> 00:36:40,340 无我吗？

1229 00:36:40,340 --> 00:36:41,040 佛陀也说不是

1230 00:36:41,760 --> 00:36:43,300 那怎么五蕴身心讲无我

1231 00:36:43,300 --> 00:36:44,660 因为这个婆罗门

1232 00:36:45,280 --> 00:36:47,120 你讲有我，他落入常见

1233 00:36:47,120 --> 00:36:48,580 你讲无我，他落入断见

1234 00:36:49,220 --> 00:36:50,500 那总之一句话就是

1235 00:36:50,500 --> 00:36:52,840 对缘起的身心和合

1236 00:36:52,840 --> 00:36:54,940 缘起的这种和合流转

1237 00:36:54,940 --> 00:36:56,520 他不知道

1238 00:36:56,520 --> 00:36:57,700 没有这个概念

1239 00:36:58,200 --> 00:36:59,180 所以阿含经

1240 00:36:59,180 --> 00:37:01,780 为什么每次讲完之后

1241 00:37:02,140 --> 00:37:03,080 他总是讲什么

1242 00:37:05,160 --> 00:37:06,080 总是讲

1243 00:37:06,080 --> 00:37:07,700 此有故彼有

1244 00:37:07,700 --> 00:37:09,080 此生故彼生

1245 00:37:09,080 --> 00:37:10,720 意思就告诉你

1246 00:37:10,720 --> 00:37:13,400 一切都是在缘起的轮回跟循环

1247 00:37:13,400 --> 00:37:15,960 和合的生灭当中前进的

1248 00:37:16,540 --> 00:37:17,860 这就是佛陀要告诉我们

1249 00:37:17,860 --> 00:37:19,900 缘起论的比较最深的意义

1250 00:37:21,140 --> 00:37:22,680 这样各位清楚吗

1251 00:37:22,680 --> 00:37:24,000 讲到这里有没有什么问题

1252 00:37:26,020 --> 00:37:29,000 既然是这样子的

1253 00:37:29,000 --> 00:37:30,560 那当然他一定是无常变化

1254 00:37:30,560 --> 00:37:31,720 一直在推移前进

1255 00:37:32,440 --> 00:37:34,640 所以这个就叫做自作自受

1256 00:37:35,460 --> 00:37:35,900 再来

1257 00:37:37,340 --> 00:37:39,160 可以吗 有问题吗

1258 00:37:39,160 --> 00:37:40,560 没有我们再来看

1259 00:37:40,560 --> 00:37:41,980 这样清楚吗

1260 00:37:42,880 --> 00:37:44,520 如果有人问你自作自受

1261 00:37:44,520 --> 00:37:45,540 还是自作他受

1262 00:37:47,520 --> 00:37:49,440 你知道怎么解释的吗

1263 00:37:51,520 --> 00:37:52,920 堕常见堕断见

1264 00:37:52,920 --> 00:37:55,460 但是，如果是讲因果业报

1265 00:37:55,460 --> 00:37:58,480 那就是一个缘起和合的假名我

1266 00:37:58,480 --> 00:38:02,200 依于因缘的和合

1267 00:38:02,200 --> 00:38:03,120 不断的循环

1268 00:38:03,120 --> 00:38:04,940 不断的推移当中

1269 00:38:04,940 --> 00:38:07,400 那就有假名的造作者

1270 00:38:07,400 --> 00:38:10,380 有因缘和合假名的受报者

1271 00:38:12,460 --> 00:38:14,320 其实你们如果读过中论

1272 00:38:14,320 --> 00:38:15,140 以后师父会教

1273 00:38:15,140 --> 00:38:18,220 中论，其实有一品就是在讲作者

1274 00:38:18,840 --> 00:38:20,760

1275 00:38:21,720 --> 00:38:22,920 还有受者

1276 00:38:24,180 --> 00:38:26,040 就是造作业力的

1277 00:38:26,660 --> 00:38:28,420 还有造作这件事情

1278 00:38:28,420 --> 00:38:30,300 还有受者这件事情

1279 00:38:30,300 --> 00:38:32,920 中论有一篇就是专门在谈这个东西

1280 00:38:32,920 --> 00:38:34,640 谈到最后因为无自性

1281 00:38:34,640 --> 00:38:37,660 所以胜义来讲没有一个作者

1282 00:38:37,660 --> 00:38:39,320 没有一个作法

1283 00:38:39,320 --> 00:38:41,700 做的这件事也没有一个受者

1284 00:38:41,700 --> 00:38:43,780 到最后他就会归纳到这样

1285 00:38:43,780 --> 00:38:46,040 但是 他要讲的

1286 00:38:46,040 --> 00:38:47,360 其实跟这个经讲的一样

1287 00:38:47,360 --> 00:38:49,600 是一个缘起和合的假名我

1288 00:38:49,600 --> 00:38:51,300 缘起和合的假名我

1289 00:38:51,300 --> 00:38:52,680 在做怎么样

1290 00:38:52,680 --> 00:38:55,700 缘起和合如幻的善恶

1291 00:38:56,180 --> 00:38:58,100 然后 缘起的假名我

1292 00:38:58,100 --> 00:39:02,020 在受什么，因缘和合循环的一个业报

1293 00:39:03,560 --> 00:39:04,400

1294 00:39:04,400 --> 00:39:05,020

1295 00:39:05,020 --> 00:39:05,860

1296 00:39:05,860 --> 00:39:06,840

1297 00:39:07,420 --> 00:39:10,020 （就这个地方说，

1298 00:39:10,020 --> 00:39:12,740 義說、 法說，離此二邊，處於中道而說法）

1299 00:39:12,740 --> 00:39:14,040

1300 00:39:14,040 --> 00:39:16,040 其实义说、法说

1301 00:39:16,040 --> 00:39:19,400 他有时候会先说法说、义说

1302 00:39:19,400 --> 00:39:20,860 他会法说义说

1303 00:39:20,860 --> 00:39:23,300 那这个地方是颠过来，义说法说

1304 00:39:23,300 --> 00:39:25,320 你现在是不知道他法说义说是什么意思

1305 00:39:25,320 --> 00:39:25,840

1306 00:39:25,840 --> 00:39:30,040 谁知道

1307 00:39:30,960 --> 00:39:33,680 这个师父在很久以前就曾经说过了

1308 00:39:33,680 --> 00:39:34,920 谁知道

1309 00:39:34,920 --> 00:39:35,960 靖虚知道吗

1310 00:39:35,960 --> 00:39:37,380 法说义说什么意思

1311 00:39:37,380 --> 00:39:38,280 靖棠知道吗

1312 00:39:38,860 --> 00:39:39,660 靖棠知道来

1313 00:39:39,660 --> 00:39:42,780 替师兄弟或同学们解说一下

1314 00:39:42,780 --> 00:39:44,800 法说、义说是什么意思

1315 00:39:44,800 --> 00:39:47,100 就是你们知道恩慢的问题

1316 00:39:47,100 --> 00:39:49,760 他说这里 义说法说，离此两边

1317 00:39:49,760 --> 00:39:52,580 他现在问，义说、法说是什么意思

1318 00:39:54,140 --> 00:39:55,200 （法说

1319 00:39:55,200 --> 00:39:57,120 法就是一个一个的名相

1320 00:39:57,120 --> 00:39:59,240 义就是这个名相所代表的

1321 00:39:59,240 --> 00:40:01,300 他的那个实际的意义

1322 00:40:01,800 --> 00:40:03,020 一个 meaning）

1323 00:40:04,100 --> 00:40:04,560

1324 00:40:05,110 --> 00:40:06,080 法是名相

1325 00:40:06,660 --> 00:40:08,560 义是指名相的内容

1326 00:40:09,280 --> 00:40:11,160 义其实就叫meaning

1327 00:40:12,200 --> 00:40:13,340 那法呢

1328 00:40:13,340 --> 00:40:14,580 可以说是term

1329 00:40:15,050 --> 00:40:15,580 terms

1330 00:40:15,580 --> 00:40:16,860 义就是meaning

1331 00:40:16,860 --> 00:40:18,280 比如说 缘起法

1332 00:40:18,280 --> 00:40:19,260

1333 00:40:19,940 --> 00:40:20,400

1334 00:40:20,920 --> 00:40:22,400 缘起法是法

