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Test:文字整理-YQ2
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1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:07,000 第十九章的第一个主题就是空以慈悲 2 00:00:09,240 --> 00:00:13,960 今天我们接着写第二个主题 3 00:00:13,960 --> 00:00:21,600 第二个主题就是从声闻到菩萨的过程 4 00:00:21,600 --> 00:00:30,120 因为这节主要是在讲菩萨的德行 5 00:00:31,360 --> 00:00:35,880 当然了,菩萨宗的德行要具足三心 6 00:00:36,450 --> 00:00:39,500 要具足身观以广行 7 00:00:40,900 --> 00:00:47,600 但是在身观广行之中要具备几个要素 8 00:00:47,600 --> 00:00:50,780 那就是空以慈悲 9 00:00:51,900 --> 00:00:56,640 其实上一次我们已经学到了空意 10 00:00:56,640 --> 00:01:02,720 从阿含一直以来就是有一个空的身意 11 00:01:04,940 --> 00:01:08,840 空的身意也是从三法印 12 00:01:10,320 --> 00:01:15,040 从涅槃印直接来庆祝空 13 00:01:15,040 --> 00:01:24,020 所以也衍生出佛陀的过去生都是多行空住 14 00:01:26,720 --> 00:01:32,740 这样空也等于无论是大乘还是小乘都是共通的教义 15 00:01:35,620 --> 00:01:45,240 大乘是直接从住法的本性来契入 16 00:01:45,240 --> 00:01:54,260 生而空意偏重于从无常来契入空意 17 00:01:55,260 --> 00:01:58,900 当然这个空是从身观 18 00:02:00,260 --> 00:02:11,600 从佛法具足的空意或常观来契入的 19 00:02:11,600 --> 00:02:17,660 所以特别声闻佛法一个是从常观 20 00:02:17,660 --> 00:02:22,320 再者是从四无量心 21 00:02:23,740 --> 00:02:27,560 四无量心它是通于大乘的 22 00:02:27,560 --> 00:02:34,240 所以菩萨的开展就是从无量三昧开展出来的 23 00:02:39,410 --> 00:02:43,430 所以上次是从身观 24 00:02:44,990 --> 00:02:50,970 这一节就从声闻到菩萨的发展过程 25 00:02:54,410 --> 00:02:57,790 上次是从空与慈悲 26 00:02:57,790 --> 00:03:03,430 空也谈到阿含之空一直到部派一直到大乘 27 00:03:04,110 --> 00:03:08,050 它也是空意的一个深化 28 00:03:09,610 --> 00:03:16,050 这一节是从声闻到菩萨这么一个发展过程 29 00:03:20,240 --> 00:03:24,300 首先谈论声闻和菩萨在佛法中的差别 30 00:03:28,380 --> 00:03:32,340 佛法从一般恋式的自私的人生 31 00:03:32,340 --> 00:03:35,440 引向出世的无我的人生 32 00:03:36,860 --> 00:03:40,760 这有不可忽略的两点 33 00:03:42,540 --> 00:03:48,200 这个就是这一节主要的一个论题 34 00:03:48,200 --> 00:03:52,220 就是从家庭而向无家 35 00:03:55,440 --> 00:03:57,320 这是第一 36 00:03:57,320 --> 00:04:05,480 第二是从自他和乐到向自心的净化 37 00:04:07,620 --> 00:04:16,300 其实从佛法引导出世到无我的人生 38 00:04:16,300 --> 00:04:18,620 它有这两点 39 00:04:18,620 --> 00:04:20,380 从家庭来说 40 00:04:20,380 --> 00:04:32,220 家庭是私欲占有的一种生活 41 00:04:34,380 --> 00:04:40,080 当然也是狭隘的一种人生观 42 00:04:40,620 --> 00:04:44,620 这一生都是在我語我所终 43 00:04:44,620 --> 00:04:46,480 在努力在拼搏 44 00:04:46,480 --> 00:04:51,020 所以相对于出家来说 45 00:04:51,820 --> 00:05:00,380 他要放舍这种私有的占有欲 46 00:05:01,540 --> 00:05:05,200 前面其实我们已经学到出家的德行 47 00:05:05,200 --> 00:05:09,840 他要放舍这些物质的占有 48 00:05:11,740 --> 00:05:13,460 放舍物质的占有 49 00:05:13,460 --> 00:05:19,720 他才能够面对一切众生了 50 00:05:21,720 --> 00:05:26,200 所以这样他就能够对物欲淡泊 51 00:05:28,600 --> 00:05:30,500 少欲知足 52 00:05:30,500 --> 00:05:34,400 才能够安平乐道 53 00:05:35,440 --> 00:05:45,140 然后才能进一步去放舍自体的这种碍拙吧 54 00:05:47,220 --> 00:05:50,760 他也是逐步逐步放舍 55 00:05:51,190 --> 00:05:52,580 然后修远离 56 00:05:59,600 --> 00:06:05,420 这样从家庭到非家住 57 00:06:07,540 --> 00:06:09,880 非家享就是无家 58 00:06:11,860 --> 00:06:14,840 没有那种私有的占有欲 59 00:06:15,740 --> 00:06:18,360 然后才能真正的自他和乐 60 00:06:19,160 --> 00:06:22,600 从自他和乐中向自性的进化 61 00:06:22,600 --> 00:06:26,340 其实这就是这一主题的一个总说 62 00:06:27,640 --> 00:06:33,500 下面就是这两个主题的一个详细的介绍 63 00:06:39,500 --> 00:06:42,120 第一从家乡部家 64 00:06:44,200 --> 00:06:47,960 声闻偏重于己立的个人自由 65 00:06:50,420 --> 00:06:55,400 所以你看出家他有个社会意义 66 00:06:55,400 --> 00:07:00,120 他还有一个自身的这种利益 67 00:07:01,500 --> 00:07:05,620 他首先是从出家的社会意义 68 00:07:05,620 --> 00:07:08,680 就是从私有占有的家庭 69 00:07:08,680 --> 00:07:12,240 或民族的社慧观系中解放出来 70 00:07:14,920 --> 00:07:18,940 这一出家从离开旧社会来说 71 00:07:19,740 --> 00:07:21,980 多少带点个人主义倾向 72 00:07:26,760 --> 00:07:31,980 这个是出家对于个人主义的一个角度来说 73 00:07:34,200 --> 00:07:39,920 旧社会那就是还是以家庭为本的一种人生的生活 74 00:07:41,100 --> 00:07:43,100 那离开这个旧社会 75 00:07:43,100 --> 00:07:48,020 他就代表了个人得解脱 76 00:07:48,020 --> 00:07:49,880 得到什么解脱呢 77 00:07:49,880 --> 00:07:53,300 得到这种私有的占有家庭的束缚 78 00:07:53,300 --> 00:07:58,100 然后他能得到自由主义的倾向 79 00:08:00,000 --> 00:08:04,780 如果说从参与新的社团来说 80 00:08:04,780 --> 00:08:09,520 这是超越家族超国界的大同主义 81 00:08:10,060 --> 00:08:13,560 这个就是真正的出家的社会意义 82 00:08:15,740 --> 00:08:17,740 前面是个人主义 83 00:08:17,740 --> 00:08:20,980 个人的这个人生的意义 84 00:08:20,980 --> 00:08:22,200 他是得到了自由 85 00:08:23,260 --> 00:08:25,320 但从社会来说呢 86 00:08:26,720 --> 00:08:28,360 这个新的社团呢 87 00:08:28,360 --> 00:08:32,920 当然了在这个僧团之中 88 00:08:32,920 --> 00:08:34,800 那是一个新的生活 89 00:08:37,320 --> 00:08:39,260 他是那种六合径的 90 00:08:41,840 --> 00:08:44,360 就是平等的和乐的 91 00:08:45,280 --> 00:08:47,400 这样呢是超越家族的 92 00:08:47,960 --> 00:08:49,140 这个家族呢 93 00:08:49,140 --> 00:08:55,680 当然都是以个体的亲属关系 94 00:08:56,700 --> 00:08:59,980 为生活的一个主要的传承 95 00:09:01,060 --> 00:09:03,980 他无论是现在的家族亲族 96 00:09:03,980 --> 00:09:08,260 还有呢这种继承的祖辈后辈 97 00:09:08,860 --> 00:09:11,720 这都属于一种家族的系统 98 00:09:12,560 --> 00:09:14,400 然后呢还要超越什么呢 99 00:09:14,400 --> 00:09:16,400 超越国界的大同主义 100 00:09:16,400 --> 00:09:17,920 超越国界呢 101 00:09:17,920 --> 00:09:23,000 就是国家民族的社慧观系 102 00:09:23,000 --> 00:09:30,880 就是因为超越国家民族呢 103 00:09:30,880 --> 00:09:33,380 其实他就代表了啥呢 104 00:09:33,380 --> 00:09:35,060 代表了因为佛教呢 105 00:09:35,060 --> 00:09:36,920 他是对一切有情 106 00:09:36,920 --> 00:09:37,300 是不是 107 00:09:38,160 --> 00:09:40,240 他对这种呢 108 00:09:40,240 --> 00:09:41,680 无论是六道 109 00:09:41,680 --> 00:09:44,580 畜生道鬼道谛狱道和天道 110 00:09:45,320 --> 00:09:50,740 他都是针对这个更广阔的空间 111 00:09:51,640 --> 00:09:57,460 来怜悯这些轮回之苦的众生 112 00:09:58,300 --> 00:09:59,420 当然了 113 00:09:59,420 --> 00:10:04,140 在我们这个现代这个社会呢 114 00:10:04,140 --> 00:10:09,820 肯定呢还是要有这种家族啊 115 00:10:10,180 --> 00:10:12,620 国族的这种意识 116 00:10:12,620 --> 00:10:14,440 因为时代不一样 117 00:10:17,180 --> 00:10:20,320 如果说从怎么说呢 118 00:10:20,320 --> 00:10:23,260 从救苦救难来说吧 119 00:10:23,260 --> 00:10:26,720 那无论是哪国家哪个民族 120 00:10:26,720 --> 00:10:28,000 只要呢 121 00:10:28,000 --> 00:10:34,940 他能够人选择人生向上的这种目标吧 122 00:10:34,940 --> 00:10:35,700 可能呢 123 00:10:35,700 --> 00:10:39,020 都是佛法的救度的对象 124 00:10:40,820 --> 00:10:41,920 这个是呢 125 00:10:41,920 --> 00:10:47,780 从这个可救度的这方面来说了 126 00:10:55,500 --> 00:10:58,620 然后说声闻的出家众呢 127 00:10:58,620 --> 00:11:02,360 虽然有和乐自由民主平等的僧团 128 00:11:05,100 --> 00:11:10,020 但现实及几十独身的生活啊 129 00:11:10,020 --> 00:11:12,720 在厌世苦行的印度思潮中 130 00:11:12,720 --> 00:11:16,260 偏重于几粒的个人自由 131 00:11:16,260 --> 00:11:17,680 就是个人的解脱 132 00:11:19,720 --> 00:11:21,380 这个声闻佛法 133 00:11:21,380 --> 00:11:25,540 当然都是以个体解脱为目标的了 134 00:11:27,420 --> 00:11:29,800 那这会儿他本身就先 135 00:11:30,900 --> 00:11:35,480 谈到声闻的和菩萨的一个区别 136 00:11:36,280 --> 00:11:37,700 他的区别呢 137 00:11:37,700 --> 00:11:39,840 就是一个是注重个人的自由 138 00:11:39,840 --> 00:11:41,080 菩萨呢 139 00:11:41,080 --> 00:11:42,360 他要呢 140 00:11:42,960 --> 00:11:43,940 超越 141 00:11:43,940 --> 00:11:46,660 加入新社团要超越家族 142 00:11:46,660 --> 00:11:50,140 这个国界民族的大同主义了 143 00:11:51,920 --> 00:11:53,280 这是下边呢 144 00:11:53,280 --> 00:11:55,120 继续要介绍的 145 00:11:55,120 --> 00:11:58,120 这个是看法是列了一个表 146 00:12:02,360 --> 00:12:03,720 那么菩萨呢 147 00:12:03,720 --> 00:12:05,060 他就不一样了 148 00:12:05,060 --> 00:12:09,300 他倾向于利他的社会的和乐善生 149 00:12:13,240 --> 00:12:15,540 