1335 00:40:23,020 --> 00:40:23,940 这样了解吗

1336 00:40:23,940 --> 00:40:25,460 那缘起法的义呢

1337 00:40:25,460 --> 00:40:27,800 就是那缘起法的内容跟定义是什么呢

1338 00:40:27,800 --> 00:40:28,020

1339 00:40:28,020 --> 00:40:29,040 缘起法就是

1340 00:40:29,040 --> 00:40:30,120 此有故彼有

1341 00:40:30,120 --> 00:40:31,200 此生故彼生

1342 00:40:31,580 --> 00:40:32,020 然后

1343 00:40:32,020 --> 00:40:32,900 无明有行

1344 00:40:32,900 --> 00:40:35,440 这个就是缘起法的内容

1345 00:40:35,440 --> 00:40:36,720 这样了解吗

1346 00:40:36,720 --> 00:40:38,240 那这个状况之下就是

1347 00:40:38,800 --> 00:40:39,720 讲缘起法这三个字

1348 00:40:39,720 --> 00:40:40,800

1349 00:40:40,800 --> 00:40:41,620 一个名称这个叫做法

1350 00:40:41,620 --> 00:40:42,460

1351 00:40:43,000 --> 00:40:44,140 那义就是怎么去解释它

1352 00:40:44,140 --> 00:40:45,660

1353 00:40:45,660 --> 00:40:47,100 就是它的内容

1354 00:40:47,620 --> 00:40:49,200 那这师父以前说过

1355 00:40:49,680 --> 00:40:52,260 所以为什么叫做法说义说呢

1356 00:40:52,600 --> 00:40:52,840

1357 00:40:53,720 --> 00:40:55,620 因为在佛教里面，有一些是 法说是对的

1358 00:40:56,460 --> 00:40:57,860

1359 00:40:57,860 --> 00:40:59,740 义说是错的

1360 00:40:59,740 --> 00:41:01,760 意思就是解释错误

1361 00:41:02,600 --> 00:41:02,900

1362 00:41:03,620 --> 00:41:04,580 比如说

1363 00:41:06,260 --> 00:41:08,680 我要怎么修行才能得解脱

1364 00:41:09,380 --> 00:41:09,980

1365 00:41:10,340 --> 00:41:11,600 要修八正道

1366 00:41:13,680 --> 00:41:15,180 那这样是对吗

1367 00:41:15,180 --> 00:41:16,540 没错吧

1368 00:41:16,540 --> 00:41:18,220 那八正道是什么

1369 00:41:18,960 --> 00:41:19,560

1370 00:41:19,560 --> 00:41:20,140

1371 00:41:20,140 --> 00:41:21,100 就是正见

1372 00:41:21,100 --> 00:41:21,760 正思维

1373 00:41:21,760 --> 00:41:23,920 念的都对

1374 00:41:23,920 --> 00:41:24,960 就表示说他八正道的法说对

1375 00:41:24,960 --> 00:41:27,120

1376 00:41:27,120 --> 00:41:28,420 义说也对

1377 00:41:28,420 --> 00:41:28,980

1378 00:41:28,980 --> 00:41:29,940 那么我们进一步说

1379 00:41:29,940 --> 00:41:32,620 那正见的内容是什么

1380 00:41:32,620 --> 00:41:33,500

1381 00:41:33,500 --> 00:41:35,280 那正见就变成法了

1382 00:41:35,780 --> 00:41:37,420 那正见的内容就义了

1383 00:41:37,420 --> 00:41:37,780

1384 00:41:37,780 --> 00:41:38,300

1385 00:41:38,780 --> 00:41:39,700 正见呢

1386 00:41:39,700 --> 00:41:40,160 就是听到什么

1387 00:41:40,620 --> 00:41:41,480

1388 00:41:41,480 --> 00:41:42,440 认为是这个叫做正见

1389 00:41:42,440 --> 00:41:43,480

1390 00:41:46,780 --> 00:41:47,740 那就错误了

1391 00:41:48,520 --> 00:41:49,620 所以它变成是

1392 00:41:49,620 --> 00:41:50,980 法是对的 义是错误的

1393 00:41:51,560 --> 00:41:52,860

1394 00:41:52,860 --> 00:41:54,980 所以现在很多人是怎么样

1395 00:41:56,280 --> 00:41:57,820 讲的法是对

1396 00:41:57,820 --> 00:41:59,400 表面上是对的

1397 00:41:59,400 --> 00:42:01,920 但是他解释的内容是错的

1398 00:42:01,920 --> 00:42:02,940 很多是这个样子

1399 00:42:03,440 --> 00:42:04,120 比如说

1400 00:42:04,120 --> 00:42:05,040 胎湿卵化

1401 00:42:05,040 --> 00:42:06,420 我们说四生

1402 00:42:06,860 --> 00:42:08,600 胎生 湿生 卵生 化生

1403 00:42:09,420 --> 00:42:12,060 我们一切众生的生

1404 00:42:12,700 --> 00:42:14,160 不外乎四生

1405 00:42:14,160 --> 00:42:14,960

1406 00:42:14,960 --> 00:42:16,300 哪四生

1407 00:42:16,300 --> 00:42:17,300 胎湿卵化

1408 00:42:17,300 --> 00:42:18,180 对的

1409 00:42:18,180 --> 00:42:18,900 没错吧

1410 00:42:19,360 --> 00:42:19,800

1411 00:42:19,800 --> 00:42:20,340 胎生

1412 00:42:20,340 --> 00:42:22,860 胎生就是母胎里面生出来

1413 00:42:22,860 --> 00:42:23,740 这样讲

1414 00:42:23,740 --> 00:42:24,240 化生

1415 00:42:25,160 --> 00:42:27,000 化生就是蝴蝶变成蛹

1416 00:42:27,000 --> 00:42:28,160 然后化成蛹

1417 00:42:28,160 --> 00:42:28,640 再化成

1418 00:42:28,640 --> 00:42:29,820 不是蝴蝶变成蛹

1419 00:42:29,820 --> 00:42:30,840 就是蛹变成蝴蝶

1420 00:42:31,520 --> 00:42:32,760

1421 00:42:32,760 --> 00:42:33,280

1422 00:42:33,280 --> 00:42:35,120 那就是变化说生

1423 00:42:35,120 --> 00:42:36,800 那这样解释化生就错误了

1424 00:42:37,940 --> 00:42:38,820

1425 00:42:39,500 --> 00:42:40,540 这个叫做说法是对的

1426 00:42:40,540 --> 00:42:41,920

1427 00:42:41,920 --> 00:42:42,980 但是义是错

1428 00:42:42,980 --> 00:42:43,520

1429 00:42:43,520 --> 00:42:44,560 内容是错的

1430 00:42:44,560 --> 00:42:45,640 所以在佛教里面

1431 00:42:45,640 --> 00:42:47,200 师父在《阿含经》里面最早讲

1432 00:42:47,960 --> 00:42:49,820 佛陀说法说义都是正确的

1433 00:42:49,820 --> 00:42:52,120

1434 00:42:52,120 --> 00:42:53,880 这个叫做法说义说

1435 00:42:53,880 --> 00:42:55,260 这样了解吗

1436 00:42:55,260 --> 00:42:56,880 那么另外还有所谓的

1437 00:42:56,880 --> 00:42:57,620 法饶益

1438 00:42:57,620 --> 00:42:58,800 义饶益

1439 00:42:58,800 --> 00:43:00,320 梵行饶益

1440 00:43:01,480 --> 00:43:02,320 意思就是说

1441 00:43:02,320 --> 00:43:03,380 佛陀说法

1442 00:43:03,380 --> 00:43:04,240 法是对的

1443 00:43:04,240 --> 00:43:05,360 对你有帮助

1444 00:43:05,360 --> 00:43:06,040 义饶益

1445 00:43:06,040 --> 00:43:08,000 内容解说也是对的

1446 00:43:08,000 --> 00:43:08,900 对你有帮助

1447 00:43:08,900 --> 00:43:10,020

1448 00:43:10,020 --> 00:43:11,580 但是法跟义都对的

1449 00:43:11,580 --> 00:43:12,540 对你有帮助还不足

1450 00:43:12,540 --> 00:43:13,080

1451 00:43:13,080 --> 00:43:15,940 还要引导你去做正确的修行

1452 00:43:15,940 --> 00:43:17,100

1453 00:43:17,100 --> 00:43:17,900 这个叫做什么

1454 00:43:18,480 --> 00:43:19,380 梵行饶益

1455 00:43:21,500 --> 00:43:22,660 有时候呢

1456 00:43:22,660 --> 00:43:24,300 我看过很多是这样子

1457 00:43:24,740 --> 00:43:26,400 他讲经说法都对

1458 00:43:26,940 --> 00:43:28,780 但是他在教你修行的时候却有点奇怪

1459 00:43:28,780 --> 00:43:30,060

1460 00:43:32,660 --> 00:43:33,660 举个例子

1461 00:43:34,320 --> 00:43:35,280 他讲的都是 缘起八正道

1462 00:43:35,740 --> 00:43:36,160

1463 00:43:36,680 --> 00:43:38,180

1464 00:43:38,180 --> 00:43:39,340 四谛、十二因缘

1465 00:43:39,340 --> 00:43:40,700 他教你修的时候

1466 00:43:40,700 --> 00:43:41,520 是修火供

1467 00:43:44,680 --> 00:43:45,400 有没有这样子

1468 00:43:46,060 --> 00:43:46,760 有啊

1469 00:43:46,760 --> 00:43:47,420 那问题是

1470 00:43:47,420 --> 00:43:48,960 那我修火供跟四谛十二因缘 到底什么关系

1471 00:43:48,960 --> 00:43:49,720

1472 00:43:51,340 --> 00:43:51,940 火供在阿含经里面

1473 00:44:03,140 --> 00:44:04,360

1474 00:44:05,300 --> 00:44:06,540 这师父讲过好几次

1475 00:44:06,540 --> 00:44:07,400 这经典也都有

1476 00:44:08,560 --> 00:44:10,000 火供是婆罗门的一种宗教仪轨跟宗教仪式

1477 00:44:10,000 --> 00:44:11,620

1478 00:44:12,120 --> 00:44:13,400 那么在阿含经里面

1479 00:44:13,400 --> 00:44:16,140 佛陀是完全不认同火供

1480 00:44:17,240 --> 00:44:18,480

1481 00:44:18,480 --> 00:44:19,820 而且对他讲说火供是没有太大意义

1482 00:44:19,820 --> 00:44:21,040

1483 00:44:21,040 --> 00:44:22,420 但是师父现在要举个例子就是说

1484 00:44:22,420 --> 00:44:22,700

1485 00:44:22,700 --> 00:44:23,640 有些人讲经说法都对的

1486 00:44:23,640 --> 00:44:25,460

1487 00:44:25,460 --> 00:44:26,340 也讲得很好

1488 00:44:26,340 --> 00:44:27,320 也都是对的

1489 00:44:27,320 --> 00:44:28,760 你也挑不出他有什么问题

1490 00:44:28,760 --> 00:44:30,540 是他真正教你修行的时候

1491 00:44:30,540 --> 00:44:32,040 却跟他讲经说法的内容

1492 00:44:32,040 --> 00:44:35,300 没什么太大的相关性

1493 00:44:35,300 --> 00:44:36,380 那就是变成说讲法是对的

1494 00:44:36,380 --> 00:44:37,600

1495 00:44:37,600 --> 00:44:38,140 法饶益

1496 00:44:38,660 --> 00:44:39,820 内容也是对的

1497 00:44:39,820 --> 00:44:40,240 义饶益

1498 00:44:40,240 --> 00:44:40,780 但是呢

1499 00:44:40,780 --> 00:44:41,720 没有梵行饶益

1500 00:44:41,720 --> 00:44:43,000 没有引导到你正确应该有的修行上

1501 00:44:43,000 --> 00:44:44,160

1502 00:44:44,580 --> 00:44:45,320 所以叫做

1503 00:44:45,320 --> 00:44:46,140 法饶益

1504 00:44:46,140 --> 00:44:46,720 义饶益

1505 00:44:46,720 --> 00:44:47,860 梵行饶益

1506 00:44:47,860 --> 00:44:49,260 这个必须都是这样

1507 00:44:49,260 --> 00:44:50,860 所以师父以前在讲阿含经

1508 00:44:51,400 --> 00:44:52,560 一开始讲佛陀的教学的时候

1509 00:44:52,560 --> 00:44:54,240

1510 00:44:54,240 --> 00:44:55,300 就告诉你

1511 00:44:55,300 --> 00:44:57,020 佛陀的教学一定是

1512 00:44:57,020 --> 00:44:57,660 法饶益

1513 00:44:57,660 --> 00:44:58,540 义饶益

1514 00:44:58,540 --> 00:44:59,640 梵行饶益

1515 00:45:01,080 --> 00:45:01,880 再来

1516 00:45:07,460 --> 00:45:09,580 如果佛陀回答这个问题

1517 00:45:09,580 --> 00:45:12,120 就是从缘起来讲

1518 00:45:12,580 --> 00:45:13,620 自作自受

1519 00:45:13,620 --> 00:45:14,700 从究竟来说

1520 00:45:17,180 --> 00:45:18,800 不存在自作自受

1521 00:45:18,800 --> 00:45:20,780 这样回答行不行

1522 00:45:20,780 --> 00:45:21,940 从缘起来讲自作自受

1523 00:45:22,460 --> 00:45:23,820

1524 00:45:23,820 --> 00:45:25,840 你为了要说明清楚一点

1525 00:45:25,840 --> 00:45:28,060 应该怎么说比较好

1526 00:45:28,780 --> 00:45:30,600 缘起和合的假名

1527 00:45:31,200 --> 00:45:31,680

1528 00:45:32,300 --> 00:45:33,200 这样可以吗

1529 00:45:33,680 --> 00:45:35,080 然后自作自受

1530 00:45:35,080 --> 00:45:37,180 假名的我在自作自受

1531 00:45:37,180 --> 00:45:38,380 假名的我在受

1532 00:45:38,380 --> 00:45:40,320 这样是可以的

1533 00:45:40,320 --> 00:45:41,160

1534 00:45:41,840 --> 00:45:43,200 因为你不能说

1535 00:45:43,200 --> 00:45:44,200 缘起自作自受

1536 00:45:44,200 --> 00:45:47,180 那缘起本来就没有一个我

1537 00:45:47,960 --> 00:45:48,900

1538 00:45:48,900 --> 00:45:49,960 所以要讲清楚

1539 00:45:49,960 --> 00:45:50,960 缘起假名是我的

1540 00:45:50,960 --> 00:45:51,620

1541 00:45:52,160 --> 00:45:52,680 谢谢师父

1542 00:45:54,720 --> 00:45:56,760 你不是要跟师父探讨火供的事情

1543 00:45:59,840 --> 00:46:00,640

1544 00:46:01,300 --> 00:46:03,820 2、有我、無我

1545 00:46:05,400 --> 00:46:06,420 別譯杂阿含

1546 00:46:06,420 --> 00:46:07,840

1547 00:46:08,300 --> 00:46:11,720 【彼時犢子梵志往詣佛所，

1548 00:46:13,480 --> 00:46:14,760 問訊佛已在一面坐， 白佛言:

1549 00:46:14,760 --> 00:46:16,200

1550 00:46:17,820 --> 00:46:18,880 「瞿曇! 一切眾生，為有我不?」佛默然 不答。

1551 00:46:18,880 --> 00:46:20,220

1552 00:46:20,220 --> 00:46:21,880

1553 00:46:22,340 --> 00:46:23,340 这个不就是否

1554 00:46:23,340 --> 00:46:24,900 你们读过金刚经

1555 00:46:25,740 --> 00:46:27,940 金刚经是每个否

1556 00:46:27,940 --> 00:46:29,240 意思就是说问

1557 00:46:29,240 --> 00:46:30,960 是这样子吗

1558 00:46:31,840 --> 00:46:32,400 就是说【瞿曇! 一切眾生，為有我不（否）?