所以出家的社会意义呢 150 00:12:15,540 --> 00:12:19,100 是私欲占有制的否定 151 00:12:21,720 --> 00:12:23,440 因为出了家嘛 152 00:12:24,600 --> 00:12:29,540 就是那种围绕家庭个体的物质啊 153 00:12:29,540 --> 00:12:32,620 财富的占有欲 154 00:12:32,620 --> 00:12:37,000 他就给予遣除和否定 155 00:12:37,000 --> 00:12:38,020 因为这些呢 156 00:12:38,020 --> 00:12:40,620 一个是自私的 157 00:12:40,620 --> 00:12:42,500 一个是不敬的 158 00:12:42,500 --> 00:12:44,740 一个是狭隘的 159 00:12:50,220 --> 00:12:52,640 而无我公有的新社会啊 160 00:12:52,640 --> 00:12:55,620 当时还不能为一般所了解 161 00:12:55,620 --> 00:12:58,980 只能于行于出家的僧团宗 162 00:13:00,240 --> 00:13:04,720 或戒律是仅止白衣旁听的 163 00:13:06,560 --> 00:13:10,100 所以这个无我的公有的新社会呢 164 00:13:10,540 --> 00:13:13,080 当然了从普遍意义上来说吧 165 00:13:13,420 --> 00:13:17,160 还不能被社会大众所了解 166 00:13:17,160 --> 00:13:21,380 他只能行于出家的僧团宗 167 00:13:21,380 --> 00:13:25,460 因为僧团的这些戒律规章制度呢 168 00:13:25,460 --> 00:13:30,920 还仅止在家旁听的来参与的 169 00:13:32,080 --> 00:13:32,860 其实呢 170 00:13:32,860 --> 00:13:37,180 我们在前面学到在家的德行的时候呢 171 00:13:37,180 --> 00:13:39,600 在家有特殊的信行 172 00:13:39,600 --> 00:13:40,260 是不是啊 173 00:13:40,260 --> 00:13:41,580 在家除非说 174 00:13:42,160 --> 00:13:46,380 你已经修到圣位 175 00:13:47,380 --> 00:13:49,760 能够见到法的真相 176 00:13:49,760 --> 00:13:53,780 能够断除我所见的时候呢 177 00:13:53,780 --> 00:13:59,400 他真的就能够把私有的一切的财富啊 178 00:13:59,400 --> 00:14:02,400 能够呢成为公有的 179 00:14:02,400 --> 00:14:05,000 成为无我的公有 180 00:14:05,680 --> 00:14:07,660 他可以把自己财富呢 181 00:14:07,660 --> 00:14:10,020 能够让大家来共相 182 00:14:10,020 --> 00:14:10,600 是不是啊 183 00:14:10,600 --> 00:14:11,620 我们也学到那一招 184 00:14:12,200 --> 00:14:14,060 但是他是少部分 185 00:14:14,060 --> 00:14:17,660 他是证果的在家声闻 186 00:14:18,580 --> 00:14:20,260 他能够做到这一点 187 00:14:20,260 --> 00:14:23,640 因为他已经断我我所了 188 00:14:23,640 --> 00:14:25,180 一切的财物呢 189 00:14:25,180 --> 00:14:27,420 也能够与大家共相了 190 00:14:27,420 --> 00:14:31,540 但作为在那个时代的在家一般人呢 191 00:14:31,540 --> 00:14:34,320 他就没办法了解这个事情 192 00:14:34,320 --> 00:14:35,120 是不是啊 193 00:14:35,940 --> 00:14:38,480 就像我们现在在家生活也一样 194 00:14:38,480 --> 00:14:39,640 也都是呢 195 00:14:39,640 --> 00:14:46,560 为了家庭的这种幸福生活而去努力 196 00:14:47,860 --> 00:14:49,020 还是呢 197 00:14:49,020 --> 00:14:53,800 这个建立在家庭生活这个基础之上 198 00:14:54,640 --> 00:14:56,380 因为现在就是一种 199 00:14:57,560 --> 00:15:02,460 大众所认知的 200 00:15:02,460 --> 00:15:07,740 一种社会的一种普遍价值吧 201 00:15:07,740 --> 00:15:12,220 国家也是为了建立总统的制度啊 202 00:15:12,220 --> 00:15:13,020 经济啊 203 00:15:13,020 --> 00:15:13,800 法律啊 204 00:15:13,800 --> 00:15:19,320 也都是为了保障个体生活的这种安全和平 205 00:15:27,740 --> 00:15:28,720 但是呢 206 00:15:28,720 --> 00:15:30,880 彻见佛法深意的学者啊 207 00:15:30,880 --> 00:15:35,220 不能不倾向于利他的社会和乐 208 00:15:37,340 --> 00:15:40,000 彻见佛法深意的学者啊 209 00:15:40,000 --> 00:15:40,660 这就是 210 00:15:40,660 --> 00:15:44,860 大乘佛法起源的时候 211 00:15:46,060 --> 00:15:48,040 就能够看到呢 212 00:15:48,800 --> 00:15:50,280 佛法的深意 213 00:15:50,280 --> 00:15:52,880 佛陀的本怀 214 00:15:52,880 --> 00:15:55,540 佛陀的根本的精神 215 00:15:56,820 --> 00:15:58,000 这样呢 216 00:15:58,000 --> 00:16:01,380 不能不倾向于利他的社会和乐 217 00:16:02,420 --> 00:16:03,400 为什么呢 218 00:16:03,400 --> 00:16:07,160 因为修学佛道 219 00:16:07,160 --> 00:16:08,620 佛的本怀 220 00:16:09,500 --> 00:16:13,680 就是菩萨入世立生的开展 221 00:16:15,600 --> 00:16:19,160 既是完成这出家的真义 222 00:16:20,380 --> 00:16:23,060 因为这个出家的真义啊 223 00:16:23,060 --> 00:16:26,220 其实在这个佛教史 224 00:16:26,220 --> 00:16:28,920 或者是在佛在人间里头呢 225 00:16:29,400 --> 00:16:32,040 道士讲到 226 00:16:32,040 --> 00:16:36,400 就是出家才真正的接近了人间 227 00:16:36,400 --> 00:16:41,920 就是佛陀出家的真义 228 00:16:41,920 --> 00:16:46,500 舍下这种私欲的占有 229 00:16:46,500 --> 00:16:47,580 然后呢 230 00:16:47,580 --> 00:16:49,800 来到做到这种无我 231 00:16:50,110 --> 00:16:53,580 公有的新的社会 232 00:16:53,580 --> 00:16:54,880 然后呢 233 00:16:54,880 --> 00:16:55,690 做到呢 234 00:16:56,040 --> 00:16:59,520 在家与出家的统一 235 00:17:01,220 --> 00:17:02,380 在家 236 00:17:03,100 --> 00:17:06,580 为什么是在家与出家的统一呢 237 00:17:07,780 --> 00:17:09,060 其实下边呢 238 00:17:09,060 --> 00:17:10,540 其实就在介绍 239 00:17:10,540 --> 00:17:13,820 这个在家与出家的统一是怎么回事 240 00:17:14,380 --> 00:17:15,920 其实原则上呢 241 00:17:15,920 --> 00:17:16,900 在家当然了 242 00:17:16,900 --> 00:17:23,780 是入世和合利生的和乐善生的 243 00:17:24,380 --> 00:17:25,640 出家呢 244 00:17:25,640 --> 00:17:27,960 就是净化身心的 245 00:17:27,960 --> 00:17:31,060 这个就是在家与出家的统一 246 00:17:33,160 --> 00:17:34,620 就是在家呢 247 00:17:34,620 --> 00:17:35,920 以和乐善生为主 248 00:17:35,920 --> 00:17:36,920 出家呢 249 00:17:36,920 --> 00:17:40,280 以这个自性的净化为主 250 00:17:41,220 --> 00:17:42,520 他只是侧重 251 00:17:42,520 --> 00:17:43,540 如果说呢 252 00:17:43,540 --> 00:17:45,320 从菩萨历史来说呢 253 00:17:45,320 --> 00:17:47,320 他就是能达到统一 254 00:17:47,320 --> 00:17:50,300 菩萨才能给他完整的达到统一 255 00:17:50,300 --> 00:17:51,060 是这个意思 256 00:17:52,120 --> 00:17:53,360 这就是呢 257 00:17:53,360 --> 00:17:55,520 完成出家的真义 258 00:17:55,520 --> 00:17:57,780 这就是出家的真义 259 00:17:59,080 --> 00:18:00,520 当然声闻呢 260 00:18:00,520 --> 00:18:01,540 他出家 261 00:18:01,540 --> 00:18:04,160 只是为了个人的自由 262 00:18:04,160 --> 00:18:04,520 是不是 263 00:18:05,660 --> 00:18:07,140 但是菩萨呢 264 00:18:07,140 --> 00:18:11,760 他就能够达到这种出家和在家的完整的统一 265 00:18:12,360 --> 00:18:13,220 是这个意思 266 00:18:13,220 --> 00:18:14,360 所以呢 267 00:18:14,360 --> 00:18:16,820 这个菩萨他是入世 268 00:18:17,540 --> 00:18:19,600 他不是恋世 269 00:18:20,880 --> 00:18:22,760 我们凡夫呢 270 00:18:22,760 --> 00:18:24,220 我们是恋世 271 00:18:24,220 --> 00:18:25,240 我们呢 272 00:18:25,240 --> 00:18:27,140 没办法达到出世 273 00:18:28,060 --> 00:18:29,800 但菩萨呢 274 00:18:29,800 --> 00:18:33,820 他不但这个不恋世 275 00:18:33,820 --> 00:18:35,880 他还能够入世 276 00:18:35,880 --> 00:18:38,340 这就是他能够达到呢 277 00:18:38,340 --> 00:18:40,000 一个是净化身心 278 00:18:40,000 --> 00:18:41,980 他就不再恋世 279 00:18:41,980 --> 00:18:42,300 是不是 280 00:18:42,960 --> 00:18:43,820 然后呢 281 00:18:43,820 --> 00:18:44,820 才能够呢 282 00:18:44,820 --> 00:18:45,760 入世 283 00:18:45,760 --> 00:18:47,240 来达到呢 284 00:18:47,240 --> 00:18:50,220 世间的和乐善生 285 00:18:52,540 --> 00:18:53,060 所以呢 286 00:18:53,060 --> 00:18:53,940 他能够啊 287 00:18:53,940 --> 00:18:55,120 否定私有的救赎 288 00:18:55,120 --> 00:18:56,060 会也是走向 289 00:18:57,140 --> 00:19:00,220 公共的和乐的新社会 290 00:19:01,620 --> 00:19:02,780 当然这块呢 291 00:19:02,780 --> 00:19:05,160 其实只是一个简要的一个 292 00:19:06,720 --> 00:19:08,800 一个解说吧 293 00:19:08,800 --> 00:19:11,560 因为在佛教慈祥史里头呢 294 00:19:11,560 --> 00:19:14,600 他讲的就比较详细一些 295 00:19:20,300 --> 00:19:22,700 自大和乐以自心净化 296 00:19:24,200 --> 00:19:26,920 凡夫的自大和乐基于私欲所成 297 00:19:26,920 --> 00:19:29,440 同样的一般人的自大和乐呢 298 00:19:29,440 --> 00:19:31,120 道德和正法啊 299 00:19:31,120 --> 00:19:33,060 是基于私欲的占有制 300 00:19:33,060 --> 00:19:35,980 这仅能维持不大完善的和乐 301 00:19:35,980 --> 00:19:38,140 其实前面我们也学到了 302 00:19:38,140 --> 00:19:39,600 因为呢 303 00:19:40,740 --> 00:19:43,420 我们的这种自大和乐只能呢 304 00:19:43,420 --> 00:19:46,320 或者用世间的道德意识 305 00:19:46,320 --> 00:19:48,100 或者用政策法治 306 00:19:48,100 --> 00:19:50,180 来约束我们 307 00:19:50,180 --> 00:19:50,600 是不是 308 00:19:50,600 --> 00:19:51,940 不至于呢 