1559 00:46:32,400 --> 00:46:34,080

1560 00:46:34,080 --> 00:46:35,680

1561 00:46:35,680 --> 00:46:36,760 一切众生是不是有一个我？

1562 00:46:36,760 --> 00:46:37,520

1563 00:46:39,200 --> 00:46:40,400 佛默然不答

1564 00:46:40,960 --> 00:46:42,000 跟前面一样

1565 00:46:42,360 --> 00:46:43,120 佛不答

1566 00:46:43,640 --> 00:46:44,640 【又問:「為無我耶?」佛亦不答。】

1567 00:46:44,640 --> 00:46:46,240

1568 00:46:48,420 --> 00:46:49,960 我说是不是有我

1569 00:46:49,960 --> 00:46:50,460 你不答

1570 00:46:50,980 --> 00:46:52,040 那是不是我说错了

1571 00:46:52,040 --> 00:46:53,840 那是不是无我

1572 00:46:53,840 --> 00:46:55,120 那你总该回答了吧

1573 00:46:55,620 --> 00:46:56,420 唯无我也

1574 00:46:56,420 --> 00:46:57,080 佛亦不答

1575 00:46:57,080 --> 00:46:58,220 奇怪，怎么会这样子

1576 00:46:59,100 --> 00:47:00,160 之前跟他讲自作自受你也不答

1577 00:47:00,160 --> 00:47:01,680

1578 00:47:01,680 --> 00:47:03,320 自作他受你也不答

1579 00:47:03,320 --> 00:47:05,020 现在问你有我，你也不答

1580 00:47:05,020 --> 00:47:06,500 问无我，你也不答

1581 00:47:07,060 --> 00:47:08,080 他就这样

1582 00:47:08,080 --> 00:47:10,540 【佛亦不答。爾時犢 子作是念。

1583 00:47:10,540 --> 00:47:11,620

1584 00:47:11,620 --> 00:47:13,620 犢 子就是犢 子梵志

1585 00:47:14,420 --> 00:47:16,000 【爾時犢 子作是念。

1586 00:47:16,000 --> 00:47:18,100 我曾數問沙門瞿曇如是之義。默不見 答。

1587 00:47:18,100 --> 00:47:18,980

1588 00:47:18,980 --> 00:47:20,520

1589 00:47:20,520 --> 00:47:21,860 爾時阿難侍如來側。以扇扇佛。彼時阿難聞 其語已。

1590 00:47:22,480 --> 00:47:23,620

1591 00:47:23,620 --> 00:47:25,640

1592 00:47:25,640 --> 00:47:26,980

1593 00:47:26,980 --> 00:47:29,820

1594 00:47:29,820 --> 00:47:31,860 即白佛言:「世尊! 何故犢子所問默然不 答?」

1595 00:47:31,860 --> 00:47:33,000

1596 00:47:33,000 --> 00:47:36,360 那因为阿难在旁边

1597 00:47:36,360 --> 00:47:37,440 很多时候

1598 00:47:37,440 --> 00:47:39,820 佛陀不是一直讲无我吗

1599 00:47:39,820 --> 00:47:40,200

1600 00:47:40,200 --> 00:47:41,120 讲缘起无我

1601 00:47:41,120 --> 00:47:41,760 一直在讲

1602 00:47:42,180 --> 00:47:43,500 奇怪，现在这个人来问你是不是无我

1603 00:47:44,300 --> 00:47:46,200 你不答

1604 00:47:46,200 --> 00:47:47,220 有我，你也不答

1605 00:47:47,660 --> 00:47:49,620 那你有我不答就算了

1606 00:47:49,620 --> 00:47:51,500 无我你也不答

1607 00:47:51,500 --> 00:47:51,760

1608 00:47:51,760 --> 00:47:54,060 如果你没有听过师父讲课的话

1609 00:47:54,060 --> 00:47:55,000 你可能会觉得说

1610 00:47:55,000 --> 00:47:56,760 那到底是有我还是无我

1611 00:47:56,760 --> 00:47:59,580 以前就曾经有一个居士

1612 00:47:59,580 --> 00:48:01,300 在温哥华写一封信过来跟我说

1613 00:48:01,300 --> 00:48:02,040

1614 00:48:03,260 --> 00:48:05,000 其实阿含经里面讲的是

1615 00:48:05,000 --> 00:48:06,100 亦有我亦无我

1616 00:48:06,100 --> 00:48:08,140 非有我非无我

1617 00:48:08,140 --> 00:48:08,920 我说为什么

1618 00:48:08,920 --> 00:48:11,000 他就弄一个这个经出来给我看

1619 00:48:11,900 --> 00:48:13,480 我说因为你不了解他经的意思

1620 00:48:13,480 --> 00:48:14,880 不是这个样子

1621 00:48:15,840 --> 00:48:17,260 我们再看下去就知道

1622 00:48:18,740 --> 00:48:19,780

1623 00:48:19,780 --> 00:48:21,360 其实刚刚讲的你们应该知道

1624 00:48:21,360 --> 00:48:22,400 他是大概什么意思

1625 00:48:22,400 --> 00:48:22,840

1626 00:48:23,740 --> 00:48:24,660

1627 00:48:25,200 --> 00:48:26,680 中间当然一段

1628 00:48:26,680 --> 00:48:27,720

1629 00:48:27,720 --> 00:48:29,640 有空你们可以去看一看

1630 00:48:30,140 --> 00:48:31,480 然后佛陀就解说为什么他不回答

1631 00:48:31,480 --> 00:48:32,460

1632 00:48:32,460 --> 00:48:33,980 【「...復次阿難，若說有我，即墮常見，

1633 00:48:33,980 --> 00:48:36,000

1634 00:48:36,000 --> 00:48:36,540

1635 00:48:37,280 --> 00:48:39,120 若說無 我，即墮斷見。

1636 00:48:39,120 --> 00:48:40,320 如來說法，捨離二邊，會於中道。

1637 00:48:40,320 --> 00:48:41,860

1638 00:48:42,860 --> 00:48:45,240 以此諸法壞故不常，續故不斷，不常不斷。】

1639 00:48:45,240 --> 00:48:46,480

1640 00:48:47,080 --> 00:48:49,960 因为诸法刹那生灭

1641 00:48:49,960 --> 00:48:50,960 所以 不常

1642 00:48:50,960 --> 00:48:53,080 但是刹那生灭却因缘相续

1643 00:48:53,080 --> 00:48:54,500

1644 00:48:54,500 --> 00:48:55,640 因果相续

1645 00:48:55,640 --> 00:48:56,760 所以叫做不断

1646 00:48:56,760 --> 00:48:58,000 不常不断

1647 00:48:58,000 --> 00:48:58,940 【因是 有是，因是生故，彼則得生，

1648 00:48:58,940 --> 00:49:00,740

1649 00:49:00,740 --> 00:49:02,160 若因不生，則彼不 生。是故因於無明，則有行生...】

1650 00:49:02,160 --> 00:49:03,460

1651 00:49:03,830 --> 00:49:05,600

1652 00:49:05,600 --> 00:49:06,660 这一句话

1653 00:49:06,660 --> 00:49:07,680 因是 有是，因是生故，彼則得生，

1654 00:49:07,680 --> 00:49:09,120

1655 00:49:09,120 --> 00:49:09,700

1656 00:49:09,700 --> 00:49:10,440 这一句话

1657 00:49:11,420 --> 00:49:13,020 其实就是杂阿含经所常译的

1658 00:49:13,860 --> 00:49:15,980

1659 00:49:15,980 --> 00:49:16,940 此有故彼有

1660 00:49:16,940 --> 00:49:17,940 此生故彼生

1661 00:49:17,940 --> 00:49:20,060 但是那个是不同人译的

1662 00:49:20,060 --> 00:49:21,620 因为这个叫做别译

1663 00:49:21,620 --> 00:49:22,320 知道吗

1664 00:49:23,000 --> 00:49:24,580 我们现在汉译杂阿含经

1665 00:49:24,580 --> 00:49:25,800 有两个版本

1666 00:49:25,800 --> 00:49:27,440 一个是完全的、完整的

1667 00:49:27,440 --> 00:49:28,300

1668 00:49:28,300 --> 00:49:29,740 另外一个只有部分

1669 00:49:29,740 --> 00:49:30,600 这一部分

1670 00:49:30,600 --> 00:49:33,100 我们常常把它称为别译杂阿含

1671 00:49:33,920 --> 00:49:35,200 只有一部分而已

1672 00:49:35,200 --> 00:49:37,400 别译杂阿含因为是不同人译的

1673 00:49:37,400 --> 00:49:39,260 所以它的译法会不一样

1674 00:49:39,260 --> 00:49:40,620 所以此有故彼有

1675 00:49:40,620 --> 00:49:41,380 它在这里

1676 00:49:41,380 --> 00:49:42,500 你翻成【因是有是，因是生故

1677 00:49:42,500 --> 00:49:43,460

1678 00:49:43,460 --> 00:49:44,440

1679 00:49:46,260 --> 00:49:47,580

1680 00:49:47,580 --> 00:49:48,660 因是有是，就是此有故彼有

1681 00:49:48,660 --> 00:49:49,980

1682 00:49:49,980 --> 00:49:51,240 因是生故，就是此生故彼生

1683 00:49:51,860 --> 00:49:52,760 然后

1684 00:49:52,760 --> 00:49:55,000 【彼則得生，若因不生，則彼不 生。

1685 00:49:55,000 --> 00:49:56,120

1686 00:49:56,120 --> 00:49:56,840

1687 00:49:56,840 --> 00:49:58,360 是故因於無明，則有行生...】

1688 00:49:58,360 --> 00:49:59,560

1689 00:49:59,560 --> 00:50:00,080 有没有看到

1690 00:50:00,600 --> 00:50:02,920 这就是缘无明而有行

1691 00:50:03,580 --> 00:50:05,140 那这里就翻成因于无明

1692 00:50:05,140 --> 00:50:06,840

1693 00:50:06,840 --> 00:50:08,020 以无明为因则有行

1694 00:50:08,020 --> 00:50:08,760

1695 00:50:09,680 --> 00:50:11,600 所以这里为什么佛陀（梵志）讲有我（时）不回答

1696 00:50:11,600 --> 00:50:13,460

1697 00:50:13,460 --> 00:50:14,960 讲无我也不回答？

1698 00:50:16,140 --> 00:50:17,560 他并不是说

1699 00:50:17,560 --> 00:50:19,180 佛教里面讲什么

1700 00:50:19,180 --> 00:50:19,960 有我无我

1701 00:50:19,960 --> 00:50:20,700 亦有我亦有我

1702 00:50:20,700 --> 00:50:21,020 不是

1703 00:50:21,020 --> 00:50:23,380 其实佛教确实就是讲无我的

1704 00:50:24,120 --> 00:50:24,840

1705 00:50:25,440 --> 00:50:26,140 但是 这个婆罗门

1706 00:50:26,140 --> 00:50:26,840

1707 00:50:26,840 --> 00:50:28,040 同样跟刚才讲那个自作自作一样的

1708 00:50:28,040 --> 00:50:30,080

1709 00:50:30,080 --> 00:50:31,020 因为这婆罗门

1710 00:50:31,020 --> 00:50:32,860 一旦他问佛陀有我的时候

1711 00:50:32,860 --> 00:50:33,980

1712 00:50:33,980 --> 00:50:34,840 是不是有我

1713 00:50:34,840 --> 00:50:36,080 他已经存着一个有不变的我的观念了

1714 00:50:36,080 --> 00:50:38,080

1715 00:50:38,080 --> 00:50:39,240 这样了解吗

1716 00:50:39,820 --> 00:50:41,140 所以佛陀不回答

1717 00:50:41,720 --> 00:50:43,160 因为你说有我

1718 00:50:43,160 --> 00:50:45,140 佛陀可能是指假名我

1719 00:50:45,140 --> 00:50:46,300 但这个婆罗门一定会认定

1720 00:50:46,300 --> 00:50:47,040

1721 00:50:47,040 --> 00:50:48,380 有一个不变的我

1722 00:50:49,200 --> 00:50:50,320 所以佛陀不回答

1723 00:50:50,320 --> 00:50:51,280 因为佛陀回答有跟没有

1724 00:50:51,280 --> 00:50:52,500

1725 00:50:52,500 --> 00:50:53,960 其实这个婆罗门都没办法理解

1726 00:50:53,960 --> 00:50:54,780

1727 00:50:54,780 --> 00:50:56,080 你讲有，他落入常见

1728 00:50:56,080 --> 00:50:57,000 你讲没有，他落入断见