309 00:19:51,940 --> 00:19:53,120 超越底线 310 00:19:53,820 --> 00:19:54,480 这样呢 311 00:19:54,480 --> 00:19:55,380 才能够呢 312 00:19:55,380 --> 00:19:57,280 维持我们呢 313 00:19:57,280 --> 00:19:59,060 私有的 314 00:19:59,060 --> 00:20:00,580 家庭的 315 00:20:00,940 --> 00:20:03,340 这个家族的 316 00:20:03,340 --> 00:20:04,640 民族的 317 00:20:04,640 --> 00:20:06,800 这种生活 318 00:20:06,800 --> 00:20:07,640 这个 319 00:20:08,300 --> 00:20:10,400 经济利益私有化呢 320 00:20:10,400 --> 00:20:14,160 也是凡夫正室所必不可缺少的 321 00:20:14,160 --> 00:20:16,680 不值得资据 322 00:20:16,680 --> 00:20:18,120 虽然说呢 323 00:20:18,120 --> 00:20:19,900 世间也提倡这种道德 324 00:20:20,640 --> 00:20:21,820 但是呢 325 00:20:21,820 --> 00:20:24,780 它是不完善的一种道德 326 00:20:24,780 --> 00:20:25,360 是不是 327 00:20:25,820 --> 00:20:28,720 它还是建立在这种私有制上的 328 00:20:28,720 --> 00:20:29,600 我们前面呢 329 00:20:29,600 --> 00:20:30,360 也谈到了 330 00:20:31,440 --> 00:20:33,360 这种在家的德行 331 00:20:36,560 --> 00:20:37,180 然后呢 332 00:20:37,180 --> 00:20:38,200 又谈到声闻 333 00:20:40,600 --> 00:20:41,820 声闻呢 334 00:20:41,820 --> 00:20:43,600 发现自我私欲的 335 00:20:44,340 --> 00:20:45,640 罪恶根源 336 00:20:45,640 --> 00:20:46,640 于是呢 337 00:20:46,640 --> 00:20:49,580 从自大和乐而向自新进化的德行 338 00:20:50,400 --> 00:20:51,800 因为声闻呢 339 00:20:51,800 --> 00:20:55,800 它发现人的这种私有的占有欲 340 00:20:57,400 --> 00:20:58,500 私欲就是 341 00:20:58,500 --> 00:21:01,020 它是罪恶的根源 342 00:21:01,960 --> 00:21:04,700 这个罪恶的根源是什么呢 343 00:21:04,700 --> 00:21:06,700 其实我们前面写到这个 344 00:21:06,700 --> 00:21:07,980 三不善根 345 00:21:07,980 --> 00:21:08,340 是不是 346 00:21:08,340 --> 00:21:09,920 贪瞋痴 347 00:21:11,000 --> 00:21:12,080 这个是我们 348 00:21:13,740 --> 00:21:15,440 自我的一种私欲 349 00:21:15,440 --> 00:21:16,880 它不能够完善 350 00:21:16,880 --> 00:21:19,820 所以它是一切罪恶的根源 351 00:21:19,820 --> 00:21:23,660 因为有了这个三不善根 352 00:21:23,660 --> 00:21:25,920 即便你的德行呢 353 00:21:25,920 --> 00:21:28,760 能够感到天爆 354 00:21:28,760 --> 00:21:31,220 但是它还是离不开 355 00:21:31,220 --> 00:21:34,420 这个罪恶的根源 356 00:21:36,650 --> 00:21:37,800 因为它还是呢 357 00:21:37,800 --> 00:21:39,220 在这个我 358 00:21:39,220 --> 00:21:40,600 我所知中 359 00:21:40,600 --> 00:21:41,400 还是呢 360 00:21:41,400 --> 00:21:43,900 围绕这种私欲 361 00:21:44,510 --> 00:21:45,420 在生活 362 00:21:46,820 --> 00:21:48,680 那声闻呢 363 00:21:48,680 --> 00:21:51,260 它为什么要厌离呢 364 00:21:51,940 --> 00:21:53,920 就是厌离了这种 365 00:21:54,680 --> 00:21:56,180 自私自利 366 00:21:56,840 --> 00:21:58,120 厌离这种 367 00:21:58,800 --> 00:21:59,840 贪欲 368 00:22:00,560 --> 00:22:01,840 自我的这种 369 00:22:02,480 --> 00:22:03,400 狭隘 370 00:22:05,880 --> 00:22:06,760 然后呢 371 00:22:06,760 --> 00:22:08,660 它抛开什么自大和乐 372 00:22:08,660 --> 00:22:09,020 就是 373 00:22:10,020 --> 00:22:13,500 世间凡夫的自大和乐 374 00:22:16,320 --> 00:22:18,080 因为凡夫呢 375 00:22:18,080 --> 00:22:20,940 他有这种法治啊 376 00:22:20,940 --> 00:22:21,840 德行啊 377 00:22:21,840 --> 00:22:24,300 但是他到底是不完善的 378 00:22:24,300 --> 00:22:24,940 所以呢 379 00:22:24,940 --> 00:22:26,920 他才能够 380 00:22:26,920 --> 00:22:31,540 舍家厘清辞亲 381 00:22:32,080 --> 00:22:33,180 然后呢 382 00:22:33,180 --> 00:22:34,620 出家行道 383 00:22:34,620 --> 00:22:36,660 但这种出家呢 384 00:22:36,660 --> 00:22:41,960 它是倾向于个体的自由主义 385 00:22:41,960 --> 00:22:42,280 是不是 386 00:22:42,280 --> 00:22:43,280 自由化 387 00:22:45,420 --> 00:22:49,380 那他出家的目的也只是为了个体的解脱 388 00:22:51,200 --> 00:22:51,720 所以呢 389 00:22:51,720 --> 00:22:53,900 这里就谈到一个在家的 390 00:22:53,900 --> 00:22:54,580 他呢 391 00:22:54,580 --> 00:22:56,080 也是有自大和乐的 392 00:22:56,080 --> 00:22:56,740 但是呢 393 00:22:56,740 --> 00:22:59,040 是基于私欲所成的 394 00:22:59,040 --> 00:23:00,700 那么声闻呢 395 00:23:00,700 --> 00:23:04,060 他看透了这种私欲的根源 396 00:23:04,060 --> 00:23:05,180 罪恶的根源 397 00:23:05,180 --> 00:23:05,560 所以呢 398 00:23:05,560 --> 00:23:10,140 他又从在家的凡夫的自大和乐呢 399 00:23:10,140 --> 00:23:12,380 出家来进一步的净化 400 00:23:12,380 --> 00:23:13,420 身心 401 00:23:19,150 --> 00:23:20,050 菩萨呢 402 00:23:20,050 --> 00:23:23,270 统一了自心净化与自大和乐 403 00:23:24,690 --> 00:23:25,170 所以 404 00:23:25,790 --> 00:23:27,230 然而净化自心 405 00:23:27,230 --> 00:23:28,690 不单是为了 406 00:23:29,370 --> 00:23:31,150 自己的净化 407 00:23:32,410 --> 00:23:36,270 因为这才能从礼遇无职的合理行为中呢 408 00:23:36,270 --> 00:23:39,550 促进完成更合理的和乐善生 409 00:23:41,310 --> 00:23:42,190 其实呢 410 00:23:42,190 --> 00:23:43,070 这个就是 411 00:23:44,130 --> 00:23:45,230 菩萨啊 412 00:23:45,230 --> 00:23:50,670 他不但是能达到自心的净化 413 00:23:51,210 --> 00:23:54,670 因为菩萨他也要净化自身 414 00:23:54,670 --> 00:23:57,090 要离开私欲 415 00:23:57,090 --> 00:23:57,410 是不是 416 00:23:58,230 --> 00:23:59,170 离开 417 00:23:59,170 --> 00:24:00,350 我执 418 00:24:00,350 --> 00:24:01,230 我见 419 00:24:02,350 --> 00:24:06,570 所以他不但为了达到自身的净化 420 00:24:08,050 --> 00:24:09,070 正因为呢 421 00:24:09,070 --> 00:24:13,350 能够从礼遇无职的合理中 422 00:24:13,350 --> 00:24:15,930 因为礼遇无职 423 00:24:15,930 --> 00:24:17,310 其实呢 424 00:24:17,310 --> 00:24:21,850 前面我们学到这个种种的三昧之中呢 425 00:24:21,850 --> 00:24:24,530 其实那种无量三昧 426 00:24:24,530 --> 00:24:25,830 慈悲惜舍 427 00:24:25,830 --> 00:24:29,530 其实就能够达到这种无原词 428 00:24:31,150 --> 00:24:31,750 所以呢 429 00:24:32,070 --> 00:24:37,830 他对这种贪欲世间肯定是礼遇无职的 430 00:24:38,590 --> 00:24:39,430 然后呢 431 00:24:39,430 --> 00:24:41,290 还有合理的行为 432 00:24:41,290 --> 00:24:42,630 合理的行为呢 433 00:24:42,630 --> 00:24:44,510 那就是八成到了 434 00:24:45,470 --> 00:24:46,390 戒行 435 00:24:46,390 --> 00:24:47,730 符合中道行 436 00:24:47,730 --> 00:24:48,850 符合善行 437 00:24:48,850 --> 00:24:49,270 是不是 438 00:24:51,370 --> 00:24:52,850 既既然呢 439 00:24:52,850 --> 00:24:57,830 就离开物欲的世间杂染的欲 440 00:24:58,890 --> 00:24:59,910 然后呢 441 00:24:59,910 --> 00:25:03,850 不执取世间一切这个杂染法 442 00:25:03,850 --> 00:25:08,410 当然还要有这种合理的善行 443 00:25:09,510 --> 00:25:11,390 这种行为肯定呢 444 00:25:11,390 --> 00:25:14,510 他都是相与善的 445 00:25:15,150 --> 00:25:16,690 那等于说呢 446 00:25:16,690 --> 00:25:18,230 合理的行为呢 447 00:25:18,230 --> 00:25:19,870 他也需要一种 448 00:25:20,390 --> 00:25:21,270 什么呢 449 00:25:21,910 --> 00:25:22,770 就是正 450 00:25:23,610 --> 00:25:24,550 正行 451 00:25:26,730 --> 00:25:28,190 菩萨的正行呢 452 00:25:28,190 --> 00:25:29,250 就是六度 453 00:25:29,250 --> 00:25:29,650 是不是 454 00:25:32,110 --> 00:25:34,810 也不是说礼遇无职 455 00:25:34,810 --> 00:25:35,430 然后呢 456 00:25:35,430 --> 00:25:37,550 就什么也不做了 457 00:25:38,230 --> 00:25:39,930 其实什么也不做了呢 458 00:25:39,930 --> 00:25:42,070 那就是升稳称的 459 00:25:42,070 --> 00:25:43,370 升稳称呢 460 00:25:43,760 --> 00:25:44,490 那就是 461 00:25:45,550 --> 00:25:48,510 消集谛不害他 462 00:25:48,510 --> 00:25:49,770 不作恶 463 00:25:50,670 --> 00:25:51,890 但是菩萨呢 464 00:25:51,890 --> 00:25:54,970 他不但消集谛不害他 465 00:25:54,970 --> 00:25:55,650 不作恶 466 00:25:55,650 --> 00:25:58,650 他还要更积集谛去利他 467 00:25:58,650 --> 00:25:59,790 和乐善生 468 00:25:59,790 --> 00:26:00,410 所以呢 469 00:26:01,270 --> 00:26:02,890 这种合理的行为 470 00:26:02,890 --> 00:26:05,530 就是菩萨积极入世 471 00:26:05,530 --> 00:26:07,150 利他的一种行为了 472 00:26:08,010 --> 00:26:08,730 然后呢 473 00:26:08,730 --> 00:26:12,110 促进完成更合理的和乐善生 474 00:26:13,310 --> 00:26:14,630 