1729 00:50:57,000 --> 00:50:58,660

1730 00:50:58,660 --> 00:51:00,260 那为什么这个婆罗门问无我

1731 00:51:00,260 --> 00:51:01,100

1732 00:51:01,100 --> 00:51:02,360

1733 00:51:02,360 --> 00:51:04,620 那佛陀也不回答呢

1734 00:51:04,620 --> 00:51:06,920 因为他讲的无我跟佛陀讲的无我是不一样（的概念）

1735 00:51:06,920 --> 00:51:08,620

1736 00:51:09,520 --> 00:51:11,960 佛陀讲的无我是怎么样

1737 00:51:12,880 --> 00:51:13,980

1738 00:51:13,980 --> 00:51:15,060 没有一个不变的我

1739 00:51:15,060 --> 00:51:16,600 但是是有缘起

1740 00:51:16,600 --> 00:51:18,100

1741 00:51:18,500 --> 00:51:19,680 此生故彼生

1742 00:51:20,260 --> 00:51:21,220 缘起的和合的假我

1743 00:51:21,220 --> 00:51:22,380

1744 00:51:22,380 --> 00:51:23,120 这个是有的

1745 00:51:23,120 --> 00:51:24,520 但是这个婆罗门是 一旦讲无我

1746 00:51:24,520 --> 00:51:25,520

1747 00:51:25,520 --> 00:51:26,780 他会落入连缘起 因缘合而的假我

1748 00:51:26,780 --> 00:51:28,700

1749 00:51:28,700 --> 00:51:29,920

1750 00:51:29,920 --> 00:51:31,220 也不存在的断灭见

1751 00:51:31,700 --> 00:51:32,880 所以佛陀会说

1752 00:51:32,880 --> 00:51:33,940 你问我

1753 00:51:33,940 --> 00:51:34,820 我跟你讲这个

1754 00:51:34,820 --> 00:51:35,360 你指这个

1755 00:51:35,360 --> 00:51:35,960 我讲那样

1756 00:51:35,960 --> 00:51:36,520 你指那样

1757 00:51:36,520 --> 00:51:37,520 所以我跟你回答没有意义

1758 00:51:37,520 --> 00:51:39,220

1759 00:51:39,220 --> 00:51:40,480 因为你没有办法了解

1760 00:51:40,480 --> 00:51:41,580 我跟你讲这样

1761 00:51:41,580 --> 00:51:42,020 你落入

1762 00:51:42,020 --> 00:51:43,380 我跟你讲有我，你落入常见

1763 00:51:43,380 --> 00:51:44,060

1764 00:51:44,060 --> 00:51:44,800 我跟你讲无我

1765 00:51:44,800 --> 00:51:45,600 你落入断见

1766 00:51:46,200 --> 00:51:47,400 所以佛陀不回答

1767 00:51:47,400 --> 00:51:50,620 因为发现他的认识跟根基还不够

1768 00:51:50,620 --> 00:51:51,740 所以佛陀不回答

1769 00:51:51,740 --> 00:51:53,140 这样各位了解吗

1770 00:51:53,860 --> 00:51:55,600 因此读经一定要了解它的整个经义

1771 00:51:55,600 --> 00:51:56,580

1772 00:51:56,580 --> 00:51:57,980 你不能拿这个经

1773 00:51:57,980 --> 00:52:01,000 然后说佛陀有我也不对

1774 00:52:01,000 --> 00:52:01,480

1775 00:52:01,480 --> 00:52:02,440 无我也不对

1776 00:52:02,440 --> 00:52:04,340 所以佛陀的教法是有我无我

1777 00:52:04,340 --> 00:52:05,880

1778 00:52:05,880 --> 00:52:07,360 亦有我、亦无我

1779 00:52:07,360 --> 00:52:08,680 非有我、非无我

1780 00:52:08,680 --> 00:52:10,660 这样东扯西扯的

1781 00:52:12,020 --> 00:52:13,120 所以你要知道

1782 00:52:14,040 --> 00:52:15,580 有我就是指什么

1783 00:52:15,580 --> 00:52:18,740 缘起假名和合的我

1784 00:52:18,740 --> 00:52:21,440 无我就是没有一个不变的本质的我

1785 00:52:21,440 --> 00:52:22,920

1786 00:52:22,920 --> 00:52:24,040 常恒的我

1787 00:52:24,040 --> 00:52:24,900 这个叫做无我

1788 00:52:24,900 --> 00:52:27,800 要无的是这个，不变常恒本质的我

1789 00:52:27,800 --> 00:52:30,420 这是要破除的

1790 00:52:30,420 --> 00:52:32,500 但是缘起和合的假名我

1791 00:52:32,500 --> 00:52:33,780 它是存在的

1792 00:52:34,480 --> 00:52:34,760 这样子缘起有的

1793 00:52:34,760 --> 00:52:35,940

1794 00:52:35,940 --> 00:52:37,520 所以叫做此有故彼有

1795 00:52:37,520 --> 00:52:38,660 此生故彼生

1796 00:52:38,660 --> 00:52:39,600

1797 00:52:39,600 --> 00:52:40,240 知道吗

1798 00:52:40,240 --> 00:52:41,000 这样有没有什么问题

1799 00:52:42,440 --> 00:52:42,920 可以

1800 00:52:43,680 --> 00:52:44,160

1801 00:52:46,200 --> 00:52:47,080 没有问题

1802 00:52:47,080 --> 00:52:49,260 我们继续来看下一个

1803 00:52:49,260 --> 00:52:49,940

1804 00:52:49,940 --> 00:52:53,340 (五) 無常與三解脫門

1805 00:52:54,240 --> 00:52:56,260

1806 00:52:56,900 --> 00:52:59,360 有没有听过三解脱门或听过三三昧

1807 00:53:00,860 --> 00:53:02,620

1808 00:53:04,440 --> 00:53:05,440 听过吗

1809 00:53:07,400 --> 00:53:09,400 三解脱门或称三三昧

1810 00:53:09,400 --> 00:53:13,800 叫做空、无相、无愿

1811 00:53:14,400 --> 00:53:17,420 或是空、无相、无所有

1812 00:53:20,860 --> 00:53:21,900 三三昧或是叫三解脱门

1813 00:53:22,760 --> 00:53:24,160

1814 00:53:24,160 --> 00:53:24,820 叫做空

1815 00:53:26,200 --> 00:53:27,860 空解脱门或空三昧

1816 00:53:28,360 --> 00:53:29,080 无相

1817 00:53:35,380 --> 00:53:36,620 或叫做什么

1818 00:53:37,460 --> 00:53:38,340 无所有

1819 00:53:42,020 --> 00:53:43,380 空、无相、无所有

1820 00:53:46,680 --> 00:53:47,560 意思就是说

1821 00:53:47,560 --> 00:53:49,240 当你在定中作观观空

1822 00:53:49,240 --> 00:53:50,240

1823 00:53:50,240 --> 00:53:53,140 但是这个空不是大乘讲的空

1824 00:53:53,920 --> 00:53:55,180 或是观无相或是观无所有

1825 00:53:55,180 --> 00:53:56,580

1826 00:53:57,120 --> 00:53:58,960 这样子在定中做这样的观

1827 00:53:58,960 --> 00:54:00,060 就叫做三三昧

1828 00:54:00,060 --> 00:54:01,160

1829 00:54:01,820 --> 00:54:03,620 那这三三昧跟三解脱门差在哪里

1830 00:54:03,620 --> 00:54:04,380

1831 00:54:06,340 --> 00:54:07,920 三三昧跟三解脱门差在哪里

1832 00:54:07,920 --> 00:54:08,580

1833 00:54:08,580 --> 00:54:11,080 都是观空、无相、无所有

1834 00:54:11,740 --> 00:54:13,880 那三三昧跟三解脱门差在哪里

1835 00:54:13,880 --> 00:54:14,740

1836 00:54:17,240 --> 00:54:17,720 不知道

1837 00:54:18,820 --> 00:54:19,300 这样子

1838 00:54:21,160 --> 00:54:22,020 对，因跟果

1839 00:54:23,320 --> 00:54:25,100 如果你在定中作观

1840 00:54:25,800 --> 00:54:28,100 这个就叫定中作观 叫做三三昧

1841 00:54:28,100 --> 00:54:29,320

1842 00:54:30,000 --> 00:54:31,500 一旦观成了，解脱了

1843 00:54:32,080 --> 00:54:32,880

1844 00:54:32,880 --> 00:54:34,920 就叫做三解脱门

1845 00:54:34,920 --> 00:54:36,040 这样了解吗

1846 00:54:36,040 --> 00:54:37,940 所以修三三昧是因

1847 00:54:37,940 --> 00:54:40,520 如果真的断除了烦恼

1848 00:54:40,520 --> 00:54:43,100 解脱了，就叫做三解脱门

1849 00:54:43,100 --> 00:54:45,200 所以它是通往解脱之门

1850 00:54:45,200 --> 00:54:46,620 但是你现在开始修

1851 00:54:46,620 --> 00:54:48,160 还没解脱就叫做三三昧

1852 00:54:48,160 --> 00:54:49,420 观成了

1853 00:54:49,420 --> 00:54:50,360 断烦恼了

1854 00:54:50,360 --> 00:54:52,340 解脱了，就叫做三解脱门

1855 00:54:52,340 --> 00:54:53,700 这样各位清楚

1856 00:54:53,700 --> 00:54:54,680

1857 00:54:55,200 --> 00:54:57,100 那我们现在来看

1858 00:54:57,760 --> 00:54:59,140 无常跟三三昧到底有什么关系呢

1859 00:54:59,140 --> 00:55:00,820

1860 00:55:00,820 --> 00:55:01,760 我们再来看一下

1861 00:55:01,760 --> 00:55:02,860 时间是不是

1862 00:55:03,980 --> 00:55:04,840 还有几分钟

1863 00:55:05,540 --> 00:55:06,600 五分钟是不是

1864 00:55:07,040 --> 00:55:09,500 因为这个讲下去是一个段落

1865 00:55:10,900 --> 00:55:12,260

1866 00:55:12,260 --> 00:55:12,800 蛮长的

1867 00:55:14,200 --> 00:55:16,420 我们提早五分钟休息

1868 00:55:56,010 --> 00:55:57,190 我们来看一下三三昧

1869 00:55:59,690 --> 00:56:00,510

1870 00:56:02,070 --> 00:56:04,510

1871 00:56:06,050 --> 00:56:07,770 爾時，世尊告諸比丘:

1872 00:56:08,230 --> 00:56:09,710 静宽来帮师父念

1873 00:56:09,710 --> 00:56:10,870 因为你建议的

1874 00:56:13,310 --> 00:56:15,750 【爾時，世尊告諸比丘:「當說聖法印及見清淨。諦聽!善思!

1875 00:56:15,750 --> 00:56:18,510

1876 00:56:18,510 --> 00:56:20,550

1877 00:56:20,550 --> 00:56:21,950

1878 00:56:21,950 --> 00:56:24,270 若有比丘作是說:『我於空三昧未有所得，

1879 00:56:24,270 --> 00:56:25,910

1880 00:56:25,910 --> 00:56:27,290 而 起無相、無所有、離慢知見。』者，莫作是說。

1881 00:56:27,290 --> 00:56:28,590

1882 00:56:28,590 --> 00:56:29,630

1883 00:56:29,630 --> 00:56:31,450

1884 00:56:31,450 --> 00:56:33,170

1885 00:56:33,170 --> 00:56:34,490 所以者何?若於空未得者而言我得無相、

1886 00:56:34,490 --> 00:56:36,550

1887 00:56:36,550 --> 00:56:38,310

1888 00:56:38,310 --> 00:56:39,270 無所有、 離慢知見者，無有是處!

1889 00:56:39,270 --> 00:56:41,070

1890 00:56:41,070 --> 00:56:42,590

1891 00:56:43,210 --> 00:56:45,030 若有比丘作是說:『我 得空，

1892 00:56:45,030 --> 00:56:46,190

1893 00:56:46,190 --> 00:56:47,690

1894 00:56:48,030 --> 00:56:48,710 能起無相、無所有、離慢知見者。』，此 則善說。

1895 00:56:49,110 --> 00:56:50,470

1896 00:56:51,130 --> 00:56:51,850

1897 00:56:51,850 --> 00:56:52,870

1898 00:56:52,870 --> 00:56:54,070 所以者何?若得空已，能起無相、

1899 00:56:54,070 --> 00:56:55,670

1900 00:56:56,030 --> 00:56:57,170 無所 有、離慢知見者，斯有是處!