更合理的 475 00:26:14,630 --> 00:26:15,690 那当然了 476 00:26:15,690 --> 00:26:18,450 他不但说净化自己 477 00:26:19,030 --> 00:26:22,250 还要净化众生 478 00:26:22,990 --> 00:26:24,850 进一步净化国土了 479 00:26:25,830 --> 00:26:26,590 这样呢 480 00:26:26,590 --> 00:26:32,590 菩萨又从自心净化而回复到自他和乐 481 00:26:34,290 --> 00:26:35,830 那升稳呢 482 00:26:36,530 --> 00:26:38,690 他只有自心净化 483 00:26:38,690 --> 00:26:40,070 他没有呢 484 00:26:40,630 --> 00:26:42,210 又回复到 485 00:26:42,950 --> 00:26:44,310 入到世间 486 00:26:44,830 --> 00:26:48,030 做自他和乐的工作了 487 00:26:48,030 --> 00:26:48,430 是不是 488 00:26:49,610 --> 00:26:51,030 但菩萨呢 489 00:26:51,890 --> 00:26:53,390 他和升稳一样 490 00:26:53,390 --> 00:26:54,730 他首先呢 491 00:26:54,730 --> 00:26:57,030 也要离开杂染的 492 00:26:57,030 --> 00:26:58,410 不完善的 493 00:26:58,410 --> 00:27:01,010 这种自他和乐 494 00:27:01,610 --> 00:27:02,730 然后呢 495 00:27:02,730 --> 00:27:03,390 自己呢 496 00:27:03,390 --> 00:27:07,730 去提升自己的这种净化的身心 497 00:27:07,730 --> 00:27:08,870 道德的品质 498 00:27:08,870 --> 00:27:11,410 然后又回过头来 499 00:27:11,410 --> 00:27:14,050 又回到社会上来 500 00:27:14,050 --> 00:27:15,950 就像我们现在说呢 501 00:27:15,950 --> 00:27:17,370 你学业完成 502 00:27:17,370 --> 00:27:19,470 又回到社会 503 00:27:19,470 --> 00:27:21,090 去为这个社会 504 00:27:21,090 --> 00:27:22,290 为这个国家呢 505 00:27:22,290 --> 00:27:26,890 去做出一份的奉献和回报 506 00:27:28,330 --> 00:27:30,490 又回馈给社会 507 00:27:30,490 --> 00:27:33,190 把你学到的一切的本领 508 00:27:34,410 --> 00:27:35,350 然后呢 509 00:27:35,350 --> 00:27:37,070 又去回馈社会 510 00:27:37,070 --> 00:27:39,570 利基这个社会 511 00:27:42,240 --> 00:27:47,070 所以说从自他和乐中来净化自己 512 00:27:48,280 --> 00:27:49,150 这就是说 513 00:27:49,150 --> 00:27:50,270 菩萨呢 514 00:27:50,270 --> 00:27:51,750 他要在 515 00:27:53,590 --> 00:27:55,810 在利他之中 516 00:27:56,360 --> 00:27:58,010 来完善自己 517 00:28:00,490 --> 00:28:01,170 所以菩萨呢 518 00:28:01,170 --> 00:28:05,110 他无论是这种智慧的累积 519 00:28:05,110 --> 00:28:08,550 和这种善法功德的累积 520 00:28:08,550 --> 00:28:10,530 他都需要呢 521 00:28:10,530 --> 00:28:12,630 从大众之中呢 522 00:28:12,630 --> 00:28:13,570 去长养 523 00:28:13,570 --> 00:28:15,330 去增上的 524 00:28:16,250 --> 00:28:17,770 绝对不是呢 525 00:28:17,770 --> 00:28:19,790 躲在深山里头呢 526 00:28:19,790 --> 00:28:21,750 独自一个人清静 527 00:28:22,370 --> 00:28:23,510 当然菩萨呢 528 00:28:24,010 --> 00:28:27,870 他肯定他需要达到一定的 529 00:28:27,870 --> 00:28:30,290 礼义无职的合理行为 530 00:28:31,030 --> 00:28:34,690 他这样在加入到回馈社会的时候呢 531 00:28:34,690 --> 00:28:36,590 可能就不容易啊 532 00:28:36,590 --> 00:28:37,690 被 533 00:28:38,670 --> 00:28:41,510 被社会给影响 534 00:28:41,510 --> 00:28:44,510 被这个众生给渡走啊 535 00:28:45,130 --> 00:28:48,170 要不然自己没有净化 536 00:28:48,870 --> 00:28:50,850 不但没渡了众生 537 00:28:50,850 --> 00:28:52,890 还被众生给渡了 538 00:28:53,550 --> 00:28:55,990 这就是德不藏私了 539 00:28:55,990 --> 00:28:58,730 所以菩萨他一定要自己站稳脚跟 540 00:28:59,710 --> 00:29:01,130 他才能够呢 541 00:29:01,730 --> 00:29:02,990 回到社会 542 00:29:02,990 --> 00:29:04,190 然后呢 543 00:29:04,690 --> 00:29:07,310 又去利己社会 544 00:29:07,930 --> 00:29:09,770 利己大众 545 00:29:10,950 --> 00:29:12,150 就像什么呢 546 00:29:12,150 --> 00:29:14,150 就像有的一些 547 00:29:14,150 --> 00:29:15,050 有了 548 00:29:15,050 --> 00:29:17,330 学术了文凭啊 549 00:29:17,330 --> 00:29:19,650 有一定的这个能力 550 00:29:19,650 --> 00:29:20,490 知识 551 00:29:21,270 --> 00:29:22,930 回到社会呢 552 00:29:22,930 --> 00:29:24,230 他也是 553 00:29:24,230 --> 00:29:27,270 不但说没有这种 554 00:29:27,270 --> 00:29:31,170 回馈社会的一种发心 555 00:29:31,170 --> 00:29:32,010 反而呢 556 00:29:32,010 --> 00:29:33,410 想从社会呢 557 00:29:33,410 --> 00:29:35,950 获得更多的利益 558 00:29:35,950 --> 00:29:39,750 完全是以自己的这种能力呢 559 00:29:39,750 --> 00:29:43,390 来这个赚取个人的财富 560 00:29:43,390 --> 00:29:46,850 虽然说他的技术也能为社会贡献一些 561 00:29:46,850 --> 00:29:47,530 但是呢 562 00:29:48,190 --> 00:29:49,350 他以此呢 563 00:29:49,350 --> 00:29:52,490 换取更多的个人的资产 564 00:29:52,490 --> 00:29:53,950 个人的资本 565 00:29:53,950 --> 00:29:55,770 甚至是无限的扩张 566 00:29:55,770 --> 00:30:01,370 不但说给社会大众没有带来更多的利益 567 00:30:01,370 --> 00:30:02,070 反而呢 568 00:30:02,070 --> 00:30:04,770 带来更多的危害 569 00:30:06,550 --> 00:30:07,150 所以呢 570 00:30:07,150 --> 00:30:08,570 这样来说呢 571 00:30:08,570 --> 00:30:09,810 也有这样的人 572 00:30:10,530 --> 00:30:12,070 但是菩萨呢 573 00:30:12,070 --> 00:30:13,110 可能呢 574 00:30:13,110 --> 00:30:15,810 他要具备这种慈悲心 575 00:30:15,810 --> 00:30:18,590 是一种无我的一种公有志 576 00:30:18,590 --> 00:30:21,370 他才能够舍下一切 577 00:30:21,370 --> 00:30:25,190 为自私欲的战友 578 00:30:25,190 --> 00:30:26,070 然后呢 579 00:30:26,070 --> 00:30:31,490 是全新全意的为人民服务了 580 00:30:36,840 --> 00:30:39,700 所以说他从自他和乐中净化自身 581 00:30:39,700 --> 00:30:43,480 又从净化身心之中呢 582 00:30:43,480 --> 00:30:45,580 去增进自他和乐 583 00:30:46,280 --> 00:30:47,740 因为菩萨呢 584 00:30:47,740 --> 00:30:51,320 他从这个累积福报之后 585 00:30:51,320 --> 00:30:53,760 获得一个智慧资粮 586 00:30:53,760 --> 00:30:55,780 有了智慧资料呢 587 00:30:55,780 --> 00:30:57,720 他更有能力呢 588 00:30:57,720 --> 00:30:59,840 去沿途殊胜了 589 00:30:59,840 --> 00:31:01,600 是不是从空出家 590 00:31:03,260 --> 00:31:04,440 从根本志 591 00:31:05,920 --> 00:31:08,300 就是生出方便志 592 00:31:10,280 --> 00:31:12,240 来实现国土庄严 593 00:31:12,740 --> 00:31:17,320 这既是净化自心与和乐人群的统一 594 00:31:18,300 --> 00:31:23,520 这是净化自心和合乐善心的一种统一 595 00:31:24,180 --> 00:31:25,920 那么只有菩萨呢 596 00:31:25,920 --> 00:31:28,720 他能够做到这一点 597 00:31:30,080 --> 00:31:31,580 在家人呢 598 00:31:31,580 --> 00:31:33,720 他身心不能自化 599 00:31:34,360 --> 00:31:36,680 身心不能清净 600 00:31:37,300 --> 00:31:38,760 虽然有和乐善生呢 601 00:31:38,760 --> 00:31:39,960 但是不完善 602 00:31:40,520 --> 00:31:42,360 出家中呢 603 00:31:42,360 --> 00:31:45,400 他只是为了自心的净化 604 00:31:45,400 --> 00:31:48,860 没办法达到这种和乐善生的 605 00:31:49,500 --> 00:31:51,060 所以只有菩萨呢 606 00:31:52,040 --> 00:31:54,320 他才能释出释功德 607 00:31:54,320 --> 00:31:55,320 稀有菩萨有 608 00:31:55,320 --> 00:31:57,620 才能把这个两者统一起来 609 00:31:58,280 --> 00:32:01,760 所以菩萨的特点是透出一般人生 610 00:32:01,760 --> 00:32:04,620 而回复于新的人生 611 00:32:05,520 --> 00:32:08,140 他能够透出 612 00:32:08,140 --> 00:32:09,200 透出呢 613 00:32:09,200 --> 00:32:10,340 能够超越 614 00:32:11,020 --> 00:32:13,080 菩萨本身也是凡夫 615 00:32:13,080 --> 00:32:15,340 开始修行的 616 00:32:15,340 --> 00:32:18,120 但是他能够超越我们凡夫 617 00:32:18,120 --> 00:32:20,000 超越凡夫呢 618 00:32:20,000 --> 00:32:22,580 又回到世俗之间 619 00:32:22,580 --> 00:32:24,220 然后呢 620 00:32:24,220 --> 00:32:26,300 又重新 621 00:32:26,940 --> 00:32:28,980 一种新的生活 622 00:32:28,980 --> 00:32:31,360 新的生命 623 00:32:37,180 --> 00:32:38,400 前面呢 624 00:32:38,400 --> 00:32:39,740 就是讲到了 625 00:32:39,740 --> 00:32:44,460 声闻和菩萨的一种区别 626 00:32:46,180 --> 00:32:47,680 然后下面呢 627 00:32:47,680 --> 00:32:50,320 讲菩萨行的开展 628 00:32:52,800 --> 00:32:54,860 菩萨行的开展呢 629 00:32:54,860 --> 00:32:57,160 他还是有两方面的 630 00:32:58,760 --> 00:33:00,540 还是谈到两方面 631 00:33:01,640 --> 00:33:02,800 前面呢 632 00:33:02,800 --> 00:33:04,160 谈到两方面 633 00:33:04,160 --> 00:33:08,080 一个是在家的和乐善生 634 00:33:08,080 --> 00:33:13,960 一个是出家的自净化 635 00:33:13,960 --> 00:33:15,080 自新的净化 636 00:33:15,870 --> 00:33:16,920 那这里呢 637 00:33:16,920 --> 00:33:20,880 是谈到菩萨行的开展 638 00:33:23,000 --> 00:33:25,120 所以菩萨行的开展 639 00:33:25,120 --> 00:33:28,220 和这个从声闻到菩萨 640 00:33:28,220 --> 00:33:31,000 就是出家 641 00:33:33,900 --> 00:33:37,060 出家的个人的主义和 642 00:33:37,060 --> 00:33:39,480 这个社会的意义 643 00:33:39,480 --> 00:33:40,880 他从这两方面来谈 644 00:33:40,880 --> 00:33:41,860 最后呢 645 00:33:41,860 --> 00:33:44,440 是从菩萨行 646 00:33:44,440 --> 00:33:46,360 菩萨行呢 647 00:33:46,360 --> 00:33:47,240 他从两方面 648 00:33:47,240 --> 00:33:50,880 一个也是从出家中发展起来的 649 00:33:50,880 --> 00:33:51,500 第二呢 650 00:33:51,500 --> 00:33:54,440 也是从在家发展起来的 651 00:33:54,440 --> 00:33:56,940 这个是从这两点来谈 652 00:34:01,620 --> 00:34:03,160 起初呢 653 00:34:03,160 --> 00:34:05,980 菩萨是外现声闻身 654 00:34:05,980 --> 00:34:08,040 内密菩萨行 655 00:34:09,440 --> 00:34:11,740 这时候的菩萨呢 656 00:34:11,740 --> 00:34:13,880 他自己还是呢 657 00:34:13,880 --> 00:34:15,940 起实的生活 658 00:34:15,940 --> 00:34:17,480 淡泊 659 00:34:17,480 --> 00:34:19,260 物欲淡泊的生活 660 00:34:21,120 --> 00:34:23,880 这种去寂的生活 661 00:34:25,320 --> 00:34:26,800 去寂当然呢 662 00:34:26,800 --> 00:34:28,080 是一种远离的 663 00:34:28,080 --> 00:34:29,180 像神明一样 664 00:34:29,180 --> 00:34:29,500 是不是 665 00:34:30,480 --> 00:34:34,620 不去入世的 666 00:34:36,660 --> 00:34:38,020 但是呢 667 00:34:38,020 --> 00:34:40,360 他教人学菩萨 668 00:34:41,180 --> 00:34:45,020 如大品经说的转教 669 00:34:46,040 --> 00:34:47,100 这个转教呢 670 00:34:47,100 --> 00:34:47,980 下面注解 671 00:34:47,980 --> 00:34:49,020 就是呢 672 00:34:50,280 --> 00:34:52,420 那个时候呢 673 00:34:53,360 --> 00:34:57,480 佛教导声闻称呢 674 00:34:57,480 --> 00:35:00,080 去讲般若般若密 675 00:35:00,080 --> 00:35:02,360 般若般若密就是般若经 676 00:35:02,360 --> 00:35:04,280 般若经是大乘的 677 00:35:05,340 --> 00:35:06,700 然后呢 678 00:35:06,700 --> 00:35:08,680 他教这些声闻呢 679 00:35:08,680 --> 00:35:12,120 去给人讲这个 680 00:35:13,420 --> 00:35:15,020 菩萨的经典 681 00:35:15,020 --> 00:35:16,280 就是般若经 682 00:35:18,180 --> 00:35:19,140 但是呢 683 00:35:19,140 --> 00:35:21,440 因为从佛教史上来说呢 684 00:35:21,440 --> 00:35:22,660 从声闻 685 00:35:22,660 --> 00:35:25,820 能够发展成菩萨的时候呢 686 00:35:25,820 --> 00:35:27,620 菩萨最早 687 00:35:27,620 --> 00:35:29,580 佛陀在世的时候呢 688 00:35:29,580 --> 00:35:30,600 那就是 689 00:35:32,420 --> 00:35:35,520 菩萨的解脱同归 690 00:35:35,520 --> 00:35:37,100 然后呢 691 00:35:37,100 --> 00:35:38,140 菩萨像 692 00:35:38,140 --> 00:35:41,400 这个声闻像菩萨发展的时候呢 693 00:35:41,400 --> 00:35:43,280 那是菩萨倾向 694 00:35:43,280 --> 00:35:46,280 和声闻分流的时代 695 00:35:47,020 --> 00:35:47,740 就是呢 696 00:35:47,740 --> 00:35:50,080 声闻像菩萨发展 697 00:35:50,080 --> 00:35:51,480 那个时候 698 00:35:51,480 --> 00:35:52,120 那就是 699 00:35:53,320 --> 00:35:54,880 内密菩萨行 700 00:35:54,880 --> 00:35:56,840 开始去为人讲 701 00:35:56,840 --> 00:35:59,040 般若经的时代了 702 00:36:01,000 --> 00:36:02,280 然后呢 703 00:36:02,280 --> 00:36:03,980 到后来呢 704 00:36:03,980 --> 00:36:04,300 就是 705 00:36:05,440 --> 00:36:07,420 自觉应回小向大 706 00:36:07,420 --> 00:36:08,600 以利学菩萨 707 00:36:08,600 --> 00:36:11,460 这个就是法华经那个时代了 708 00:36:12,800 --> 00:36:13,740 后来呢 709 00:36:13,740 --> 00:36:14,900 自认声闻型的 710 00:36:14,900 --> 00:36:16,420 不彻底以利学菩萨 711 00:36:16,420 --> 00:36:18,840 这如法华经的回小向大 712 00:36:18,840 --> 00:36:20,340 这个时代呢 713 00:36:20,340 --> 00:36:20,600 就是 714 00:36:22,440 --> 00:36:24,220 菩萨为本 715 00:36:24,220 --> 00:36:27,940 大小共间唱了 716 00:36:29,380 --> 00:36:30,980 大小间唱那个时代 717 00:36:30,980 --> 00:36:32,700 就是法华经那个时代 718 00:36:32,700 --> 00:36:33,360 就是 719 00:36:33,360 --> 00:36:35,340 以菩萨为主了 720 00:36:35,340 --> 00:36:38,680 那时候不是以声闻解脱为主了 721 00:36:38,680 --> 00:36:40,180 以菩萨为主了 722 00:36:40,180 --> 00:36:41,520 但这个时代呢 723 00:36:41,520 --> 00:36:43,280 是大小间唱的 724 00:36:45,080 --> 00:36:46,220 所以这时候呢 725 00:36:46,220 --> 00:36:48,380 就是以利学菩萨 726 00:36:48,380 --> 00:36:48,960 然后呢 727 00:36:48,960 --> 00:36:50,180 回小向大 728 00:36:51,520 --> 00:36:53,380 那时候也不完全呢 729 00:36:53,380 --> 00:36:55,080 否定这个声闻 730 00:36:56,220 --> 00:36:58,020 因为法华经那个时代 731 00:36:58,020 --> 00:37:01,560 它就解决这个大小对立的那个时代 732 00:37:02,020 --> 00:37:02,460 所以呢 733 00:37:02,460 --> 00:37:04,420 它要大小间唱 734 00:37:05,680 --> 00:37:06,420 然后呢 735 00:37:06,420 --> 00:37:08,240 导向一佛乘 736 00:37:14,140 --> 00:37:15,700 小吉儿 737 00:37:16,260 --> 00:37:17,560 现出家样的菩萨 738 00:37:17,560 --> 00:37:18,420 为建筑大城 739 00:37:18,420 --> 00:37:19,660 是菩萨道的旁流 740 00:37:21,020 --> 00:37:22,980 就是讲出家相的菩萨 741 00:37:22,980 --> 00:37:24,520 出家相的菩萨呢 742 00:37:24,520 --> 00:37:26,360 那就是我们在 743 00:37:26,880 --> 00:37:27,840 解脱之道 744 00:37:27,840 --> 00:37:29,660 三乘功法章的时候呢 745 00:37:30,220 --> 00:37:31,900 这个三乘 746 00:37:31,900 --> 00:37:34,020 三乘有声闻 747 00:37:34,020 --> 00:37:35,120 缘觉菩萨 748 00:37:35,120 --> 00:37:36,140 所以呢 749 00:37:37,160 --> 00:37:38,760 正化以声闻 750 00:37:38,760 --> 00:37:39,560 声闻 751 00:37:39,560 --> 00:37:42,420 这个菩萨呢 752 00:37:42,420 --> 00:37:44,400 它属于旁化的 753 00:37:45,580 --> 00:37:47,580 在声闻的时候呢 754 00:37:48,580 --> 00:37:50,240 菩萨属于旁化 755 00:37:50,900 --> 00:37:51,440 旁流 756 00:37:52,220 --> 00:37:53,060 但是呢 757 00:37:53,060 --> 00:37:56,040 在大乘菩萨为主的时候呢 758 00:37:57,660 --> 00:37:59,760 现出家相的菩萨 759 00:37:59,760 --> 00:38:00,620 多少呢 760 00:38:00,620 --> 00:38:03,040 还保留声闻的气息 761 00:38:03,040 --> 00:38:03,660 气概 762 00:38:03,660 --> 00:38:05,360 这称为呢 763 00:38:05,360 --> 00:38:06,940 建筑大乘的菩萨 764 00:38:07,680 --> 00:38:09,980 在菩萨道的开展中呢 765 00:38:09,980 --> 00:38:11,300 不过是旁流 766 00:38:12,100 --> 00:38:15,400 就是在以菩萨为主流的时候呢 767 00:38:15,400 --> 00:38:16,720 声闻呢 768 00:38:16,720 --> 00:38:18,600 反而变成了旁流 769 00:38:18,600 --> 00:38:19,760 但是呢 770 00:38:21,060 --> 00:38:24,020 在以声闻为主 771 00:38:26,220 --> 00:38:29,220 这个解脱同归这个时代的时候呢 772 00:38:29,220 --> 00:38:30,740 菩萨反而是旁流 773 00:38:30,740 --> 00:38:33,800 所以它这个时代的转变 774 00:38:34,580 --> 00:38:36,720 这个佛法的一个主流呢 775 00:38:36,720 --> 00:38:38,000 也转变了 776 00:38:41,550 --> 00:38:42,830 下边还有介绍 777 00:38:42,830 --> 00:38:43,530 因为这是 778 00:38:44,350 --> 00:38:44,830 这个 779 00:38:46,030 --> 00:38:47,110 出家的菩萨 780 00:38:47,110 --> 00:38:48,430 三乘共法嘛 781 00:38:53,030 --> 00:38:56,510 第二个是从在家信众发展起来的 782 00:38:58,790 --> 00:39:01,970 因为声闻在家中间发展起来 783 00:39:03,590 --> 00:39:05,470 在家的也叫声闻 784 00:39:10,290 --> 00:39:13,910 在家菩萨的行法为大乘的主要内容 785 00:39:13,910 --> 00:39:15,790 遁入大乘是菩萨的主流 786 00:39:15,790 --> 00:39:20,530 所以在家众修行无法而外呢 787 00:39:20,530 --> 00:39:22,850 多修六念而余四无量 788 00:39:26,350 --> 00:39:27,350 四无量呢 789 00:39:27,350 --> 00:39:28,410 就是无量三昧 790 00:39:28,410 --> 00:39:29,450 能入真 791 00:39:29,450 --> 00:39:31,230 也是指多长者说的 792 00:39:32,770 --> 00:39:33,530 这个呢 793 00:39:33,530 --> 00:39:34,330 在前面 794 00:39:34,330 --> 00:39:37,870 这个在家众的德行呢 795 00:39:37,870 --> 00:39:39,150 已经学到了 796 00:39:39,150 --> 00:39:40,210 菩萨呢 797 00:39:40,210 --> 00:39:41,630 要记住无法 798 00:39:41,630 --> 00:39:42,630 是不是啊 799 00:39:42,630 --> 00:39:45,450 信金识闻慧 800 00:39:47,490 --> 00:39:48,990 这个无法而外 801 00:39:48,990 --> 00:39:51,930 哪要修六念法门 802 00:39:52,910 --> 00:39:53,770 这个呢 803 00:39:53,770 --> 00:39:54,590 都是呢 804 00:39:55,390 --> 00:39:56,530 为了 805 00:39:57,330 --> 00:40:00,390 对治那种心性怯弱的人 806 00:40:01,070 --> 00:40:02,130 或者是呢 807 00:40:02,130 --> 00:40:03,270 见不到佛的 808 00:40:03,270 --> 00:40:04,430 或者是呢 809 00:40:04,430 --> 00:40:06,610 这个不敢走业路的 810 00:40:07,970 --> 00:40:08,690 然后呢 811 00:40:08,690 --> 00:40:12,410 用修六念法门来增长这种 812 00:40:13,890 --> 00:40:14,670 正信 813 00:40:15,490 --> 00:40:19,470 这都是大乘法的重要内容 814 00:40:19,470 --> 00:40:21,750 这个无法嘛 815 00:40:21,750 --> 00:40:23,370 在大乘法里头呢 816 00:40:23,370 --> 00:40:25,830 就是解深密经里头那个无法 817 00:40:25,830 --> 00:40:29,250 是不是啊 818 00:40:33,210 --> 00:40:34,870 如裴莫及啊 819 00:40:34,870 --> 00:40:35,630 善才啊 820 00:40:35,630 --> 00:40:36,510 常缇啊 821 00:40:36,510 --> 00:40:38,310 贤户等十六大士 822 00:40:38,310 --> 00:40:40,190 都是从在家的立场 823 00:40:40,190 --> 00:40:43,470 努力于大乘思想的教化 824 00:40:43,470 --> 00:40:46,170 这成为顿入大乘的菩萨 825 00:40:46,170 --> 00:40:48,690 是菩萨道的主流了 826 00:40:54,340 --> 00:40:56,000 顿入大乘的菩萨 827 00:40:56,000 --> 00:40:57,640 什么是顿入的呢 828 00:40:58,320 --> 00:41:00,420 这下边还有介绍嘛 829 00:41:02,600 --> 00:41:05,140 所以说在家的菩萨僧 830 00:41:05,140 --> 00:41:09,680 从悲志心中大乘情志的统一 831 00:41:11,320 --> 00:41:13,720 新社会的净土宗有菩萨僧 832 00:41:13,720 --> 00:41:16,500 大多是没有出家声闻僧的 833 00:41:18,580 --> 00:41:20,320 就是菩萨僧嘛 834 00:41:20,320 --> 00:41:22,980 就是在家的菩萨 835 00:41:22,980 --> 00:41:23,820 也称为僧 836 00:41:25,160 --> 00:41:28,160 他是没有出家声闻僧的 837 00:41:29,300 --> 00:41:31,800 因为你看在大乘的净土宗 838 00:41:31,800 --> 00:41:33,320 他就没有这个 839 00:41:35,140 --> 00:41:36,080 阿罗汉的圣者 840 00:41:36,080 --> 00:41:37,220 就是声闻的圣者 841 00:41:37,220 --> 00:41:39,680 他都是菩萨的圣者 842 00:41:39,680 --> 00:41:41,220 所以称为菩萨僧 843 00:41:42,140 --> 00:41:43,020 然后呢 844 00:41:43,020 --> 00:41:44,380 天王佛成佛 845 00:41:45,500 --> 00:41:48,240 也是不限出家相的 846 00:41:49,160 --> 00:41:50,720 这个下边注解呢 847 00:41:50,720 --> 00:41:52,220 天王佛就是那个 848 00:41:57,030 --> 00:41:59,430 自在王菩萨经里面 849 00:41:59,430 --> 00:42:02,010 天王佛即助菩萨不浊加沙 850 00:42:02,830 --> 00:42:06,030 洁浊自生妙境天一 851 00:42:06,030 --> 00:42:07,890 也无极惑 852 00:42:09,990 --> 00:42:14,230 他这个菩萨呢 853 00:42:14,230 --> 00:42:18,010 他这个天王佛呢 854 00:42:18,610 --> 00:42:22,130 他是天上的菩萨和佛 855 00:42:24,170 --> 00:42:25,530 天上成的 856 00:42:25,530 --> 00:42:26,610 所以呢 857 00:42:26,610 --> 00:42:29,850 他是自生的净妙天一 858 00:42:35,210 --> 00:42:37,530 出家的成佛就是释迦佛 859 00:42:38,290 --> 00:42:39,650 在家的成佛呢 860 00:42:39,650 --> 00:42:42,670 就是大智度论所说的天王佛 861 00:42:46,180 --> 00:42:48,240 故不需波及加沙 862 00:42:48,800 --> 00:42:50,060 则调达成佛 863 00:42:50,060 --> 00:42:51,640 好天王佛事也 864 00:42:52,860 --> 00:42:53,680 这个呢 865 00:42:53,680 --> 00:42:56,620 在下边导师介绍的 866 00:42:56,620 --> 00:42:58,460 比较详细一点 867 00:42:59,560 --> 00:43:02,300 在那个附录一里面 868 00:43:04,600 --> 00:43:07,540 所以说佛的真身是现在家相的 869 00:43:07,540 --> 00:43:08,980 如为某洁精 870 00:43:08,980 --> 00:43:11,520 是有妻子常乐泛横 871 00:43:11,520 --> 00:43:15,060 常提东方求法 872 00:43:15,060 --> 00:43:16,780 也与女人通车 873 00:43:16,780 --> 00:43:18,740 这是从悲志相中呢 874 00:43:18,740 --> 00:43:20,600 做到了情欲与礼欲的 875 00:43:20,600 --> 00:43:22,320 情志的统一 876 00:43:23,580 --> 00:43:24,480 这个呢 877 00:43:24,480 --> 00:43:27,800 导师在永光集里头 878 00:43:27,800 --> 00:43:30,960 也是那个导师著作 879 00:43:32,200 --> 00:43:33,260 摩西首罗天 880 00:43:33,260 --> 00:43:34,900 就是印度教的大自在天 881 00:43:34,900 --> 00:43:37,280 与佛教的色究竟天相当 882 00:43:37,720 --> 00:43:39,280 我们学到色究竟天 883 00:43:39,280 --> 00:43:41,680 就是色界的最高那层天 884 00:43:43,280 --> 00:43:44,340 《十地品》中 885 00:43:44,340 --> 00:43:47,160 《十地品》就是《花园经》的《十地品》中说呢 886 00:43:47,160 --> 00:43:48,180 多作 887 00:43:50,380 --> 00:43:53,000 多作那就是多作摩西首罗天 888 00:43:54,780 --> 00:43:55,560 然后呢 889 00:43:55,560 --> 00:43:57,740 到楞洁精里头呢 890 00:43:57,740 --> 00:44:00,180 就说色界究竟天 891 00:44:00,180 --> 00:44:01,560 屡得不敌了 892 00:44:01,560 --> 00:44:04,260 就是到楞洁精的时候呢 893 00:44:04,260 --> 00:44:06,420 佛就到天上成佛了 894 00:44:08,680 --> 00:44:10,320 这也是大乘佛法 895 00:44:10,320 --> 00:44:11,460 由人而天 896 00:44:13,520 --> 00:44:14,620 由人嘛 897 00:44:14,620 --> 00:44:16,660 发展到天 898 00:44:16,660 --> 00:44:19,060 天也是再加相的 899 00:44:19,060 --> 00:44:19,960 演化历程 900 00:44:19,960 --> 00:44:22,720 天上成佛的是真身 901 00:44:22,720 --> 00:44:24,740 释迦佛是化身 902 00:44:24,740 --> 00:44:28,160 成为大乘佛教的共性 903 00:44:29,280 --> 00:44:30,520 所以中国佛教呢 904 00:44:30,520 --> 00:44:31,980 都是天上成佛的 905 00:44:31,980 --> 00:44:34,540 就是清净法身 906 00:44:34,540 --> 00:44:35,980 譬如这纳佛呀 907 00:44:35,980 --> 00:44:38,040 圆满报身如索纳佛呀 908 00:44:38,040 --> 00:44:41,120 千百亿化身释迦牟尼佛 909 00:44:41,660 --> 00:44:43,160 就是从这来的 910 00:44:48,200 --> 00:44:50,360 当然这个在佛教史里头呢 911 00:44:50,360 --> 00:44:52,640 讲得很详细 912 00:44:52,640 --> 00:44:54,240 等于说很细致 913 00:44:54,240 --> 00:44:57,300 要是没点耐心呢 914 00:44:57,300 --> 00:44:58,660 真的还看不下去呢 915 00:45:02,300 --> 00:45:03,620 下边呢是 916 00:45:04,840 --> 00:45:05,500 附录 917 00:45:06,340 --> 00:45:08,080 附录呢就讲到这种 918 00:45:08,080 --> 00:45:11,840 顿入的菩萨和渐入的菩萨 919 00:45:11,840 --> 00:45:12,740 旁流 920 00:45:12,740 --> 00:45:16,260 就是旁流和主流的思想 921 00:45:17,100 --> 00:45:19,500 由于大乘经不同的两大类型 922 00:45:19,500 --> 00:45:23,620 所以我提出了旁流与主流的看法 923 00:45:23,620 --> 00:45:25,080 这个导师呢 924 00:45:25,080 --> 00:45:28,780 在永光集里头呢 925 00:45:28,780 --> 00:45:30,520 他是回答 926 00:45:31,540 --> 00:45:36,900 那个温经科教授的一个文章 927 00:45:38,600 --> 00:45:41,280 教授呢他提出了质疑 928 00:45:41,280 --> 00:45:43,180 说导师呢 929 00:45:44,140 --> 00:45:46,340 说大乘的起源呢 930 00:45:46,340 --> 00:45:47,720 有的地方说是 931 00:45:47,720 --> 00:45:49,440 以在家为主 932 00:45:49,440 --> 00:45:52,120 有的地方又说以出家为主 933 00:45:52,700 --> 00:45:54,680 这样呢他就提出了问题 934 00:45:54,680 --> 00:45:57,520 导师呢就针对这两个问题 935 00:45:57,520 --> 00:45:58,360 回答他 936 00:45:58,360 --> 00:46:00,280 这是一个旁流和主流 937 00:46:02,020 --> 00:46:06,440 所以导师他提出旁流与主流的看法 938 00:46:06,440 --> 00:46:08,520 旁流呢是什么呢 939 00:46:08,520 --> 00:46:11,180 旁流就是在大乘经中呢 940 00:46:11,180 --> 00:46:12,660 声闻的出家众 941 00:46:12,660 --> 00:46:14,680 处于旁听的地位 942 00:46:15,360 --> 00:46:18,720 也有着佛说大乘法的 943 00:46:18,720 --> 00:46:20,540 就是那个大秉经里头呢 944 00:46:20,540 --> 00:46:22,480 佛让声闻呢 945 00:46:22,480 --> 00:46:25,880 为他们说摩诃般若波的秘经 946 00:46:25,880 --> 00:46:29,060 就是让他祝佛说法的 947 00:46:29,060 --> 00:46:32,280 或受到菩萨们的激责 948 00:46:32,280 --> 00:46:36,000 最后呢声闻众呢回入大乘菩萨道 949 00:46:37,720 --> 00:46:40,700 那这个回入菩萨道 950 00:46:40,700 --> 00:46:41,660 那就是旁流 951 00:46:44,080 --> 00:46:46,580 这是从声闻呢回小向大的 952 00:46:46,580 --> 00:46:47,460 就是旁流 953 00:46:49,220 --> 00:46:51,340 那声闻众在大乘法中呢 954 00:46:51,340 --> 00:46:52,180 就是旁流了 955 00:46:52,180 --> 00:46:54,160 是不是我们前面也谈到 956 00:46:54,160 --> 00:46:56,800 主流呢是直入大乘的 957 00:46:58,080 --> 00:47:00,880 直入呢我们在大乘布谷法章 958 00:47:00,880 --> 00:47:02,200 其实也学到了 959 00:47:02,200 --> 00:47:05,420 菩萨道呢有直入的回入的 960 00:47:06,580 --> 00:47:07,880 直入的呢 961 00:47:08,720 --> 00:47:10,720 他才是大乘的主流 962 00:47:11,700 --> 00:47:14,900 有的大乘经呢没有声闻出家众参与 963 00:47:14,900 --> 