1901 00:56:57,170 --> 00:56:58,150

1902 00:56:58,150 --> 00:56:59,850

1903 00:56:59,850 --> 00:57:01,370

1904 00:57:01,370 --> 00:57:03,670 云何為聖弟子及見清淨?」】

1905 00:57:03,670 --> 00:57:05,150

1906 00:57:05,150 --> 00:57:06,050

1907 00:57:06,730 --> 00:57:09,730 它大概的意思应该看得懂吧

1908 00:57:10,370 --> 00:57:11,730

1909 00:57:12,730 --> 00:57:14,870 他说【當說聖法印及見清淨】

1910 00:57:15,650 --> 00:57:17,170

1911 00:57:17,170 --> 00:57:18,030 离我慢

1912 00:57:18,030 --> 00:57:19,110 其实离慢

1913 00:57:19,110 --> 00:57:20,550 那个慢就是我的

1914 00:57:21,150 --> 00:57:21,950 微细的我

1915 00:57:21,950 --> 00:57:23,670 就是怎么样断除我

1916 00:57:23,670 --> 00:57:25,250 然后他说这个叫做

1917 00:57:25,250 --> 00:57:26,870 聖法印及見清淨

1918 00:57:26,870 --> 00:57:27,610 他的圣法印

1919 00:57:28,110 --> 00:57:29,830 三三昧是可以配合三法印的

1920 00:57:30,330 --> 00:57:31,710

1921 00:57:32,930 --> 00:57:34,750 那这里讲空三昧

1922 00:57:35,410 --> 00:57:36,230 还有什么

1923 00:57:36,770 --> 00:57:37,850 无相三昧

1924 00:57:37,850 --> 00:57:38,970 无所有

1925 00:57:39,770 --> 00:57:41,450 那这里他讲一个东西

1926 00:57:42,010 --> 00:57:43,330 来看一下

1927 00:57:46,310 --> 00:57:49,930 你从这个字面来讲

1928 00:57:50,570 --> 00:57:52,430 就上面这一段这样子

1929 00:57:52,430 --> 00:57:53,450 从字面来讲

1930 00:57:53,450 --> 00:57:57,110 他讲这个三三昧的关系是什么样

1931 00:57:57,750 --> 00:57:59,690 渐进的关系

1932 00:57:59,690 --> 00:58:00,470 怎么样渐进

1933 00:58:00,470 --> 00:58:03,190 （就是因为起了无相）

1934 00:58:03,190 --> 00:58:03,770

1935 00:58:03,770 --> 00:58:09,520 他无，当然不是什么都没有

1936 00:58:09,520 --> 00:58:10,760 但是你讲的一个

1937 00:58:10,760 --> 00:58:11,380

1938 00:58:11,380 --> 00:58:13,300 它是一个渐进 的关系

1939 00:58:13,920 --> 00:58:15,880 那这个表面上的字义

1940 00:58:17,460 --> 00:58:18,660 表面上的确实

1941 00:58:18,660 --> 00:58:21,160 有一个渐进的次第关系

1942 00:58:21,160 --> 00:58:22,040 他说什么呢

1943 00:58:22,040 --> 00:58:22,340 他说

1944 00:58:23,400 --> 00:58:24,860 【若有比丘作是說: 】

1945 00:58:24,860 --> 00:58:26,080 如果有比丘这样讲

1946 00:58:26,080 --> 00:58:28,340 【『我於空三昧未有所得，】

1947 00:58:28,340 --> 00:58:29,260

1948 00:58:29,260 --> 00:58:31,740 就是他还没有得到空三昧

1949 00:58:31,740 --> 00:58:32,000

1950 00:58:32,000 --> 00:58:34,020 空、无愿、无所有，三三昧嘛

1951 00:58:34,020 --> 00:58:36,920 他说如果我还没有得到空三昧

1952 00:58:37,500 --> 00:58:40,240 而起無相、無所有、離慢知見 清净

1953 00:58:40,240 --> 00:58:42,140

1954 00:58:43,440 --> 00:58:45,220 意思就是说我没有空三昧

1955 00:58:45,220 --> 00:58:48,000 但是我却可以起无相、无所有三昧

1956 00:58:48,000 --> 00:58:49,440 最后得解脱

1957 00:58:49,440 --> 00:58:51,300 就得離慢知見 清净

1958 00:58:52,140 --> 00:58:54,340 者，如果有这样说的人

1959 00:58:55,940 --> 00:58:57,140 莫作是说

1960 00:58:58,900 --> 00:59:00,180 不能这样子说

1961 00:59:01,000 --> 00:59:02,820 意思就是说，你如果没有空三昧

1962 00:59:02,820 --> 00:59:05,000 你说你有无相、无所有

1963 00:59:05,000 --> 00:59:06,200 那根本不可能，

1964 00:59:06,200 --> 00:59:07,320 然后莫作是说

1965 00:59:07,840 --> 00:59:08,720 比如说

1966 00:59:09,520 --> 00:59:10,920 你没有离五欲五盖

1967 00:59:10,920 --> 00:59:12,060 跟我说你得初禅

1968 00:59:12,980 --> 00:59:15,200 莫作是说，無有是處

1969 00:59:16,240 --> 00:59:17,200

1970 00:59:17,700 --> 00:59:18,300 他说

1971 00:59:18,960 --> 00:59:19,920 【所以者何?若於空未得者而言我得無相、

1972 00:59:19,920 --> 00:59:22,020

1973 00:59:22,020 --> 00:59:23,740 無所有、 離慢知見者，無有是處!】

1974 00:59:23,740 --> 00:59:25,380

1975 00:59:25,380 --> 00:59:26,760 就是不可能的

1976 00:59:26,760 --> 00:59:29,200 但是话说回来，另外一面

1977 00:59:29,200 --> 00:59:31,140 若有比丘作是说

1978 00:59:31,140 --> 00:59:32,140 我得空

1979 00:59:32,140 --> 00:59:33,740 有没有，他已经得空三昧

1980 00:59:33,740 --> 00:59:35,080 然后 进一步

1981 00:59:35,080 --> 00:59:36,600 【能起无相、无所有

1982 00:59:36,600 --> 00:59:38,060 離慢知見者。

1983 00:59:38,060 --> 00:59:39,080 此 則善說。所以者何?

1984 00:59:39,080 --> 00:59:39,780

1985 00:59:40,280 --> 00:59:41,440

1986 00:59:41,440 --> 00:59:42,780 若得空已，能起無相、無所 有、

1987 00:59:42,780 --> 00:59:44,260

1988 00:59:44,260 --> 00:59:45,700 離慢知見者，斯有是處!】

1989 00:59:45,700 --> 00:59:46,700

1990 00:59:46,700 --> 00:59:48,460 然后接下来他是问

1991 00:59:48,460 --> 00:59:50,900【云何為聖弟子及見 清淨?」】

1992 00:59:50,900 --> 00:59:51,720 后面还有

1993 00:59:51,720 --> 00:59:53,920 所以这个地方就告诉你什么

1994 00:59:55,300 --> 00:59:57,280 空三昧 为这三三昧的先导

1995 00:59:57,280 --> 00:59:59,040

1996 00:59:59,860 --> 01:00:01,580 一定要先得空三昧