00:47:18,260 为什么称为旁流与主流呢 964 00:47:19,460 --> 00:47:20,720 因为大乘是 965 00:47:22,540 --> 00:47:24,900 以修菩萨行成佛道的 966 00:47:24,900 --> 00:47:26,860 崇高立下为目的 967 00:47:26,860 --> 00:47:29,880 所以呢在大乘法中开展中 968 00:47:29,880 --> 00:47:32,860 直入大乘的取得了主流的地位 969 00:47:35,940 --> 00:47:36,880 换言之呢 970 00:47:36,880 --> 00:47:38,980 大乘出行是离不开声闻众的 971 00:47:38,980 --> 00:47:40,700 所以这个大乘出行 972 00:47:40,700 --> 00:47:45,680 他也离不开出家声闻众的 973 00:47:48,320 --> 00:47:49,860 所以大乘四亚洪传 974 00:47:49,860 --> 00:47:51,820 对传统佛教的声闻层 975 00:47:51,820 --> 00:47:56,940 做出容赦或批评的不同适应 976 00:47:58,960 --> 00:48:00,440 因为在传统佛教 977 00:48:00,440 --> 00:48:02,200 就是八道宗派里头 978 00:48:02,200 --> 00:48:03,760 或者宗我判教里头 979 00:48:04,520 --> 00:48:06,580 对声闻层呢 980 00:48:06,580 --> 00:48:09,160 他有的是做出容赦 981 00:48:09,860 --> 00:48:11,560 或者这种批判 982 00:48:13,240 --> 00:48:14,820 有这种不同的适应 983 00:48:14,820 --> 00:48:17,320 等到大乘的法门大起 984 00:48:17,320 --> 00:48:20,040 那就直说佛果与菩萨行了 985 00:48:21,520 --> 00:48:23,320 这是后期佛教的 986 00:48:24,400 --> 00:48:26,620 因为在头几期呢 987 00:48:26,620 --> 00:48:30,840 都是以声闻为主的时候呢 988 00:48:30,840 --> 00:48:35,280 是解脱同证了 989 00:48:36,320 --> 00:48:39,200 然后到菩萨的时候呢 990 00:48:39,200 --> 00:48:41,300 那就是大小间唱 991 00:48:41,300 --> 00:48:44,720 那等菩萨再往后的时候呢 992 00:48:44,720 --> 00:48:48,240 就是以佛果为主要了 993 00:48:48,240 --> 00:48:53,320 就是一道倾向于以佛为主的时候呢 994 00:48:53,320 --> 00:48:55,780 那就是天佛一主的时代了 995 00:48:56,980 --> 00:48:58,440 所以那时候呢 996 00:48:58,440 --> 00:49:01,160 那就是大乘的法门大起 997 00:49:01,160 --> 00:49:04,000 那就直说佛果与菩萨行了 998 00:49:04,000 --> 00:49:05,500 就是直接呢 999 00:49:05,500 --> 00:49:10,760 从佛的果地上去修行 1000 00:49:10,760 --> 00:49:12,120 去去入了 1001 00:49:13,960 --> 00:49:14,780 然后呢 1002 00:49:14,780 --> 00:49:15,860 他有的呢 1003 00:49:15,860 --> 00:49:17,620 容赦了菩萨行 1004 00:49:18,540 --> 00:49:19,660 维摩集啊 1005 00:49:19,660 --> 00:49:20,320 善财啊 1006 00:49:20,320 --> 00:49:22,000 常提在家相的文书 1007 00:49:22,000 --> 00:49:23,500 表彰了人间菩萨 1008 00:49:23,500 --> 00:49:25,280 也是天的形象 1009 00:49:25,740 --> 00:49:26,500 这个呢 1010 00:49:26,500 --> 00:49:28,980 倒是在佛教史里头啊 1011 00:49:28,980 --> 00:49:31,860 或者在大乘佛教前一开展里头呢 1012 00:49:31,860 --> 00:49:35,180 讲了很多这样的 1013 00:49:35,180 --> 00:49:40,180 就是佛为什么后来变成在天成佛 1014 00:49:41,300 --> 00:49:42,500 这些文书 1015 00:49:42,500 --> 00:49:45,860 普贤为什么与大梵天和 1016 00:49:45,860 --> 00:49:50,640 这个第十天相合 1017 00:49:51,180 --> 00:49:53,040 还有这个舍利弗 1018 00:49:53,040 --> 00:49:53,720 穆金莲 1019 00:49:53,720 --> 00:49:57,740 为什么又是舍利文书和普贤的 1020 00:49:57,740 --> 00:50:02,420 这种德行的画线呢 1021 00:50:03,480 --> 00:50:07,660 反正是就是倒是都是引经据典啊 1022 00:50:07,660 --> 00:50:09,780 这块只是简要的说 1023 00:50:11,800 --> 00:50:12,680 对菩萨 1024 00:50:12,680 --> 00:50:16,120 从声闻到菩萨是一个简要的过程 1025 00:50:22,260 --> 00:50:23,300 所以这个表呢 1026 00:50:23,300 --> 00:50:23,920 你还也是 1027 00:50:24,500 --> 00:50:25,280 渐入呢 1028 00:50:25,280 --> 00:50:27,080 是回入大乘菩萨是旁流 1029 00:50:27,080 --> 00:50:28,060 顿入呢 1030 00:50:28,060 --> 00:50:30,980 是植入的大乘的菩萨是主流 1031 00:50:32,840 --> 00:50:34,120 然后特色呢 1032 00:50:34,120 --> 00:50:37,260 那就是情欲与礼乐的统一 1033 00:50:38,220 --> 00:50:40,100 自利与利他的统一 1034 00:50:42,460 --> 00:50:44,480 无论是出家或在家菩萨 1035 00:50:44,480 --> 00:50:48,360 应着重于利他从完成自利的精神 1036 00:50:49,680 --> 00:50:51,680 所以声闻的出家者呢 1037 00:50:51,680 --> 00:50:52,580 少事少业 1038 00:50:52,580 --> 00:50:54,100 多少起之为法的生活 1039 00:50:54,100 --> 00:50:58,200 何法净化人类的崇高的教化 1040 00:50:59,040 --> 00:51:00,080 度此呢 1041 00:51:00,080 --> 00:51:01,460 淡泊艰苦的生活 1042 00:51:01,460 --> 00:51:04,200 不是付社会的债 1043 00:51:04,200 --> 00:51:07,800 是能报施主的恩的 1044 00:51:08,600 --> 00:51:09,520 换言之 1045 00:51:09,520 --> 00:51:11,160 真能修菩萨行 1046 00:51:11,160 --> 00:51:12,020 专心于法 1047 00:51:12,020 --> 00:51:14,800 那过那独身生活 1048 00:51:14,800 --> 00:51:15,500 教化生活 1049 00:51:15,500 --> 00:51:17,640 当然是可以的 1050 00:51:18,900 --> 00:51:19,860 其实呢 1051 00:51:19,860 --> 00:51:23,140 这种菩萨修行菩萨的一个过程吧 1052 00:51:23,140 --> 00:51:25,620 就是行菩萨的过程呢 1053 00:51:26,160 --> 00:51:27,220 其实呢 1054 00:51:27,220 --> 00:51:30,040 在这种充实自身的时候 1055 00:51:30,040 --> 00:51:36,400 其实也是要去过着这种淡泊啊 1056 00:51:36,400 --> 00:51:40,580 这种独身的这种生活的 1057 00:51:41,180 --> 00:51:41,700 所以呢 1058 00:51:43,040 --> 00:51:44,720 淡泊艰苦的生活 1059 00:51:46,720 --> 00:51:48,300 不是付社会的债 1060 00:51:48,300 --> 00:51:50,140 是能报施主恩的 1061 00:51:51,340 --> 00:51:53,640 为什么不是付社会的债呢 1062 00:51:53,640 --> 00:51:55,980 因为在传统说 1063 00:51:57,720 --> 00:52:00,380 那个施主一粒米 1064 00:52:01,720 --> 00:52:02,760 怎么说的了 1065 00:52:02,760 --> 00:52:03,920 下面是什么呢 1066 00:52:03,920 --> 00:52:05,720 大如徐弥珊 1067 00:52:06,340 --> 00:52:07,720 今生不了道 1068 00:52:08,640 --> 00:52:10,360 披毛戴角还了 1069 00:52:11,700 --> 00:52:13,020 因为这样的时候呢 1070 00:52:13,020 --> 00:52:15,360 她有一种负债的心理 1071 00:52:15,360 --> 00:52:16,760 然后呢 1072 00:52:16,760 --> 00:52:18,460 她就精勤地用功 1073 00:52:18,460 --> 00:52:21,320 争取今生赶紧了脱生死 1074 00:52:21,320 --> 00:52:24,180 因为今生不了脱生死啊 1075 00:52:24,180 --> 00:52:25,980 如上考匹啊 1076 00:52:27,600 --> 00:52:28,120 所以呢 1077 00:52:28,120 --> 00:52:29,980 这种艰苦的生活啊 1078 00:52:29,980 --> 00:52:32,860 它不是付这个信众的债 1079 00:52:32,860 --> 00:52:35,660 而是能报施主的恩 1080 00:52:36,240 --> 00:52:37,120 这样呢 1081 00:52:37,120 --> 00:52:39,140 她才能够修菩萨行 1082 00:52:39,140 --> 00:52:40,840 算心为法 1083 00:52:45,470 --> 00:52:46,970 这是当然了 1084 00:52:46,970 --> 00:52:47,790 这种 1085 00:52:50,050 --> 00:52:51,910 出家的在家的 1086 00:52:51,910 --> 00:52:53,770 出家如果有这种 1087 00:52:53,770 --> 00:52:56,030 力士的心呢 1088 00:52:56,030 --> 00:52:58,930 其实过着这种清静的 1089 00:52:58,930 --> 00:53:00,110 清苦的生活呢 1090 00:53:00,110 --> 00:53:02,110 也是可以的 1091 00:53:02,110 --> 00:53:02,770 然而呢 1092 00:53:02,770 --> 00:53:04,550 菩萨行的真精神是利他 1093 00:53:04,550 --> 00:53:06,190 要从自他和乐他 1094 00:53:06,190 --> 00:53:08,830 悲行中去净化自心的 1095 00:53:08,830 --> 00:53:10,170 这不能算说 1096 00:53:10,170 --> 00:53:11,550 教义徒 1097 00:53:12,170 --> 00:53:14,530 这不能专一说教义徒 1098 00:53:14,530 --> 00:53:17,210 应参与社会一切的正常生活 1099 00:53:17,210 --> 00:53:20,910 做广做利益有情的事业 1100 00:53:22,030 --> 00:53:23,310 那接着说呢 1101 00:53:23,310 --> 00:53:24,830 菩萨也不能说 1102 00:53:24,830 --> 00:53:28,410 单单地只是在讲经说法 1103 00:53:28,410 --> 00:53:29,230 还要呢 1104 00:53:29,230 --> 00:53:34,030 做一些利益有情的事业 1105 00:53:34,030 --> 00:53:34,690 接着说呢 1106 00:53:34,690 --> 00:53:37,350 要参与到社会的 1107 00:53:37,350 --> 00:53:40,250 一切的事业之中 1108 00:53:42,230 --> 00:53:43,570 当然这是菩萨 1109 00:53:43,570 --> 00:53:46,490 他充实到一定程度的时候呢 1110 00:53:46,490 --> 00:53:47,610 有一定的资量 1111 00:53:47,610 --> 00:53:48,310 是不是啊 1112 00:53:48,310 --> 00:53:48,870 等于说 1113 00:53:48,870 --> 00:53:51,230 不一定说自己非得解脱 1114 00:53:51,230 --> 00:53:53,010 最起码说呢 1115 00:53:53,010 --> 00:53:53,490 这种 1116 00:53:55,390 --> 00:53:56,330 政治界 1117 00:53:56,330 --> 00:53:58,550 有一定的建立 1118 00:53:59,010 --> 00:54:00,130 然后呢 1119 00:54:00,130 --> 00:54:02,070 在大众之中呢 1120 00:54:02,070 --> 00:54:03,970 不容易这个 1121 00:54:03,970 --> 00:54:04,410 这个 1122 00:54:06,610 --> 00:54:08,930 被世俗所影响吧 1123 00:54:09,970 --> 00:54:12,750 能够站稳自己脚跟 1124 00:54:12,750 --> 00:54:13,630 然后呢 1125 00:54:13,630 --> 00:54:14,750 再去利益 1126 00:54:14,750 --> 00:54:16,550 在社会各自中去历练 1127 00:54:18,550 --> 00:54:19,250 这样呢 1128 00:54:19,250 --> 00:54:21,210 才能够增上 1129 00:54:36,010 --> 00:54:38,150 建善知的不同事业 1130 00:54:39,570 --> 00:54:40,710 善财嘛 1131 00:54:40,710 --> 00:54:41,950 善财呢 1132 00:54:41,950 --> 00:54:43,410 他在文书 1133 00:54:44,130 --> 00:54:45,990 这个座下呢 1134 00:54:45,990 --> 00:54:49,590 已经掌握了很多的这个 1135 00:54:49,590 --> 00:54:50,970 善法功德 1136 00:54:50,970 --> 00:54:52,750 因为善财呢 1137 00:54:52,750 --> 00:54:54,230 他的名称呢 1138 00:54:54,230 --> 00:54:54,490 就是 1139 00:54:54,970 --> 00:54:57,630 他要累积更多的 1140 00:54:57,630 --> 00:55:00,450 善法功德法财 1141 00:55:01,830 --> 00:55:02,750 所以呢他要 1142 00:55:02,750 --> 00:55:05,590 累积更多的这个善法 1143 00:55:05,590 --> 00:55:08,790 去参访各种的善知识了 1144 00:55:08,790 --> 00:55:10,370 他善知识有 1145 00:55:10,950 --> 00:55:11,770 国王 1146 00:55:11,770 --> 00:55:12,370 法官 1147 00:55:12,370 --> 00:55:12,930 大城 1148 00:55:12,930 --> 00:55:14,190 航海者 1149 00:55:14,190 --> 00:55:15,050 语言学者 1150 00:55:15,050 --> 00:55:15,910 教育家 1151 00:55:15,910 --> 00:55:16,750 数学家 1152 00:55:16,750 --> 00:55:17,490 工程师 1153 00:55:17,490 --> 00:55:18,070 商人 1154 00:55:18,070 --> 00:55:18,710 医师 1155 00:55:18,710 --> 00:55:19,950 艺术家 1156 00:55:19,950 --> 00:55:20,810 宗教师等 1157 00:55:21,370 --> 00:55:23,970 你看这个菩萨要学的这个 1158 00:55:24,750 --> 00:55:25,870 法门啊 1159 00:55:26,430 --> 00:55:29,030 那等于说世界各个行业啊 1160 00:55:29,030 --> 00:55:30,950 你都要去辨学了 1161 00:55:32,750 --> 00:55:34,710 他这不是一生能学完的 1162 00:55:34,710 --> 00:55:35,190 是不是 1163 00:55:36,410 --> 00:55:38,030 当然善财童子呢 1164 00:55:38,030 --> 00:55:41,050 他具足了这种一切的 1165 00:55:41,050 --> 00:55:42,830 这个佛法的一个 1166 00:55:43,610 --> 00:55:44,810 圣义的智慧 1167 00:55:45,430 --> 00:55:48,930 他在学世俗的智可能就容易通达 1168 00:55:50,450 --> 00:55:51,430 像我们呢 1169 00:55:51,430 --> 00:55:52,150 没有这个 1170 00:55:52,750 --> 00:55:55,370 佛法的这种空一的智慧啊 1171 00:55:55,370 --> 00:55:56,290 肯定呢 1172 00:55:56,290 --> 00:55:57,570 学起来 1173 00:55:57,570 --> 00:55:59,150 学这一科都不容易 1174 00:55:59,150 --> 00:55:59,750 是不是 1175 00:56:01,130 --> 00:56:02,890 你这个语言学者 1176 00:56:03,570 --> 00:56:04,910 就是个语言学 1177 00:56:05,450 --> 00:56:07,710 要么一辈子可能都不一定能学 1178 00:56:07,710 --> 00:56:08,470 学得通 1179 00:56:12,370 --> 00:56:12,850 真的是 1180 00:56:12,850 --> 00:56:14,810 社会上的各行各业 1181 00:56:14,810 --> 00:56:16,110 你看从国王 1182 00:56:16,110 --> 00:56:17,190 国王 1183 00:56:17,750 --> 00:56:18,710 到这个 1184 00:56:19,370 --> 00:56:21,270 当官的职业 1185 00:56:21,270 --> 00:56:22,590 法官的职业 1186 00:56:23,250 --> 00:56:24,210 还有这个 1187 00:56:24,970 --> 00:56:27,310 辅佐的职业 1188 00:56:28,790 --> 00:56:29,750 那真的是 1189 00:56:29,750 --> 00:56:32,510 现代来说各个行业了 1190 00:56:32,510 --> 00:56:33,690 你都要学 1191 00:56:33,690 --> 00:56:36,270 这都是出发于什么呢 1192 00:56:36,270 --> 00:56:40,030 大怨大志大悲了 1193 00:56:40,810 --> 00:56:41,710 这个呢 1194 00:56:41,710 --> 00:56:43,690 就是菩萨的三心 1195 00:56:45,950 --> 00:56:47,930 菩萨的三心呢 1196 00:56:47,930 --> 00:56:49,910 也和这个 1197 00:56:53,800 --> 00:56:55,620 我们三善根呢 1198 00:56:55,620 --> 00:56:58,240 他是相对应 1199 00:56:58,240 --> 00:57:00,960 和那个三三昧 1200 00:57:00,960 --> 00:57:04,080 也都是对应的 1201 00:57:05,680 --> 00:57:06,320 这样呢 1202 00:57:06,320 --> 00:57:07,800 以自己所做的事业 1203 00:57:07,800 --> 00:57:10,180 引发一般人来学菩萨行 1204 00:57:11,860 --> 00:57:12,940 那这样呢 1205 00:57:12,940 --> 00:57:14,580 他是一种同事的能力 1206 00:57:14,580 --> 00:57:15,480 因为菩萨嘛 1207 00:57:15,480 --> 00:57:16,600 他到一定程度 1208 00:57:16,600 --> 00:57:18,680 他要学六度 1209 00:57:18,680 --> 00:57:19,560 然后四摄 1210 00:57:19,560 --> 00:57:19,900 是不是 1211 00:57:19,900 --> 00:57:20,640 四摄法 1212 00:57:22,040 --> 00:57:24,220 他要用四摄法的时候呢 1213 00:57:24,680 --> 00:57:25,920 他才能够引 1214 00:57:26,540 --> 00:57:28,080 更多人来学菩萨行 1215 00:57:28,680 --> 00:57:29,120 所以呢 1216 00:57:29,120 --> 00:57:31,020 为他利他的一切 1217 00:57:31,020 --> 00:57:32,400 是善的德行 1218 00:57:33,120 --> 00:57:34,940 也必然增进自己 1219 00:57:34,940 --> 00:57:35,620 立自己 1220 00:57:35,620 --> 00:57:36,760 利他自力 1221 00:57:36,760 --> 00:57:40,460 在菩萨行中得到统一 1222 00:57:42,120 --> 00:57:42,980 所以啊 1223 00:57:42,980 --> 00:57:44,180 这个真的 1224 00:57:44,180 --> 00:57:46,320 这个菩萨呢 1225 00:57:47,120 --> 00:57:51,280 他在学种种的本领的时候 1226 00:57:52,240 --> 00:57:55,780 他目的就是为了帮助更多的人 1227 00:57:55,780 --> 00:57:57,420 你发心越大呢 1228 00:57:57,420 --> 00:58:00,780 你可能要去经历的越多 1229 00:58:00,780 --> 00:58:01,860 或者是呢 1230 00:58:01,860 --> 00:58:04,140 你学的就要越多 1231 00:58:05,200 --> 00:58:06,020 这样呢 1232 00:58:06,020 --> 00:58:09,560 才能够逐渐地圆满自己 1233 00:58:10,420 --> 00:58:11,400 丰富自己 1234 00:58:11,400 --> 00:58:12,440 也就是说 1235 00:58:12,440 --> 00:58:13,980 在利他之中呢 1236 00:58:13,980 --> 00:58:15,660 来完成自己 1237 00:58:16,640 --> 00:58:17,440 这样呢 1238 00:58:17,440 --> 00:58:18,860 才能自利利他 1239 00:58:19,280 --> 00:58:22,660 得到了最高的统一 1240 00:58:24,220 --> 00:58:26,900 这个就是声闻以菩萨 1241 00:58:26,900 --> 00:58:27,980 一个是区别 1242 00:58:27,980 --> 00:58:28,700 一个是呢 1243 00:58:28,700 --> 00:58:30,300 他的一个 1244 00:58:32,060 --> 00:58:34,680 完全的统一 1245 00:58:34,680 --> 00:58:35,740 自利利他 1246 00:58:35,740 --> 00:58:36,960 这个德行 1247 00:58:42,660 --> 00:58:44,760 所以在第二节里头呢 1248 00:58:44,760 --> 00:58:48,260 那讲的就更细致一些 1249 00:58:49,200 --> 00:58:52,080 是通过菩萨的一种三心 1250 00:58:55,760 --> 00:58:56,780 这一节呢 1251 00:58:56,780 --> 00:58:59,160 就大致就是这些内容 1252 00:58:59,160 --> 00:59:01,700 这是简要的思想 1253 00:59:02,380 --> 00:59:03,160 但是呢 1254 00:59:03,160 --> 00:59:05,200 我们简要的能够掌握纲领 1255 00:59:05,200 --> 00:59:07,120 也就不容易了 1256 00:59:08,500 --> 00:59:10,780 在那个附录里头呢 1257 00:59:11,380 --> 00:59:12,820 谈的更详细 1258 00:59:13,800 --> 00:59:14,640 大家呢 1259 00:59:14,640 --> 00:59:17,160 只能自己去参考一下 1260 00:59:18,980 --> 00:59:19,800 下面呢 1261 00:59:19,800 --> 00:59:21,080 大家来分享 1262 00:59:37,870 --> 00:59:38,990 阿弥陀佛 1263 00:59:38,990 --> 00:59:40,810 有提问的师兄吗 1264 00:59:42,870 --> 00:59:43,690 元秀师兄 1265 00:59:43,690 --> 00:59:45,450 我想请教一下师父 1266 00:59:45,450 --> 00:59:46,210 可以吗 1267 00:59:46,850 --> 00:59:47,550 好的师兄 1268 00:59:48,210 --> 00:59:49,170 请您提问 1269 00:59:49,170 --> 00:59:49,870 师父 1270 00:59:49,870 --> 00:59:51,030 好的好的 1271 00:59:51,030 --> 00:59:52,470 师父就是刚才讲到的 1272 00:59:52,470 --> 00:59:53,530 关于声闻 1273 00:59:53,530 --> 00:59:55,670 从自他和乐而向于自心清净 1274 00:59:55,670 --> 00:59:57,250 他和菩萨的区别 1275 00:59:57,250 --> 00:59:59,110 这个地方我有点不是很明白 1276 01:00:02,210 --> 01:00:03,530 就是在第二 1277 01:00:03,530 --> 01:00:06,650 自他和乐与自心净化这个地方 1278 01:00:09,830 --> 01:00:10,330 他说 1279 01:00:10,330 --> 01:00:14,250 声闻者发现自我思欲的罪恶根源 [[Category:CatchUp]] [[Category:其它整理]] [[Category:需自动替换]]
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Test:文字整理-YQ2
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